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PubMedDate not supplied

Unfolding cases: an experiential learning model.

The focus of education has changed from teaching to learning. This educational model stresses student outcomes that include critical thinking, effective communication, and students' ability to reflect their own learning. This article describes "unfolding cases," a comprehensive plan of learning that allows student practice time to solve individually and collectively problems they may encounter in clinical situations. It combines a variation and extension of the frequently used strategy of case study with multiple cooperative learning strategies, culminating in an individual reflective writing experience.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed2003

A research-based didactic model for education to promote culturally competent nursing care in Sweden.

As Sweden changes toward a multicultural society, scientific knowledge of transcultural nursing care becomes increasingly important. Earlier studies in Swedish nursing education have demonstrated a lack of knowledge base in transcultural nursing. Through an extensive review of the literature, a didactic model was developed to help facilitate the establishment of this body of knowledge in transcultural nursing. The article demonstrates how the model applies the content and structure of Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universality and ethnonursing method in a 3-year nursing program in theory as well as clinical education. The model includes a written guide for faculty members, with references to scientific articles and documents to be used.

Cultural Diversity↗
PubMed1994

Self-management of cystic fibrosis: a structural model for educational and behavioral variables.

One hundred and ninety-nine patients and their primary caregivers at two metropolitan cystic fibrosis centers participated in a clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program designed to help improve self-management skills for the care of CF. The baseline data from the study was used to test a structural model that hypothesized the relationship between educational, behavioral, and health status variables. Controlling for the effects of all other variables, including demographic, self-efficacy (confidence in being able to perform a behavior) was the most important educational factor predicting self-management behavior for monitoring and treating respiratory problems. Knowledge about the management of CF was only related to the ability of caretakers to apply coping skills to problems associated with CF. The more caretakers reported performing monitoring behaviors the more likely they were to report performing self-management treatment behaviors. The findings suggest that educational interventions that focus on increased knowledge alone are not likely to be effective in improving self-management behavior for CF. Based on the structural model analyses, it is recommended that educational programs for CF patients and families address increased self-efficacy and improved monitoring skills to influence the improvement of self-management treatment for CF.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2000

HIV/AIDS prevention: a model for educating the inpatient psychiatric population.

Scientific and medical research in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention has recently moved closer to finding a vaccine and a cure. Behavior change, however, is currently the only available means to decrease new cases of HIV, and the proper use of condoms is the most effective preventative measure for people with severe and persistent psychiatric disabilities who are sexually active. It is now well-documented that educating this population about safer-sex practices can reduce their risk of getting HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The following article is a brief review of a model used to educate clients in an inpatient, state psychiatric hospital. Strategies that focus on developing behavioral skills are outlined.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

An application of the health belief model toward educational diagnosis for VD education.

A protocol is developed which allows the translation of the Health Belief Model (HBM) to practice in supplying empirical needs assessment data on which to build responsive and effective VD education. The HBM is recognized as among the most important theoretical formulations to explain health behavior available in the health education literature, although there has to date been no information as to how to bridge the gap between theory and practice for actual, specific, and detailed programmatic input. The present study describes a procedure for using the HBM as a tool enabling practitioners to isolate those beliefs that need to be addressed for a given population. Prior attempts at belief identification have been limited to the four major dimensions of the HBM (perceptions of susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, and benefits), often with a single item to address each gross dimension. Such efforts are incapable of determining discrete areas of beliefs subject to change through direct educational intervention. The conceptualization and development of an extended view of these dimensions to include numerous individual entities enables the practitioner to create a data base which overcomes this limitation. The development of the VD Health Belief Scale is detailed. Subscales were operationalized by developing standardized attitude scales comprised of Likert-type items requiring a response on a five-point scale of agreement; instrument refinement occurred at several stages; and selected items were screened through internal consistency item analysis. Resultant scales had acceptable reliability with alphas of .89, .66, .91, .86, and .84. A straightforward procedure is described to explain how the measure is used to develop appropriate needs assessment data using the HBM framework. Studies performed by the authors utilizing the procedure are presented to illustrate the application of the research protocol.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concept of the developmental education program model.

