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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Metropolitan Forensic Anthropology Team (MFAT) case studies in identification: 2. Identification of a Vietnamese trophy skull.

A Vietnamese trophy skull, apparently a victim of the Vietnam war, was recently received for analysis in a New York State homicide case. The skull, which is well preserved except for the missing mandible and maxillary dentition, is compared to trophy skulls of Japanese military personnel, also brought back to the United States by American soldiers following wartime duty in Asia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Identification of canine T lymphocytes by membrane receptor to peanut agglutinin: T-lymphocyte identification in dogs with lupus-like syndrome.

Canine T lymphocytes were detected, using fluorescent peanut agglutinin (PNA) as a marker. Using a fluorescent technique and cytofluorometry, 70 +/- 11% and 72.4%, respectively, of peripheral blood lymphocytes were bound to PNA. Of thymocytes, 97 +/- 4.5% were detected by fluorescent PNA, but less than 1% were detected for lymphocytes from bone marrow. The T-lymphocyte depletion and enrichment indicated that PNA was bound to lymphocytes recognized by anti-T-lymphocyte heterologous serum. A T-lymphocyte deficiency was detected among 8 dogs with a lupus-like syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Purification and identification of mouse lung microvessel endothelial cell-derived chemoattractant for lung-metastasizing murine RAW117 large-cell lymphoma cells: identification as mouse monocyte chemotactic protein 1.

We reported recently that medium conditioned with mouse lung microvessel endothelial cells possessed chemotactic activity for a highly lung-metastatic variant (L17) of the RAW117 murine large-cell lymphoma cell line but not for the poorly metastatic parental cells (P) or a liver-metastasizing variant (H10). The chemotactic factor was purified to homogeneity by a five-step procedure involving hydrophobic interaction, Cibacron blue F3GA affinity, metal affinity, anion exchange, and reversed phase chromatography, followed by preparative gel electrophoresis. The purified material appeared as a single broad band when analyzed by SDS-PAGE, with an average molecular weight of 26,000. The factor was cleaved by cyanogen bromide treatment, and a partial amino acid sequence of one of the cleaved polypeptides proved identical to mouse monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (mMCP-1/JE). The amino acid composition of the factor also indicated similarity to mMCP-1/JE. Separately purified mMCP-1/JE significantly stimulated the chemotactic migration of RAW117 cells (L17 >> H10, P). When recombinant human monocyte chemotactic protein 1 was compared to the purified endothelial cell chemotactic factor as a chemoattractant, similar migratory responses were observed in the RAW117 sublines. The chemotactic activity for L17 cells was significantly reduced from lung microvessel endothelial cell-conditioned medium after treatment with anti-mouse MCP-1 antibody. In contrast, the migration-stimulating activity of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell-conditioned medium to H10 cells was not affected by anti-mouse MCP-1. A major function of mMCP-1/JE is to recruit monocytes to inflammatory sites, and our results suggest that mMCP-1/JE also facilitates lymphoma lung invasion and metastasis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[The gel centrifugation test: comparison of antibody identification at 37 degrees C with antibody identification at room temperature].

The indirect antiglobulin test (antibody screening) (IAT) using the 'DiaMed-ID Micro Typing System' (ID system) was performed in two different ways: (1) incubation (Liss/Coombs version) at room temperature (RT) and (2) incubation (also Liss/Coombs version) at 37 degrees C. 106 antibody-containing sera were tested by IAT at RT and at 37 degrees C. The comparison of the results showed a high correlation between both methods: 49 of 106 antibodies were positive in the IAT at both RT and 37 degrees C, 51 antibodies were negative at both temperatures. Five antibodies were identified only in IAT performed at RT. 1/106 antibodies of the specificity anti-D (Rh prophylaxis) was not detected in the antibody screening at RT and in the conventional tube test. The antibody screening at RT using the ID System could be performed simultaneously with AB0 blood group typing without losing sensitivity and specificity. The modification of IAT using the ID System is more sensitive than the conventional tube test.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed2002

A comparison of the performance of cystine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar with Oxoid chromogenic urinary tract infection (CUTI) medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of organisms from urine.

