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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Sonographic heat generation in vivo in the gravid long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis).

Temperature elevations that occur during diagnostic ultrasonic exposure were assessed in vivo in gravid macaques after 10, 20, or 30 min (scan mode; N = 30) or 5, 10, or 15 min (pulsed Doppler; N = 32). Five time points were assessed during the second and third trimesters (gestational days 70 to 150 +/- 2; term, approximately 165 days) using a transient thermocouple technique. Measurements were obtained intracranially or at the muscle-bone interface using a commercial sector scanner (ATL MK 600, 7.5 MHz scanhead; scan mode, ISPTA) = 27 mW/cm2, ISPPA = 85 W/cm2, pulse repetition frequency (PRF) = 1 kHz; pulsed Doppler - ISPTA = 54 mW/cm2, ISPPA = 1.5 W/cm2, PRF = 18.5 kHz). Overall, the greatest temperature elevation achieved with either modality or location was 0.6 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Use of an infusion-baited gravid trap to collect adult Ochlerotatus japonicus.

Ochlerotatus japonicus adults have proven difficult to collect in significant numbers in the USA. Standard trapping and collection methods have been ineffective. Infusion-baited gravid traps, typically intended to attract Culex spp., have provided the greatest number and most consistent supply of Oc. japonicus adults collected in New Jersey.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Studies on the integument of cestodes. VI. Histochemical studies on the fate of structural polysaccharide in the integument of gravid proglottides of Taenia hydatigena.

Histochemical study of the structural polysaccharide in the integument of gravid proglottides revealed that the main cuticle is only feebly positive to PAS reaction when compared with that of other regions of the cestode body. The significance of such change in the PAS reaction has been discussed. It was observed that there is no change in the acid mucopolysaccharide of the outer layer of the integument.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed2003

Widespread cutaneous involvement by invasive Apophysomyces elegans in a gravid patient following trauma.

Invasive infections in humans with organisms from the fungal subclass Zygomycetes are most commonly seen in immunocompromised and diabetic patients. Rarely, such fungal infections may be seen in immunocompetent, nondiabetic individuals. In these cases, cutaneous trauma with direct implantation of fungal organisms into the wound from soil contamination is the frequent scenario. We present the case of a 31-year-old gravid woman involved in a single-vehicle automobile accident who presented to our institution with severe head trauma. On admission, a small ecchymotic area on her right forearm was noted. The lesion eventually expanded and ulcerated. Culture and histologic examination of tissue from the site revealed fungal organisms consistent with Zygomycetes. Subsequent studies confirmed the fungal organism as Apophysomyces elegans. Antifungal therapy was initiated, and multiple debridements were performed. Amputation of the right arm above the elbow was eventually necessary, but aggressive surgical intervention and antifungal therapy were unsuccessful in preventing the spread of the infection. The patient died 2 weeks after admission from polymicrobial sepsis. This case illustrates the dangerously invasive nature of A elegans, even in immunocompetent individuals.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychosomatic assessment in patients with gravidic hyperemesis].

Thirty female subjects examined in the first three months of pregnancy took part in the study. Ten of these suffered from severe gravidic hyperemesis, while twenty had a physiological pregnancy. All subjects with hyperemesis and six controls were subjected to measurement of cortisolaemia at the following times: 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 4.00 so as to obtain the circadian curve of the hormone, measurement of T3 and T4 and of TSH. The Cattell test in form C was carried out in all patients. The results obtained evidenced a global increase in the production of cortisol in the group of hyperemetic women, with maintenance of the circadian rhythm. The Cattell test identified characteristic personality traits in the subjects suffering from hyperemesis compared to the controls.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human dirofilariasis: discovery of a gravid female of Dirofilaria repens in a subcutaneous nodule].

A case of human subcutaneous dirofilariasis occurred in a 53 years old woman from Scafati (Salerno province). It was localized in the left submammary region. The patient was operated 16 years ago for a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. For this reason a metastasis was clinically suspected. The histological examination revealed the presence of a granulomatous nodule formed around a Dirofilaria repens gravid female in the subcutaneous tissue. The presence of microfilariae in the uterus of the nematode would suggest that also a mature male was present at the same time in the patient, although it was not possible to localise it. Haematic eosinophilia was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Post gravidic superior sagittal sinus thrombosis with elevated levels of homocystinemia.

