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PubMed2005

Sexual fantasies of adolescent male sex offenders in residential treatment: a descriptive study.

An attenuating sample of 87 male adolescent sexual offenders logged sexual fantasies during their entire time in therapy. These patients were attending residential treatment and kept a log recording all normal and deviant sexual fantasies which they experienced. Patients recorded which fantasies were interrupted and which fantasies were accompanied by masturbation. Typically, at the beginning of treatment, the reported rate of normal fantasies was maximal, the occurrence of deviant fantasies was minimal, and there was little effort to interrupt the deviant fantasies. The reported frequency of deviant fantasies increased substantially (about 380%) during the first 5 months of treatment and then steadily declined (approximately 47%) over the remaining months in therapy. Following an initial decline in the early months of treatment, an increase in the rates of normal fantasies was reported. Additionally, over the course of treatment, the frequency of deviant fantasies decreased relative to all fantasies. While deviant fantasies remained predominant to normal sexual fantasies and were more frequently paired with masturbation, patients reported substantial changes in the proportion of deviant fantasies that were interrupted (from about 20% to 70%). Implications of the results for juvenile sex offender treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Vacuum cleaner injury to penis: a common urologic problem?

Erotic stimulation by the use of vacuum cleaners or electric brooms appears to be a common form of masturbation. Unfortunately, and contrary to apparent public appreciation, injury due to this form of autostimulation may not be unusual. Five cases of significant penile trauma resulting from this form of masturbation are presented, with a spectrum of severe injuries, including loss of the glans penis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Aversive conditioning of periodic spontaneous erection adversely affects sexual behavior and semen in stallions.

Periodic spontaneous erection and penile movements known as masturbation (SEAM) occur normally at approximately 90 min intervals in awake equids. SEAM in horses has traditionally been misunderstood by many horsemen as aberrant behavior that should be eliminated. Accordingly, it is not uncommon for trainers of performance stallions or managers of breeding stallions to punish SEAM in an attempt to eliminate the behavior. Previous clinical observations and preliminary unsystematic trials had suggested that attempts to stop stallion SEAM may lead to an increase rather than a decrease in SEAM, and at the same time may suppress sexual behavior (SB) in a breeding stallion. The present work evaluated the effects of aversive conditioning of SEAM on SEAM, SB, and semen. In Experiment 1, four mature pony stallions were subjected to aversive conditioning of SEAM in a within- and between-subjects half cross-over design. The SEAM erection interval tended to be less after aversive conditioning, suggesting an increase in SEAM frequency. Eleven other SEAM measures were each similar before and after aversive conditioning of SEAM. In standard sexual behavior trials with a stimulus mare and dummy mount, erection latency, ejaculation latency, mount readiness latency, and number of mounts to ejaculation increased after aversive conditioning of SEAM; erection rigidity score, number of ejaculatory pulses, and vocalization rate decreased. Number of thrusts to ejaculation was similar before and after aversive conditioning of SEAM. All affected SB measures indicated suppressed sexual arousal and breeding efficiency after SEAM. In Experiment 1, ejaculated semen was not evaluated. Because in Experiment 1, the number of ejaculatory urethral pulses was less after aversive conditioning, Experiment 2 was similarly designed, but included evaluation of semen, both immediately and again 1 week after aversive conditioning was completed. Experiment 2 included 12 aversively conditioned stallions, and 4 yoked controls. In Experiment 2, masturbation episode duration tended to be less after aversive conditioning, while the remaining 11 SEAM measures were unaffected by aversive conditioning of SEAM. Of SB measures, erection latency, mount readiness latency, thrusts to ejaculation, and ejaculation latency were significantly greater after aversive conditioning. Erection rigidity score and number of ejaculatory pulses were less after aversive conditioning. These differences are consistent with suppressed sexual arousal and reduced breeding efficiency. Semen volume and total number of sperm per ejaculate were significantly less after aversive conditioning. These findings are consistent with clinical anecdotes and preliminary trials indicating that aversive conditioning of SEAM in stallions suppresses sexual arousal and breeding behavior. Of considerable interest both clinically and theoretically, is the finding that aversive conditioning target behavior of SEAM was not suppressed by aversive conditioning, while SB and semen during semen collection trials were both adversely affected.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Blood pressure reactivity to stress is better for people who recently had penile-vaginal intercourse than for people who had other or no sexual activity.

Penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI) but not other sexual behavior is associated with better psychological and physiological function. I examined the relationship of sexual behavior patterns to blood pressure (BP) and its reactivity to stress (public speaking and verbal arithmetic). For a fortnight, 24 women and 22 men used daily diaries to record PVI, masturbation, and partnered sexual behavior in the absence of PVI. Persons who reported PVI (but no other sexual activities) had better stress response (less reactivity and/or lower baseline levels) than persons reporting other or no sexual behaviors. Persons who only masturbated or had partnered sex without PVI had 14 mmHg more systolic BP reactivity than those who had PVI but not the other behaviors. Many variables were examined but failed to confound the observed relationships. The magnitude of the sexual behavior effect on BP reactivity is greater than of other factors in the literature. These findings add to the research corpus on the benefits of PVI (differentiated from other sexual activities).

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1996

Physiological parameters associated with the performance of a distracting task and genital self-stimulation in women with complete spinal cord injuries.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the physiological sexual responses of women with complete spinal cord injuries (SCI) with those of able-bodied women. DESIGN: Controlled laboratory-based analysis of responses to a distracting task coupled with manual genital stimulation versus masturbation. SETTING: The sexual physiology laboratory at our free-standing rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A volunteer sample of 10 women with complete SCI along with 10 able-bodied women, matched for age and educational status. INTERVENTIONS: A 78-minute protocol using 6-minute baselines alternating with 12-minute testing conditions. DEPENDENT-VARIABLES: Vaginal pulse amplitude, subjective arousal, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Subjective sexual arousal increased in able-bodied women with manual genital stimulation in conjunction with performance of a distracting task and was further augmented by removal of the distracting task and continuing with masturbation. In contrast, complete SCI subjects did not demonstrate increased subjective arousal with performance of the distracting task in conjunction with manual genital stimulation; however, they did evidence significant increases in arousal when the distracting task was eliminated. CONCLUSIONS: Genital responses tended to parallel subjective responses in able-bodied women; however, women with SCI revealed nonsignificant changes in genital responses throughout the treatment protocol. It is hypothesized that the genital and subjective responses of able-bodied subjects reflect the additive components of reflex and then psychogenic sexual arousal. Furthermore, the lack of responsivity in the SCI subjects was thought to be related to compromised upper extremity function in the majority of our subjects. Further work is necessary to validate these hypotheses.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Physiologic parameters associated with sexual arousal in women with incomplete spinal cord injuries.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the physiologic sexual responses of women with incomplete spinal cord injuries (SCIs) with and without preservation of the ability to perceive T11-L2 pinprick sensation. DESIGN: Controlled laboratory-based analysis of responses to varying combinations of audiovisual erotic stimulation, manual genital stimulation, and performance of a distracting task coupled with manual genital stimulation. SETTING: The sexual physiology laboratory at our freestanding rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A volunteer sample of 17 women with incomplete SCIs. INTERVENTIONS: Two 78-minute protocols using 6-minute baselines alternating with 12-minute testing conditions. One protocol was designed to study the effects of psychogenic and psychogenic combined with manual sexual stimulation, while the other was designed to examine the effects of genital sexual stimulation performed in conjunction with a distracting task. DEPENDENT VARIABLES: Vaginal pulse amplitude, subjective arousal, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Subjective arousal increased in both groups of subjects with isolated audiovisual erotic stimulation; however, only those subjects with the ability to perceive T11-L2 pinprick sensation had concomitant increases in vaginal pulse amplitude. In contrast, when manual genital stimulation was added to the audiovisual erotic stimulation, both groups of subjects developed increases in vaginal pulse amplitude, whereas only those subjects with the ability to perceive T11-L2 demonstrated a further increase in their level of subjective arousal. Performance of manual genital stimulation in conjunction with a distracting task resulted in significantly increased vaginal pulse amplitude and arousal level only in those subjects with preservation of the ability to perceive T11-L2 pinprick sensation. With the changeover to masturbation, neither group of subjects developed significant increases in vaginal pulse amplitude. During masturbation, both groups of subjects had increases in their level of sexual arousal; however, only those subjects with T11-L2 pinprick preservation had a significant increase. CONCLUSIONS: Women with preservation of the ability to perceive T11-L2 pinprick sensation tended to maintain the ability for psychogenic genital vasocongestion. Psychogenic protocol results showed that all subjects appeared to develop reflex genital vasocongestion when manual stimulation was added to audiovisual erotic stimulation. Manual genital stimulation in conjunction with the performance of a distracting task only resulted in increased vaginal pulse amplitudes in those subjects with preservation of T11-L2 pinprick sensation. We believe that this was due to increased subjective sexual arousal and that the reason all subjects did not develop increased genital vasocongestion under these conditions was due to poor hand function. Further research examining women with lower levels of SCI is necessary to understand the neurophysiology of female sexual response after SCI.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Ejaculatory latency and control in men with premature ejaculation: an analysis across sexual activities using multiple sources of information.

