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PubMed1987

The Philippine national recording systems on international migration.

The author reviews migration data sources and government collection agencies in the Philippines. He finds that "despite the importance of international migration for national policy, efforts to correct the serious data limitations in the area of migration statistics have been limited and uncoordinated. In fact, most estimates of emigration levels from the Philippines still rely heavily on the data gathered by receiving countries."

Asia↗
PubMed1994

International migration: some consequences for urban areas in Australia and New Zealand.

"This article provides a broad overview of literature on some of the consequences of international migration for urban and, in particular, metropolitan areas in Australia and New Zealand. The focus therefore is diverse; highlighting similarities in the experiences of each country...;and emphasizing long-term and permanent movements favoured by successive governments on both sides of the Tasman Sea.... The four sets of impacts discussed in this article relate to the population, labour force, residential and settlement patterns and social and cultural factors." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Australia↗
PubMed1996

International migration and development in Mexican communities.

The theoretical and empirical literature generally regards international migration as producing a cycle of dependency and stunted development in sending communities. Most migrants' earnings are spent on consumption; few funds are channeled into productive investment. We argue that this view is misleading because it ignores the conditions under which productive investment is likely to be possible and profitable. We analyze the determinants of migrants' savings and remittance decisions, using variables defined at the individual, household, community, and macroeconomic levels. We identify the conditions under which U.S. earnings are repatriated to Mexico as remittances and savings, and indicate the factors leading to their productive investment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Occupational continuity and international migration of skilled workers: the case of Mersey Port workers.

"As part of a current concern among geographers to identify the local specificity of labour markets...and the regional impacts of international migration from [the United Kingdom], this paper considers one case of regional specificity--the Port of Liverpool--and how the traditional skills of the port and associated activities, on and off-shore, have provided important linkages with international demand for skills in these occupations, and have spontaneously maintained international but non-permanent flows of skilled workers from Merseyside." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Demography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

International migration in Paraguay and the integration of the Southern Cone: a research programme.

"The purpose of this paper is to bring together some of the general problems that arise in the study of international migration between Paraguay and the countries of the Southern Common Market (with special reference to Argentina, which is the most frequent destination of Paraguayan migration).... The paper first reviews the known information about the emigration of Paraguayans, in general, and to Argentina, in particular, with some references to immigration to Paraguay from bordering countries, as well....A brief survey is made of the impact of the Southern Common Market (Mercosur) on employment and migration, and, finally, some specific problems related to the economic analysis of these migrations are discussed...."

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

International migration: new challenges to Europe.

This report, which was commissioned by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, is an overview of the situation concerning current and future trends in international migration in Europe. The most important components of the current scene are identified as "(i) persisting unemployment despite the economic recovery in Europe, (ii) the continued internationalisation of the national societies in conjunction with overt tendencies to xenophobia, (iii) the strengthening of European political and economic integration, and (iv) the increasing pressure for immigration from the third world."

Behavior↗
PubMed1999

The commodification of international migration: findings from Thailand.

"The organisation of international contract-labour migration within Asia has been increasingly dominated by commercial agencies acting as intermediaries between workers and foreign employers. The principles underpinning the gatekeeping role of such agencies in the East Asian migration system are examined. A consideration of the international labour recruitment system in Thailand is based on survey work among agents, community leaders and recently returned migrants."

Asia↗
PubMed1991

Effects of fertility and international migration on changing age composition in Canada.

"This paper analyses the prospects for age distribution in Canada through 2036, based on today's age structure and expected trends in fertility and international migration. Simulating these two demographic components at extreme levels shows that tomorrow's aging is already built into the current age distribution, which is heavily marked by the post-war baby boom and the following persistent baby bust, and that neither fertility nor immigration can be seen as effective adjustment mechanisms for the changing age composition of Canada. Population projections using the component method are applied along with an age-specific growth-rate analysis."

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1995

The world economic system and international migration in less developed countries: an ecological approach.

"This paper analysed net migration within the context of [the] world economic system and urban ecological framework using the structural equation model." The author "employs linear structural equation modelling to examine determinants of international migration, using data from the World Bank World Tables, World Development Reports and the World Bank." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Agriculture↗
PubMed1990

Transitional society, health status and international migration of Muslim villagers in the lower part of southern Thailand.