Cerebral ischemia in the young (less than 45 years) is an uncommon finding, its ethiology remaining undefined in up to half of cases even if all the common diagnostic paths have been followed. Pregnancy and puerperium are characterised by an increased risk of ischemic stroke and intracranial venous thrombosis. We present a case of a young woman with post gravidic thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, occurred 10 days after eutocic delivery. She presented elevated plasma levels of homocystinemia, a sulphur containing amino acid that induce complex changes within the blood vessel wall, acting with an oxidative stress and with a reduction of nitric oxide availability. This clinical case suggests that a complete screening for thrombophilic risk factors should be an integral part in the diagnostic path of central venous thrombosis in young patients also in the puerperium, because it allows to identify thrombophilic risk factors requiring specific treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Malaria in pregnant Cameroonian women: the effect of age and gravidity on submicroscopic and mixed-species infections and multiple parasite genotypes.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods were used to investigate malaria in pregnant women residing in Yaounde, Cameroon. Microscopy and species-specific PCR-based diagnosis show that at delivery 82.4% of the women were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (27.5% blood-smear positive and 54.9% submicroscopic infections). The prevalence of P. malariae and P. ovale was 7.6% and 2.5%, respectively, with 9.4% infected with more than one species. Based on genotyping of the merozoite surface protein 1 (msp-1) and msp-2 alleles, the mean number of genetically different P. falciparum parasites in peripheral blood was 3.4 (range = 1-9) and 3.5 (range 1-8) in the placenta. Plasmodium falciparum detected by microscopy and PCR as well as mixed-species infections were significantly higher in women < or = 20 years old and paucigravidae, but maternal anemia was associated only with microscopic detection of parasites. Neither submicroscopic infections nor number of parasite genotypes decreased significantly with age or gravidity. Thus, pregnancy-associated immunity helps reduce malaria to submicroscopic levels, but does not reduce the number of circulating parasite genotypes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Rupture of gravid uterus: a eight-year clinical analysis and review of the literature.

Nine cases of ruptured gravid uterus occurred at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from July 1983 to June 1991. The incidence is 1/3871. Six (66.7%) of the nine cases of uterine rupture involved rupture of intact uteri. The remaining three (33.3%) occurred in uteri scarred by a previous cesarean-section. The common contributing factor to rupture of an intact uterus was injudicious use of a uterine stimulant; whereas the common etiology of rupture of a scarred uterus was a previous scar rupture or dehiscence. In this series, there was no maternal mortality; however, three (33.3%) of the infants died. The fetal death rate was higher with rupture of an intact uterus, 50.0%, as opposed to 0% with rupture of a scarred uterus. Abnormal labor course and clinical features (palpable fetal part or regression of head, profound shock and cessation of uterine contraction) were the important tools for early diagnosis of uterine rupture. Mortality rates for the mother and fetus can be decreased with a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and immediate surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[31-year-old gravid woman of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome associated with HELLP syndrome after labor].

We report on a 31-year-old gravid woman with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) associated with HELLP syndrome. The patient was hospitalized and underwent an emergency cesarean section at the 34th week of pregnancy due to severe toxemia. After labor her blood pressure acutely increased to 180/100 mmHg and a generalized convulsion occurred. Laboratory data revealed hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets, consistent with HELLP syndrome. FLAIR and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient images on MRI showed hyperintense lesions bilaterally in the posterior white matter, however Diffusion-Weighted images revealed slightly hyperintense changes in the same locations. With the use of diltiazem for blood pressure control, and anticonvulsants, convulsions disappeared and consciousness level improved. Moreover the MRI abnormalities also improved after therapy. This case was diagnosed as RPLS associated with HELLP syndrome and is the first case of an investigation utilizing Diffusion-Weighted and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient images to establish this diagnosis. Based on these results, possible mechanisms of RPLS may be vasogenic edema mediated by a cerebrovascular endothelial disturbance of cerebral vessels and a rapid blood-pressure increase due to HELLP syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Incarceration of a retroflexed, gravid uterus from severe uterine prolapse: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Acute urinary retention as a result of incarceration of a retroflexed, gravid uterus is a known phenomenon. However, prolapse as a risk factor has not been previously described. CASE: A 40-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 2, with an intrauterine gestation of 19 weeks presented to the emergency room complaining of inability to void for the previous 12 hours and difficulty voiding and constipation for the previous 6 weeks. She had a history significant for stage III uterine prolapse in early pregnancy. Foley catheterization yielded 800 mL of urine, and an examination revealed a retroflexed uterus. The cervix was displaced anteriorly behind the pubic symphysis. Ultrasound confirmed these findings and the presence of a viable gestation. The uterus was successfully manually displaced under epidural anesthesia. The patient was able to void without difficulty after uterine displacement. CONCLUSION: Incarceration of a retroflexed uterus should be considered in the differential diagnosis in any woman who presents with voiding difficulty in the late first or second trimester. Uterine prolapse is a risk factor for incarceration of a retroflexed uterus. Epidural anesthesia should be considered for a patient if manual uterine displacement cannot be performed successfully without anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Dental management of the gravid patient.