AIMS: As part of the UK antimicrobial resistance strategy and action plan, the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) is required to collect antibiotic susceptibility data so that resistance trends and patterns can be monitored. Most laboratories report urine Gram negative isolates, as "coliforms" according to morphological appearance, but without an acceptable identification system the antimicrobial surveillance data will be meaningless. Commercially available identification systems tend to be expensive and time consuming. Chromogenic agars, which claim to improve the detection of mixed cultures and identification of organisms from urine, have now become available and may provide a cost effective alternative. The primary aim of this study was to compare the performance of cystine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar with a chromogenic agar (Oxoid urinary tract infection medium; CUTI) in terms of isolation rates and ability to detect mixed cultures. Secondary aims were to evaluate the correlation of "presumptive" identification of isolates from chromogenic media with that of two commercial identification systems and to appraise the sensitivity of the semiquantitative loop and filter paper strip culture techniques. METHOD: One thousand, four hundred and sixty six urine samples were examined in four laboratories using the semiquantitative culture methods of 1 microl loop and filter paper strip. The degree of accuracy of organism identification was measured by comparing the presumptive identification using colony colour supplemented with simple bench tests, with identification obtained from two more complex commercial systems. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the performance of the loop and filter paper strip methods on the CLED agar, but the CUTI agar performed significantly better than the CLED agar for the detection of significant isolates and mixed cultures. This difference was greater using the loop method. Identification of the organisms using the commercial systems gave > 99% agreement and was therefore considered suitable as a standard against which to compare the presumptive CUTI identification. Using the manufacturer's colony colour criteria in combination with a bench indole test, the CUTI medium was 99% specific for Escherichia coli, although this was reduced to 97% if the indole test was omitted. Citrobacter spp were the most commonly misidentified organisms, giving false presumptive identification as E coli. By testing oxidase activity to differentiate Pseudomonas spp and the absence of indole production to support the identification of Proteus mirabilis, the CUTI medium provided a suitable identification for 86.8% of Gram negative isolates. The remaining 13.2% would require further identification. CONCLUSION: CUTI medium improves the detection of mixed cultures, thereby improving the reliability of reporting of significant isolates when compared with CLED agar. When supplemented with simple bench tests it provides an identification system capable of speciating 86.8% of Gram negative isolates and providing a valuable cost effective mechanism for antimicrobial resistance surveillance.

Agar↗
PubMed2001

Optimizing pretransfusion antibody detection and identification: a parallel, blinded comparison of tube PEG, solid-phase, and automated methods.

BACKGROUND: The ideal pretransfusion testing strategy identifies maximal significant antibodies at minimal cost. Objectives of this study were to compare the characteristics of three testing methods and determine their optimal incorporation into the following generic testing sequence: 1) screen, for antibodies 2) if results are positive, use primary identification method, 3) if results are inconclusive, use secondary identification method. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 2000 consecutive, unselected, coded specimens were tested with three screening methods-PEG IAT, manual and automated solid phase red cell adherence assay (SPRCA). Of 202 positive results, 187 were of sufficient volume and were tested with both PEG and manual SPRCA identification panels, yielding 82 with significant antibodies, plus one that was negative by both methods found on retrospective review of nonstudy results. Calculations were made on the 1985 volume-sufficient specimens, simulating the possible testing permutations. RESULTS: Manual SPRCA was the most sensitive antibody screen (67/83 = 81%) and the least specific (1840/1902 = 97%); automated SPRCA was the least sensitive (54/83 = 65%) and most specific (1883/1902 = 99%); and PEG was intermediate in both sensitivity (64/83 = 77%) and specificity (1860/1902 = 98%). Of the identification panels, manual SPRCA identified more antibodies than PEG (67 versus 66) but had more inconclusive results (41 versus 20). Of overall strategies, manual SPRCA screening with either sequence of identification methods identified the most antibodies (66). The combination of PEG screen, PEG identification, and manual SPRCA identification identified slightly fewer antibodies (63) but had the lowest reagent cost, total (reagent plus labor) cost, and cost per antibody identified. The sequence of automated SPRCA screening with manual SPRCA identification, and PEG identification had the lowest hands-on time. CONCLUSIONS: The most cost-effective pretransfusion strategy is PEG screen with PEG identification, plus manual SPRCA identification when PEG identification is inconclusive.

Antibodies↗
PubMed2003

Discrimination and identification of luminance contrast stimuli.

The goal of this study was to compare luminance contrast discrimination and polarity identification in the inferred Parvocellular (PC-) and Magnocellular (MC-) pathways. The position identification task tested ability to locate a contrast change within a stimulus. The polarity identification task tested ability to classify the contrast change as either brighter or darker. Three paradigms were employed to find these thresholds for the inferred MC- and PC-pathways: Pulsed-Pedestal, Steady-Pedestal and Pedestal-Delta-Pedestal. Position and polarity identification thresholds were the same for the Pulsed-Pedestal stimuli (inferred PC-pathway). The position identification thresholds were lower than the polarity identification thresholds for Steady-Pedestal stimuli (inferred MC-pathway). The position identification thresholds were lower than the polarity identification thresholds for Pedestal-Delta-Pedestal stimuli when the Delta-Pedestal contrast steps were sub-threshold or close to threshold. When the contrast steps were larger, position identification and polarity identification thresholds were similar for the Pedestal-Delta-Pedestal stimuli. Comparisons were also made between position identification and polarity identification thresholds for a short and a long stimulus presentation. There were no systematic differences dependent on presentation duration.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Changing identity: predicting adjustment to organizational restructure as a function of subgroup and superordinate identification.

We investigated a work-team restructure within an organization obtaining measures before and after the change occurred. Pre-restructure analyses revealed that, in addition to informational variables, subgroup identification (work-team) and superordinate identification (organization) were important predictors of negative feelings towards the restructure. The more that employees identified with the subgroup, the more negative feelings they reported about the upcoming change. In contrast, the higher the identification with the superordinate group, the less negative employees felt. Longitudinal analysis revealed that compared with the pre-restructure, post-restructure levels of work-team identification, organizational identification, job satisfaction and perceived work-team performance were significantly lower. Pre-restructure work-team identification was a stronger predictor of post-restructure job satisfaction than pre-restructure organizational identification. In addition, it was found that pre-restructure work-team identification and organizational identification had opposing effects on post-restructure organizational identification. There was some evidence that high initial organizational identification protected long-term organizational commitment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