The need to assist minority students to succeed in baccalaureate nursing programs has been well documented in the literature. Described in this article is a model framework to assist schools of nursing in developing comprehensive integrated programs for student development and retention.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1993

The Athletic Prevention Programming and Leadership Education (APPLE) Model: Developing Substance Abuse Prevention Programs.

Alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse affects every sector of society, and student-athletes are no exception. Because many factors affecting athletes do not affect other students, athletic departments commonly approach prevention through AOD education. Different educational approaches are described in this article, particularly the Athletic Prevention Programming and Leadership Education (APPLE) model. Project APPLE is designed to enable an athletic department to systematically analyze its AOD prevention in seven areas: recruitment practices, expectations and attitudes, education and AOD programs, policies, drug testing, discipline, and referral and counseling. Because athletic trainers often are involved in this process, this article should help them to design more effective AOD programs.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partnerships in higher education: a model for joint degree nursing programs.

The purpose of this article is to outline specific strategies that were employed in the design and implementation of two joint baccalaureate nursing programs developed in New Jersey. Details regarding the academic contract, decision-making committees, advisory committees, lines of authority, and practical aspects of operational management are fully described. The authors also describe the broad assumptions and ingredients necessary to successful partnerships in higher education. Both the advantages and disadvantages to academic partnerships are discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1987

A conceptual model for educating primary care providers in the diagnosis and treatment of depression.

Primary care physicians consistently have been found to under-recognize or misdiagnose depressive disorders. However, it remains unclear whether diagnostic accuracy is related to the physician's knowledge base, interviewing skills and behavior, problem solving ability, and/or attitudes towards these disorders. As strategies are contemplated for improving physician recognition of depression, it is clear that psychiatric education must be guided by a comprehensive conceptual model. Such a model is proposed based upon the several educational domains intrinsic to the mastery of clinical diagnosis.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1984

In-service education: a model for success.

The quality and quantity of in-service education programs offered to staff members of long-term care facilities have long lagged behind that offered in hospitals, medica centers, and other sectors of the health care industry. The authors review the need for, and the problems and benefits of, in-service education in long-term care facilities, and suggest a model program.

Inservice Training↗
PubMed2006

A model for educational enrichment and employment recruitment for clinical laboratory science students.

An educational partnership was initiated between a pharmaceutical company and a university-based clinical laboratory science program to achieve mutually beneficial objectives. This external enrichment site provides a unique educational experience for the students that cannot be duplicated any where else in the community. The framework for the educational experience was established with a full day's schedule of visits and presentations guided by a list of twenty learning objectives. Clinical laboratory science students interact with laboratory professionals who are employed by the pharmaceutical company and assigned to a variety of traditional and non-traditional roles. During the visit, pharmaceutical company employees observe student interactions in small group settings and assess the learners' interest in the work environment and specimen testing process. Employee feedback may be applied to future employment decision making. This article describes how employer outreach goals and initiatives and educational enrichment objectives can be met through cooperative team work.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1994

Animal models as educational tools in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Laparoscopic colectomies have been shown to be feasible in patients with low morbidity. Thus, many surgeons, as they begin to perform laparoscopic surgery on other areas of the abdomen, may consider performing laparoscopic colectomies. Although certain basic skills like suturing and knot tying can be practiced in training models, the preclinical performance of intraperitoneal bowel mobilization and anastomosis, dissection of mesentery, and control of bleeding can only be practiced and perfected in live animal models. We describe several laparoscopic intestinal techniques in porcine and canine models. Through use of these procedures, the surgeon can learn to handle intraperitoneal organs atraumatically, to achieve hemostasis, to dissect mesentery with lymphadenectomy and high ligation of major vessels, and to accomplish a variety of intraperitoneal anastomoses. Acquisition of these skills is essential in the quest to perform successful laparoscopic intestinal surgery. These skills cannot be learned in inanimate training models.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