OBJECTIVE: Men with premature ejaculation (PE) exhibit diminished control over and short latency to ejaculation. The present study attempted to delineate further characteristics of men with PE and to address a number of presumed hypotheses regarding the etiology of this disorder. METHODS: Twenty-six men with PE were compared with an age-matched group of 13 sexually functional men on multiple indices of erectile and ejaculatory response during coital and masturbatory activities. These data were collected through retrospective, prospective, and laboratory methods. RESULTS: Psychophysiological testing indicated greater ejaculatory vulnerability to penile stimulation, although not visual erotic stimulation, in PE men than functional controls. PE men also showed subtle anomalies in the way they perceived their somatic response. The correlation between measures of ejaculatory latency and control was positive and high for intercourse, but low or even negative for masturbation. Whereas functional men showed consistency in ejaculatory latency over coital and masturbatory activities, PE men exhibited much shorter latencies during coitus than masturbation. Data collected under various methodologies (retrospective, prospective, and laboratory) showed greater consistency among sexually functional subjects; and preliminary analysis of laboratory data suggests psychophysiological methodology is as effective in differentiating dysfunctional from functional men as prospective and retrospective methodologies. CONCLUSION: Although ejaculatory latency and control tend to be related, these measures are not always stable over different kinds of sexual activity or using different methods of data collection. Psychophysiological methodology is effective in differentiating group membership (PE vs. control), but does not predict individual ejaculatory responses measured prospectively.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Duration of sexual arousal predicts semen parameters for masturbatory ejaculates.

A man's semen parameters may vary considerably from one specimen to the next, partly due to variability in the conditions under which the specimens are produced. In the present study, the relationship between the duration of preejaculatory sexual arousal and the quality of semen produced by masturbation was investigated. Twenty-five regular semen donors aged 22-44 provided a total of 292 semen specimens (median 11 per donor) over a period of 4 months. Each specimen was produced after a minimum of 3 days of ejaculatory abstinence and measures included the time taken to produce the specimen, ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, and percent motility. Linear regression revealed that, controlling for donor identity, there was a significant (t=2.13, P<.05) positive relationship between the time taken to produce a specimen and sperm concentration. We conclude that the duration of preejaculatory sexual arousal is an important predictor of ejaculate quality for specimens produced by masturbation and that variation in the duration of preejaculatory arousal may contribute to within-male fluctuations in semen parameters over time.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

An investigation of adolescent health from China.

In a senior high school in the Weicheng District of Weifang City, we studied the health of a total 445 students. The age of the first emission was 15.22 +/- 2.24 years, and the age of menarche was 13.56 +/- 2.26 years. Because 47.9% of boys and 63.8% of girls did not have previous knowledge about puberty, 39.9% of boys and 52.2% of girls felt puzzled and disgusted with the onset of puberty. About 18% of boys and about 2% of girls reported masturbation. The average frequency of masturbation was 3.5 times a month in the boys and two times monthly in girls. Adolescents acquired sexual knowledge and information predominantly from magazines (25.8% of boys and 28.0% of girls). About 64% of boys and 44% of girls wanted to be given educational programs on sex. About 43% of boys and 1% of girls smoked cigarettes and 83.5% of boys and 54.9% of girls drank alcohol. The survey suggested that it is essential to teach the senior high school students about the psychosocial and behavioral characteristics of adolescence and promote research on adolescent medicine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alternatives to vaginal intercourse practiced during the fertile time among calendar method users in Ireland.

