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PubMedDate not supplied

[Correlation between maternal hemoglobin levels and placental morphology and findings in newborn infants].

According to the criteria formulated by the WHO a hemoglobin concentration of 11 g/% represents an anaemia requiring treatment. 28 placentas of patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 7.2 to 10.9 g/% were examined morphometrically to detect possible disturbances of placental development. The patients had all delivered between the 37th and 41st week. Weight, hematocrit and HbA content of the newborn were correlated with the maternal hemoglobin content. There was no influence of maternal hemoglobin concentration on weight and size of the placenta, degree of vascularization and epithelial plates of the terminal villi. In patients with severe anaemia villous areas were smaller and villous vascular areas appeared larger than usual. The ratio of weight of the newborn to weight of the placenta was more commonly decreased in patients with anaemia. In some cases of severe anaemia fetal HbA values were elevated. All newborns with a hematocrit of 50 or more were delivered of mothers with haemoglobin concentrations of 9.5 g/% or less. The weight of all newborns in this study were above the 10th percentile. 7 of 9 newborns with a weight of 3,200 g or less were delivered of patients with a hemoglobin concentration of 9.5 g/% or less. These results indicate that placenta and fetal organ systems are able to compensate for the maternal anaemia without any major complications.

Anemia↗
PubMed2006

Hemoglobin level in elite speed skaters from 2000 up to 2005, and its relationship with competitive results.

We studied the mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in elite male and female long track junior and senior speed skaters from 2000 to 2005. In addition, the number of abnormal hematological findings observed over this period of time was investigated. We also studied whether there were differences in Hb concentration between top ranked and lower ranked skaters, and whether a relationship between Hb concentration and competitive results could be observed. The present study shows that the mean Hb level in male and female junior and senior long track speed skaters remained fairly stable and did not change from 2000 through 2005. The number and percentage of abnormal hematological findings were found to vary between 0 and 2 %, and failed to show a clear pattern or trend over the years. There was no difference in mean Hb levels between top ranked and lower ranked skaters, and no meaningful relationship between Hb concentration and ranking could be found.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Fetal hemoglobin levels in sickle cell disease and normal individuals are partially controlled by an X-linked gene located at Xp22.2.

Fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) production in sickle cell (SS) disease and in normal individuals varies over a 20-fold range and is under genetic control. Previous studies suggested that variant Hb F levels might be controlled by genetic loci separate from the beta-globin complex on chromosome 11. Using microscopic radial immunodiffusion and flow cytometric immunofluorescent assays to determine the percentage of F reticulocytes and F cells in SS and nonanemic individuals, we observed that F-cell levels were significantly higher in nonanemic females than males (mean +/- SD, 3.8% +/- 3.2% v 2.7% +/- 2.3%). F-cell production as determined by F reticulocyte levels in SS females was also higher than in SS males (17% +/- 10% v 13% +/- 8%). We tested the hypothesis that F-cell production in both normal and anemic SS individuals was controlled by an X-linked locus with two alleles, high (H) and low (L). Using an algorithm to determine the 99.8% confidence interval of a normal distribution in nonanemic individuals, we estimated that males and females with at least one H allele had greater than 3.3% F cells. Comparisons of male-male or female-female SS sib pairs with discordant F reticulocyte levels distinguished two phenotypes in SS males (L, less than 12%; H, greater than 12%) and three phenotypes in SS females (LL, less than 12%; HL, 12% to 24%, HH greater than 24%). Linkage analysis using polymorphic restriction sites along the X chromosome in eight SS and one AA family localized the F-cell production (FCP) locus to Xp22.2, with a maximum lod score (logarithm of odds of linkage v independent assortment) of 4.6 at a recombination fraction of 0.04.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Early intervention with epoetin alfa during platinum-based chemotherapy: an analysis of the results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial based on initial hemoglobin level.

OBJECTIVE: This analysis of the results of a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the effects of epoetin alfa (EPO) therapy on transfusion requirements, hemoglobin (Hb), and quality of life (QOL) in patients with cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy was conducted to evaluate the effect of initial Hb level on study outcomes. METHODS: Patients with Hb levels < or =12.1 g/dl were randomized 2:1 to receive EPO, 10,000 U three times weekly s.c. or best supportive care (BSC) until 4 weeks after their last chemotherapy cycle. For this analysis, patients were stratified by baseline Hb level (< or =9.7 g/dl, >9.7 g/dl to < or =10.5 g/dl, >10.5 g/dl to < or =11.3 g/dl, and >11.3 g/dl to < or =12.1 g/dl), and study results were reanalyzed. RESULTS: Significantly fewer EPO patients than BSC patients with initial Hb levels >9.7 g/dl to < or =12.1 g/dl required transfusions. EPO maintained Hb levels throughout the study for patients with Hb levels >11.3 g/dl to < or =12.1 g/dl, compared with a decrease with BSC. For patients with baseline Hb levels >10.5 g/dl, for whom the mean changes from baseline to last assessment were measured by the Cancer Linear Analogue Scale assessments of energy and overall QOL as well as by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT)-Fatigue and FACT-An Anemia subscale, QOL scores were significantly greater with EPO than with BSC. QOL declined in patients receiving BSC, and the mean decreases in QOL scores were greater for BSC patients with baseline Hb levels >10.5 g/dl, compared with the overall BSC group. CONCLUSION: In patients with cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy and with baseline Hb levels >10.5 g/dl, early intervention with EPO reduces transfusions, maintains Hb level, and maintains or improves QOL. This study supports the positive effects of early intervention when analyzed according to initial Hb value.

Adult↗