A survey was carried out in a Malay-speaking Muslim community in southern Thailand to obtain baseline data for planning of long term multidisciplinary research and development. By using a 30-cluster sampling technique, 210 households of 1,308 subjects were studied in the post-Ramadan period. It was found that the community was in a social transition. The crude birth rate was 4% and 37.6% of the households had at least one migrant. About half of these migrants had been to Malaysia and mainly worked in rubber plantations. Ninety-five per cent of the households had electricity whereas only 23.8% had a latrine. Boiled or rain water was regularly drunk in only 13.3 per cent of the households. Home-grown agricultural products were not sufficient to provide adequate food. Twenty-six per cent of the adults were unemployed and 24.6% were illiterate. Of the pregnancies 26.7% had no antenatal care and complete tetanus toxoid was given to only 27.8%. Traditional birth attendants conducted 81.1% of the deliveries and only 28.9 and 24.4% of the umbilical cords were correctly cut and correctly dressed, respectively. Breast feeding was still a common (87.8%) practice. However, complete immunization was given to only 10.8%, and 37.8% of the infants had at least one diarrheal episode in the previous month. It was concluded that high birth rate, high migration, low education, low income and bad health of infants are major problems. These problems were interlinked and needed a special multidisciplinary approach. In addition to common obstacles for routine health delivery, migration may create international complications, particularly related to maternal and child care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

International migration and New Zealand labour markets.

"This paper seeks to assess the value of the overseas-born members of the labour force in ensuring a flexible labour supply in New Zealand since the beginning of the 1970s. Three main issues are considered: first, the role of the labour market in New Zealand's immigration policy; second, international migration trends and the labour market; and third, the evidence on migration and labour market segmentation in New Zealand." Data used are from official external migration statistics, quinquennial censuses, and recent research. The author notes that "in New Zealand immigration measures are currently being taken that emphasize that immigration continues to add to the flexibility of the labour market while uncontrolled emigration is a major cause of labour market instability." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Demography↗
PubMed1986

Internal migration in India in the seventies: a demo-economic analysis.

"This paper is aimed to address mainly the following three aspects of spatial mobility within India during the last inter-censal decade of 1971-1981: (i) Levels of inmigration, outmigration and net migration in the major states (ii) estimates of state-to-state migration flows and (iii) some insights on the socio-economic determinants of internal migration."

Asia↗
PubMed2001

International migration to and from the United Kingdom, 1975-1999: consistency, change and implications for the labour market.

This article presents some findings of a recent study carried out for the Home Office by the Migration Research Unit (MRU) in the Department of Geography at UCL. The study was concerned with patterns and trends in international migration to and from the United Kingdom since 1975, with a particular focus on those in employment, and drew on many sources. The statistics analysed here derive from the International Passenger Survey, including hitherto unpublished tables provided by the Office for National Statistics on migration of the employed by citizenship. They indicate remarkable consistency in some aspects of migration flows and major change in others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

For work and for school: internal migration of Canada's rural nurses.

Using data from the Registered Nurses Database and a recently conducted national survey, this study examined the internal migration patterns of Canadian-educated rural RNs. Inter-provincial migration rates, ranging from 11% to 27% depending on the database used, mask much wider variations in sub-provincial movement rates, which are particularly relevant when considering the provision of nursing services in rural and remote communities. Rural RNs are more likely to migrate if they are female, older, working in nursing stations, and living in remote communities. A majority of RNs whose migration is associated with going to school after their initial nursing education do not return to the jurisdiction where they were first registered. Targeted migration studies are needed to fully understand both the detailed patterns and the predictors of such movements in order to better assess recruitment and retention policies and to enhance our overall health human resources planning models.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Tuberculosis control in Europe and international migration.

This is a consensus-based position paper of a Task Force, comprising representatives of nongovernmental and governmental organizations in the European Region of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease and the World Health Organization, on tuberculosis control in the countries of Europe and international migration. Tuberculosis among the foreign population entering European countries represents an increasing and important proportion of all tuberculosis cases reported in these countries. Adequate surveillance systems allow the identification of population segments at an excess risk of tuberculosis compared to the general population. Among groups of foreigners with a risk considerably exceeding that of the general population, screening for tuberculosis and infection with M. tuberculosis yields a large number of persons in many countries who can benefit from curative and preventive interventions. The Task Force recommends that European countries: 1) have notification systems based on both mandatory laboratory and physician reports of tuberculosis cases, to allow identification of population segments at an excess incidence of tuberculosis compared to the general population; 2) consider screening of high incidence and prevalence groups among the entering foreign population for tuberculosis and infection with M. tuberculosis amenable to curative and preventive i intervention; 3) utilize existing governmental and nongovernmental organizations to provide culturally and socially sensitive services to ensure proper follow-up and implementation of interventions; 4) provide comprehensive curative and preventive services to treat tuberculosis; and 5) evaluate efficiency and efficacy of screening procedures on an ongoing basis.

Disease Notification↗