A pilot study was conducted in Ireland to test the effectiveness of the calendar method of contraception. A conservative rule was used, requiring on average 16 days of abstinence per cycle. Among the 19 couples who entered into the study and were followed for up to seven cycles, there were no pregnancies. Since the length of abstinence was relatively long, we collected data to determine how couples expressed love and affection towards each other during those days when the woman was potentially fertile. We also collected data about barrier method use during the fertile time. We found that almost all couples gave each other hugs and kisses to show affection although couples were taught to abstain from vaginal intercourse during the fertile time. About one-third of the couples avoided genital contact, while about half reported using oral sex and/or frottage (body rubbing). Twice as many men reported using masturbation compared to women, although about half of the couples practiced mutual (partner) masturbation. In addition, about one-fifth of the couples used condoms during the fertile time in some cycles. These findings show that a variety of sexual expressions are used by couples when vaginal intercourse is to be avoided. Knowledge about these alternative sexual expressions may be important for couples who wish to engage in sexual activity and to avoid pregnancy.

Coitus↗
PubMed2004

Lifetime depression history and sexual function in women at midlife.

We examined the association between lifetime depression history and sexual function in a community-based sample of midlife women. Specifically, 914 women aged 42-52 who were participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation completed a self-report assessment of their sexual behaviors, sexual desire, sexual arousal, and sexual satisfaction over the past 6 months. On the basis of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV , participants were categorized into 1 of 3 lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) history groups: no MDD history, single episode MDD, and recurrent MDD. In line with previous reports, women with a history of recurrent MDD reported experiencing less frequent sexual arousal, less physical pleasure, and less emotional satisfaction within their current sexual relationships. Although the groups did not differ in their reported frequency of sexual desire or partnered sexual behaviors, lifetime depression history was associated with increased rates of self-stimulation (masturbation). Associations between lifetime depression history and lower levels of physical pleasure within partnered sexual relationships and higher rates of masturbation remained significant following control for current depressive symptoms, study site, marital status, psychotropic medication use, and lifetime history of anxiety or substance abuse/dependence disorder. Future research is needed to characterize the temporal and etiologic relationships among lifetime depressive disorder, current mood state, and sexual function in women across the lifespan.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Do all orgasms feel alike? Evaluating a two-dimensional model of the orgasm experience across gender and sexual context.

The characteristics common to all human orgasm experiences and potential gender and contextual factors affecting these experiences were investigated in two studies. A two-dimensional descriptive model of the orgasm experience was evaluated by testing hypotheses concerning (a) fit of the model to adjective-ratings data describing male and female orgasm experiences, and (b) sexual context effects on the importance of model components. In the first model-evaluation study, 888 university students (523 women) provided adjective ratings to convey orgasm experiences attained through both solitary masturbation and sex with a partner. In a cross-validation study, 798 university students (503 women) provided similar ratings to convey orgasm experiences attained either through solitary masturbation or through sex with a partner. Overall, findings supported the utility of a two-dimensional model of the orgasm experience, an adjective-rating approach in comparing male and female orgasm, and the importance of examining sexual context effects on the orgasm experience.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intercourse orgasm consistency, concordance of women's genital and subjective sexual arousal, and erotic stimulus presentation sequence.

Many studies report discordance between women's genital (vaginal pulse amplitude) and subjective sexual arousal responses to erotica. Consistent with our previous research, I hypothesized that the association between physiological and subjective domains would be greater for women with greater orgasmic consistency (OC) during penile-vaginal intercourse but not for OC during masturbation or noncoital partnered sexual activities. I confirmed this specific hypothesis in a sample of young Dutch women (N = 27, mean age 20, all with current partners), replicating our earlier psychophysiological findings with postmenopausal women. Also replicated were the findings that intercourse OC (40% of the women had an orgasm from 90-100% of intercourse events, 44% from 9-89% of intercourse events) was not less than for other sexual activity and that OC during intercourse was uncorrelated with OC during masturbation. We observed the association of intercourse consistency with genital-subjective concordance when visual erotica was presented in a sequence of increasing intensity (analogous to typical real sexual encounters) but not when presented in decreasing, random, or fixed-intensity sequence. I discuss the results in terms of the unique nature of penile-vaginal intercourse and the study's implications for sex therapy and sex research.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Traumatic masturbatory syndrome.

