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PubMed2006

Aging Males' Symptoms scale in Japanese men attending a multiphasic health screening clinic.

OBJECTIVES: The Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale is a health-related quality-of-life scale. The AMS scale has been used worldwide for the evaluation of andropause symptoms, but its standardized values have only been published for Germany. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of andropause symptoms in the male Japanese population using the AMS scale. METHODS: Of a consecutive series of 2833 men who underwent multiphasic health screening at Kurashiki Central Hospital, we analyzed the results for 2211 men who responded to all questions on the AMS scale. RESULTS: The severity of the total score and the sexual subscore of the AMS scale increased significantly with age, but no significant age relationships were observed in the psychological and somatic subscores. Approximately 50% of men in their 40s had moderate or severe symptoms in the sexual subscore. The total scores and all subscores for the Japanese population were significantly greater than those for the German population. CONCLUSIONS: A decline in sexual function with age was demonstrated in healthy Japanese men, but the somatic and psychological subscores were not influenced by age. The present study has provided standardized values for the AMS scale for the Japanese population.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Interactive computer system for monitoring multiphasic health screening.

In an on-going population screening investigation at the Department of Preventive Medicine in Malmö, an interactive computer system has been developed for monitoring: (i) the electron and invitation of the health screening population; (ii) on-line registration and representation of demographic informations, test results and questionnaires; (iii) generation of the patient files and other listings; (iv) systems for diagnostic and statistical processing and representation. Ten thousand health screening investigations have now been monitored by the system, which is described in this report.

Computers↗
PubMed1979

Screening and genetic counseling for beta-thalassemia trait in a population unselected for interest: effects on knowledge and mood.

To evaluate the effects of genetic screening and counseling in a population unselected for interest, adults in a health maintenance organization (HMO) were screened for beta-thalassemia trait as part of health care or multiphasic screening. Counseling was provided by either a trained physician or a videotape containing the same information, followed by an opportunity to question a trained physician. Knowledge of thalassemia, knowledge of genetics, and mood were assessed by standardized questionnaires and by interview immediately before and after counseling. Compared to controls, trait subjects demonstrated significant learning about thalassemia (P less than .001) and about genetics (P less than .001) and recorded significant mood changes, namely, surprise (startle) (P less than .05), increased alertness (decreased deactivation) (P less than .05), and decreased skepticism (P less than .01). Screening and genetic counseling for beta-thalassemia trait conducted as part of multiphasic screening of the population of a HMO, essentially and unselected population, can result in significant overall learning with acceptable effects on mood.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The prevalence of health risks in an employed population.

To optimize use of the limited resources of the Tennessee State Employee Health Service, health risk and abnormality rates were tabulated for employees screened in the multiphasic screening program in 1983. Histories and health questionnaires revealed many more preventable or correctable health risks and abnormalities than did laboratory or physiologic tests or physical examinations. No previously unknown abnormalities were located by physical examination alone. The authors conclude that health history, risk appraisal, and counseling may be the most productive elements of a preventive screening program for employed groups, as well as for the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Eye color and hypertension.

We searched for predictors of essential hypertension in 1,031 persons aged 30-49 who were observed to progress from normotension to hypertension, as compared to an equal number of matched subjects who remained normotensive. Blood pressure status was well documented in both multiphasic screenings and clinical records. Compared to persons with each lighter eye color, those with brown eyes were more prone to develop hypertension, with relative risk of 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.18-1.96) compared to all persons with nonbrown eyes. The association persisted after control for race, sex, body mass index, alcohol use, educational level, parental history of hypertension, and among whites, for ethnic origin as crudely estimated by last name. Partial confirmation was obtained in three largely independent study groups: 1) 25 pairs of eye-color-discordant dizygotic twins; 2) 894 pairs of incident hypertensives and controls selected only with multiphasic screening blood pressure measurements; and 3) cross-sectional analysis of 152,018 multiphasic screenees. The weak association of eye color with hypertension clearly requires further confirmation. Although it has little potential for use in screening or clinical care, it may have implications regarding etiology. Areas for further exploration include the close metabolic relation of melanins to catecholamines, both derived from the amino acid tyrosine, and the possibility that dark-eyed persons react more quickly and strongly to stimuli than light-eyed persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The parameterization of predictive value for multisite screening.

In the design of a medical screening program, it is standard practice to employ the parameters of sensitivity and specificity of the test, together with the population disease prevalence, in order to obtain the predictive values of the test. Multiphasic screening, i.e. the use of two or more tests on the same occasion to screen for more than a single disease, has stimulated the need for a formulation of the joint predictive value of these tests employed in combination. In this communication a parameterization of joint predictive value is presented in the context of multisite cancer screening. The resulting parameters are related to the separate disease prevalences, as well as to the sensitivities and specificities of the separate tests, under the assumption of statistical independence among cancer screens.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Interpretation of an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test encountered during multiphasic laboratory screening.

We have studied 162 healthy male flyers who had repeat glucose tolerance tests at intervals of 6 months to 2 years. On the premise that an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was not reproducible because standard criteria were not strict enough, we evaluated 11 different criteria for diagnosing an abnormal OGTT. The number of abnormal tests varied according to the criteria but, no matter how the criteria were varied, the best reproducibility of any abnormal test on repeat testing was 50%. Factors affecting the reproducibility of an abnormal test are discussed. We conclude that a single, standard 2-h oral glucose tolerance test should be considered only as a screening test for diabetes mellitus, and that a final diagnosis of chemical diabetes mellitus should be made only if the carbohydrate in-tolerance consistently worsens or if insulin curves show hypofunction of the Islets of Langerhans. Our recommendations for followup studies of a patient with an initial abnormal OGTT are outlined. This study illustrates the importance of basic definitions of diagnostic criteria for diseases which have a long-term effect on the health of the flying population.

Adolescent↗