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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Experimental study of liver dysfunction evaluated by direct indocyanine green clearance using near infrared spectroscopy.

BACKGROUND: Blood clearance of indocyanine green (ICG) is an objective test of liver function. Hepatic ICG clearance can now be measured directly using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The aim of this study was to evaluate measurement of hepatic ICG clearance by NIRS in an animal model of acute hepatic dysfunction. METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits (n = 36) underwent laparotomy for liver exposure. Hepatic blood flow and microcirculation were measured along with hepatic ICG concentration by NIRS. Hepatic ICG clearance was measured in groups of six animals after reduction of the hepatic blood flow by hepatic artery occlusion and portal vein partial occlusion, lobar ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R), colchicine administration and bile duct ligation. Hepatic ICG uptake and excretion rates were calculated by a non-linear least square curve fitting method from the ICG concentration-time curve. RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between hepatic ICG rate of uptake and both hepatic blood flow and microcirculation (r = 0.79, P = 0.0001; r = 0.59, P = 0.005 respectively). I/R resulted in a significant reduction of both the rates of ICG uptake (mean(s.d.) 0. 85(0.59) min-1; P = 0.0002 versus control) and ICG excretion (0. 020(0.006) min-1; P = 0.02 versus control). Colchicine decreased the rate of hepatic ICG excretion (0.030(0.010) min-1; P = 0.02 versus control) as did bile duct ligation (0.002(0.001) min-1; P = 0.01 versus control). CONCLUSION: Measurement of hepatic ICG clearance by NIRS is a promising technique for assessing hepatic parenchymal dysfunction and may have application in liver surgery and transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serotonin activity and liver dysfunction following hepatic ischemia and reperfusion.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytriptamine; 5-HT), which is stored in platelets, is known to induce vasoconstriction and promote platelet aggregation. More recent studies suggest that serotonin also plays a role in organ injury after ischemia and reperfusion. The purpose of this study was to characterize the role of 5-HT and platelet function in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Under the portocaval shunt, 60 or 90 min of complete warm ischemia of canine liver was induced by Pringle's maneuver, followed by reperfusion for 120 min. Time-matched, sham-operated animals served as controls. Hepatic tissue blood flow and various parameters of hepatic vein blood (ALT, LDH, platelet count and platelet aggregation) were measured before and after reperfusion. 5-HT levels in portal vein and hepatic vein were also assayed. Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion resulted in liver hypoperfusion, hepatocellular dysfunction, increased platelet aggregation, increased 5-HT levels, and hepatic microcirculation injury. These results suggest that the endogenous 5-HT released from platelet may contribute to liver tissue hypoperfusion following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2004

Liver dysfunction induced by bile duct ligation and galactosamine injection alters cardiac protein synthesis.

Liver disease has been shown to affect the cardiovascular system and may influence cardiac protein metabolism. This hypothesis was tested by measuring rates of cardiac protein synthesis in 2 models of liver disease in rats. The study consisted of 5 groups--group 1: control, injected with saline and fed ad libitum; group 2: acute liver injury, by dosage with 400 mg/kg galactosamine; group 3: injected with saline and pair-fed to group 2; group 4: chronic liver disease, using bile duct ligation; and group 5: sham-operated and pair-fed to group 4. Rates of cardiac protein synthesis were measured using the flooding dose technique. After 1 week, galactosamine injection caused the following cardiac changes, i.e. group (2) versus (3): an increased RNA content, RNA/DNA ratio, and RNA/protein ratio. However, there was no change in DNA or protein content, or protein/DNA ratio. There was an increase in the fractional rate of protein synthesis, and the absolute synthesis rate. Cellular efficiency was increased, but RNA activity remained unchanged. Comparison of groups 4 and 5 showed that bile duct ligation caused no change in any parameters measured. Although comparison of the ad libitum-fed group 1 with the bile duct ligation group 4 showed reduced cardiac weight, protein, and RNA content, with decreased right ventricular absolute synthesis rates; this was also seen in the pair-fed group 5, suggesting that these effects were due solely to reduced oral intake. Thus, although galactosamine-induced acute liver injury caused marked changes in cardiac biochemistry, bile duct ligation per se did not. This study also illustrates the importance of including a pair-fed group.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Serum bile acid concentrations as an indicator of liver dysfunction induced during danazol therapy.

The effects of danazol therapy (600 mg/day) on the liver function of 16 women with endometriosis were investigated. The primary bile acids (cholic acid [CA] and chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA]) were analyzed with radioimmunoassays in the fasting state and after a test meal. Also, the conventional liver function tests were performed. Ultrasonography was used to detect any possible changes in the gallbladder function. The fasting concentrations of CA increased (P less than 0.05) during therapy, while those of CDCA did not change. The ratio of CA/CDCA also increased (P less than 0.001). The maximal response of CA after the test meal increased (P less than 0.01) during the trial. As regards the other liver function tests, only the transaminases significantly increased (P less than 0.01) after 1 month of therapy but showed a tendency to decrease later during the trial. The gallbladder's volume and function did not change. All the parameters studied normalized within 1 month of cessation of danazol therapy. Danazol seems to have a rather mild effect on liver function. The analyzed parameters indicate transient cell wall injury and slight disturbances in liver cell uptake and secretion mechanism and also of synthesis activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Liver dysfunction and tea eating.

A case report is presented of a patient who had liver fibrosis, splenomegaly and ascites, associated with the habit of nibbling tea leaves. The splenomegaly and the ascites remitted when she ceased eating tea, but liver fibrosis is still present 15 years later. No other cause for the liver disorder was found.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enzyme diagnosis of liver dysfunction in acute myocardial infarct and its complications].

A complex of enzymatic tests, characterizing the liver function and cellular cytolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction of various severities (without complications and with various types of complications and outcomes) was used in examinations over the first week of the disease. Significant changes in five of the seven tested enzymes were found: aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, alanine aminotransferase, the degree and incidence of changes in their activities being the lowest in the patients with acute myocardial infarction without complications, higher in those with this condition with isolated complications, still higher in those with combined complications and a favorable outcome, and the highest in those with combined complications and a lethal outcome. Secondary hepatopathy in patients with acute myocardial infarction augments as the complications develop, particularly in arrhythmia, disordered conductivity, and combined complications. Measurements of glutamate dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase are recommended starting from the first day of the disease, of cholinesterase from the third day of the disease for a dynamic monitoring of the liver status in order to timely detect and correct hepatopathy and assess the status of patients with complicated acute myocardial infarction.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the efficacy of Melothria maderaspatana in the alleviation of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver dysfunction.

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the ability of Melothria maderaspatana to protect the livers of albino rats from carbon tetrachloride-mediated alterations in liver histopathology and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Treatment with an aqueous extract of Melothria aerial parts (either before or after CCl4 administration) markedly decreased CCl4-mediated alterations in liver histopathology as well as serum enzyme levels. Results provide supportive evidence for the folklore view that this plant is a good hepatotonic.

Alanine Transaminase↗