This article describes a previously unreported pattern of atypical masturbatory behavior, which presents as either an erectile or orgasmic disorder in men. Four case histories are described of men who masturbated in an idiosyncratic manner. The distinguishing features of the masturbatory style include a prone position and daily masturbation over a period of years. It is suggested that the primary care physician or specialist (urologist or neurologist) screen for this problematic style when presented with male sexual dysfunction. Further, and more controversially, it is suggested that a primary prevention model would argue for masturbatory instruction in the home, classroom, or pediatric clinical setting.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Candida transmission and sexual behaviors as risks for a repeat episode of Candida vulvovaginitis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess associations between female and male factors and the risk of recurring Candida vulvovaginitis. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 148 women with Candida vulvovaginitis and 78 of their male sexual partners was conducted at two primary care practices in the Ann Arbor, Michigan, area. RESULTS: Thirty-three of 148 women developed at least one further episode of Candida albicans vulvovaginitis within 1 year of follow-up. Cultures of Candida species from various sites of the woman (tongue, feces, vulva, and vagina) and from her partner (tongue, feces, urine, and semen) did not predict recurrences. Female factors associated with recurrence included recent masturbating with saliva (hazard ratio 2.66 [95% CI 1.17-6.06]) or cunnilingus (hazard ratio 2.94 [95% CI 1.12-7.68]) and ingestion of two or more servings of bread per day (p </= 0.05). Male factors associated with recurrences in the woman included history of the male masturbating with saliva in the previous month (hazard ratio 3.68 [95% CI 1.24-10.87]) and lower age at first intercourse (hazard ratio 0.83 [95% CI 0.71-0.96]). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual behaviors, rather than the presence of Candida species at various body locations of the male partner, are associated with recurrences of C. albicans vulvovaginitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Pathologizing male sexuality: Lallemand, spermatorrhea, and the rise of circumcision.

Although spermatorrhea as a disease entity and an episode in nineteenth-century medical history has received significant scholarly attention over the past decade, many aspects of its nature, origins, and consequences remain obscure. The aim of this article is to indicate its origins in and links with medical anxiety about masturbation and to discuss the therapies devised to treat the condition. Particular attention is given to the work of Claude-Francois Lallemand and his influence on English doctors, especially William Acton, and the implications of their identification of the foreskin as the major risk factor for childhood masturbation and later spermatorrhea. It is further argued that fear of spermatorrhea was an important factor in the acceptance of circumcision as a valid medical intervention in the late nineteenth century.

Circumcision, Male↗
PubMed1982

The role of medical students' stereotype of physicians in sex education.

The way a medical student perceives the sexual attitudes of physicians may affect what is learned from medical school sex education and the manner in which such learning is applied later with patients. Medical students' personal sexual attitudes, their projections of physicians' and patients' attitudes, and the actual attitudes of a random sample of physicians were compared by analyzing data from a modified version of the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test, as completed by 136 sophomore and 43 senior (control group) medical students and 91 practicing physicians. The medical students believed physicians were more sexually ignorant and more conservative about masturbation than themselves but anticipated similar values about abortion and heterosexuality. In reality, the students were more conservative than physicians about abortion, were more liberal than physicians about masturbation and premarital and extramarital sex, and recognized more sexual misinformation. Students anticipated that physicians and patients maintain vastly different sexual attitudes, wherein patients were thought to be extremely sexually ignorant and conservative. These patterns of stereotypes were true for both sophomore and senior medical students, and the sex education course had virtually no impact on these trends. The relevance of student stereotypes for sexual health counseling is discussed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1993

Sex role separation in sexual diaries of homosexual men.

OBJECTIVE: To measure types of sex role prevalence in common and risk-related behaviours among gay men for modelling HIV transmission. DESIGN: Cohort study of 385 homosexually active men recording sexual diaries over 1-month periods. METHODS: Measures of incidence of behavioural sex roles for masturbation, fellatio, anal intercourse and anilingus by relationship type, derived from 1-month sexual diary data. RESULTS: Low behavioural role rigidity for masturbation and fellatio, but higher rigidity for anal intercourse and anilingus. Participants with no regular partner showed a relatively low frequency of anal intercourse, whereas those in closed relationships showed a high frequency. CONCLUSION: Although anal intercourse shows a certain degree of behavioural role rigidity, this rigidity is not large enough to conclude that gay men exclusively engage in either an active or a passive role. Typical rates for exclusive active and passive roles for anal intercourse during the month the diaries were recorded were in the range of 12-15%; the dual role was significantly higher.

Adolescent↗