Gravidity is defined as the development of the young in utero. It initiates hormonal, psychological and physiological changes in the female patient, providing the dentist with many questions about the management of these patients. These physiologic alterations, as well as the embryologic development of the fetus, will be discussed along with the treatment alterations that should be considered. The changes are often subtle, but can lead to disastrous complications if proper precautions are not taken. Conversely, appropriate management of routine and dental emergencies can be denied by the practitioner because of misconceptions about pregnancy and fetal tolerance. Anesthetic and pharmacology of agents used in dentistry in treating the pregnant patient will be reviewed.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1991

Rupture of the gravid uterus: a review.

A total of 105 patients were treated for ruptured gravid uteri at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya, over a five year period, January, 1984 to December, 1988. During the same period, there were 44,156 deliveries, giving an incidence of uterine rupture of 1:425 deliveries. Of these, records for 95 patients were traced and analysed, and the results are presented here. Majority (61.0%) of these patients were aged less than 30 years, and 62.1% were gravida 5 or less. 54 (56.8%) of them had rupture of scarred uteri, 33 (34.7%) had spontaneous rupture, while 8 (8.4%) had traumatic rupture. 56 (59.0%) ruptured while at the Kenyatta National Hospital. Repair of the uterus without tubal ligation was the treatment offered to most of them, while total abdominal hysterectomy was rarely done. The perinatal case fatality rate was 60% and there were two maternal deaths giving a maternal case fatality rate of 2.1%. Factors associated with uterine rupture at the Kenyatta National Hospital are discussed, and possible ways of reducing the incidence suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Surgery in a gravid patient.

A review of salient points in the evaluation and treatment of the gravid patient is presented. Emphasis is on problems arising in the practice of oral surgery. The physiologic mechanisms that form the basis for treatment planning rationale are elucidated.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1988

Estimation of nongravid uterine volume based on a nomogram of gravid uterine volume: its value in gynecologic uterine abnormalities.

To facilitate accurate and standard methods of reporting pathologic uterine corpus enlargement, we constructed a nomogram using the gravid uterine corpus volumes from five to 20 weeks' gestation in 186 patients. The volume was calculated by measuring the maximum length and anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the uterine corpus, and using the formula for the volume of a prolate ellipsoid: V = 0.52 X (L X AP X T). Clinicians can use the nomogram for better understanding in assessing uterine volume.

Female↗
PubMed1988

The effect of vasopressor agents upon uterine artery blood flow velocity in the gravid guinea pig subjected to ritodrine infusion.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of intravenously administered vasopressors upon uterine artery blood flow velocity (UBFV) in the gravid guinea pig subjected to ritodrine infusion. Fourteen experiments were performed in 14 chronically instrumented pregnant guinea pigs near term. Immediately following a 1-h intravenous infusion of ritodrine (0.05-0.20 mg.kg.min-1), each animal received an intravenous bolus of vasopressor solution: 1) epinephrine, 0.001 mg/kg; 2) phenylephrine, 0.01 mg/kg; 3) mephentermine, 1.0 mg/kg; 4) ephedrine, 1.0 mg/kg; or 5) placebo. The experimental sequence was performed five times, so that each animal received all five solutions. The vasopressor sequence was randomly altered between animals. Infusion of ritodrine increased maternal heart rate 18 +/- 1% (P less than .0001), decreased maternal mean arterial pressure (MMAP) 4 +/- 1% (P less than .01), and decreased UBFV 5 +/- 1% (P less than .001). The four active vasopressor solutions resulted in similar, though not equivalent, increases in MMAP. Further, the MMAP response to each active vasopressor differed from the response to placebo (P less than .0001). Epinephrine and phenylephrine each significantly decreased UBFV (P less than .002). Ephedrine clearly preserved UBFV, whereas mephentermine appeared to result in an intermediate response.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Nifedipine or verapamil counteracts hypertension in gravid ewes.

Hypertension frequently complicates endotracheal intubation in the severely preeclamptic parturient. The calcium entry-blocking drugs nifedipine (N) and verapamil (V) are effective antihypertensive agents in nonpregnant patients. The authors studied the maternal and fetal hemodynamic effects of these drugs in chronically instrumented gravid ewes made hypertensive with an infusion of norepinephrine (NE). Initially NE was infused to increase maternal mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 20%. The NE infusion was continued and either N, 2 mg, or V, 10 mg, was administered intravenously. MAP decreased promptly to control values following both drugs. Maternal heart rate (MHR) decreased significantly following NE infusion. MHR returned to control values following V administration, and increased significantly above control following N administration. Uterine blood flow decreased 50-60% during NE infusion, and there was no further change following either N or V. Fetal hemodynamics were unchanged throughout the study. These results suggest that both N and V may be effective antihypertensive agents in the parturient. V did not produce maternal tachycardia and may be the preferable drug.

Animals↗