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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Fixation of displaced subcapital femoral fractures. Compression screw fixation versus double divergent pins.

One hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients with displaced subcapital fractures of the femoral neck (Garden Grade III or IV) all under 80 years of age and independently mobile, were randomly allocated to fixation with either double divergent pins or a single sliding screw-plate device. The incidence of non-union and infection in the sliding screw-plate group was significantly higher, and we believe that when internal fixation is considered appropriate multiple pinning should be used. Mobility after treatment was disappointing in about half of the patients, and we feel that internal fixation can only be justified in patients who are physiologically well preserved and who maintain a high level of activity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Stability of extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy: plate fixation versus maxillomandibular/skeletal suspension wire fixation.

The objective of this cephalometric study was to evaluate skeletal stability and time course of postoperative changes in 2 groups of mandibular prognathism patients following extraoral oblique vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO). One group (n = 22) received maxillomandibular fixation and skeletal suspension wires (MMF group) for a period of 8 weeks. In the other group (n = 22), the segments were rigidly fixed with plates and the patients were allowed to function immediately after surgery. Lateral cephalograms were taken on 5 occasions: immediately presurgical, immediately postsurgical, 8 weeks postsurgical, 6 months postsurgical, and 1 year postsurgical. During the first 8 weeks after surgery, the MMF group demonstrated posterior movement of the mandible, with an increase in mandibular plane angle, shortening of the rami, and dental compensations. Upon release of MMF and skeletal suspension wiring, a small anterior relapse tendency was observed, but the net setback 1 year after surgery was still greater than the actual surgical setback. In the plate fixation group, postoperative changes were mainly in the form of a small anterior relapse tendency in the range of 10% of the surgical setback. The results indicate that the use of plate fixation with VRO, while eliminating the inconvenience for the patient of several weeks of MMF and preventing the early side effects observed in the MMF group, also resulted in a more predictable surgical procedure, with excellent stability 1 year after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A biomechanical study of femoral neck fracture fixation with the VHS Vari-Angle Hip Fixation System.

Femoral neck fracture fixation with a new device, the VHS Vari-Angle Hip Fixation System (Biomet Orthopaedics Inc, Warsaw, IN), was studied in 14 fresh-frozen cadaver femurs. A Pauwels class III fracture was simulated in these femurs. Seven femurs were fixed by placing the screw at a high (150 degrees) angle to the femoral axis; the other 7 femurs were fixed by placing the screw at a low (135 degrees) angle to the femoral axis. Mean compressive failure load was found to be significantly higher for the high-angle group than for the low-angle group. We concluded that compared with a low-angle screw placement (135 degrees), high-angle screw placement (150 degrees) results in a biomechanically stronger fixation.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Percalcar Steinmann's pins fixation of intratrochaner fixation fracture. Clinical observation].

80 cases of intratrochaner fractures were treated by fixation of 4 Steinmann's pins which were 3.5 mm in diameter and inserted percutaneously through the calcar and compression trabeculae and distension trabeculae respectively. They were compared with the cases treated by skeletal traction or fixed by Nail-plate or angle plate. The rate of bony union in fixed position in the percalcar Steinmann's pins group was 83.7%. Normal neck-shaft angle accounted to 53.1% in the traction group. Varus deformity occurred in 16.3% cases of the Steinmann's pins group, and 35.9% cases of the traction group. The deformity was most frequently seen in cases of type IIIa and IV. No fixation failure occurred in the Steinmann's pins group. The Steinmann's pins passing through the outer cortex, calcar and compression trabeculae produced strong fixation and it's direction was in parallel to the weight-bearing line of the hip, with less shearing force and much compression force distributed on the fracture line. The operation was done under local anesthesia. No blood transfusion and early mobilization were the advantages of this method.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Fixation of the cervical spine with a new halo fixation system].

The stable fixation of the cervical spine by means of a halo external fixator is superior in terms of stability compared with alternative methods. A new Halo external fixator system is being introduced which enables uncomplicated handling with which optimal possibilities for positional correction are achieved by means of lockable ball joints. By using carbon enhanced connection rods radiolucency is given.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1990

Medial external fixation with lateral plate internal fixation in metaphyseal tibia fractures. A report of eight cases associated with severe soft-tissue injury.

Eight patients with unstable fractures involving the articular surface and metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone of the proximal or distal tibia associated with severe soft-tissue injury or compounding wound were treated with irrigation, debridement, tetanus inoculation, antibiotic prophylaxis, and combined internal fixation with one-half frame external skeletal fixation for neutralization. All patients were followed to complete healing and functional restoration of the extremity. All fractures healed, but one superficial and one deep infection occurred. All patients achieved at least 110 degrees of knee motion. This method should be considered in unstable metaphyseal and articular tibia fractures not adequately stabilized with a lateral plate in which use of an additional medial plate is required for stability, but contraindicated because of the status of the soft tissues or extensive comminution of the bone.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2006

A technique for medial canthal fixation using resorbable poly-L-lactic acid-polyglycolic acid fixation kit.

Achieving secure bony fixation of medial canthus is a challenge. We used a resorbable poly-L-lactic acid-polyglycolic acid screw (LactoSorb office fixation kit) in 5 cases: 2 with traumatic medial canthal dystopia, 1 with scleroderma and orbital fat atrophy causing malapposition of the medial canthus to globe, and 2 with invasive medial canthal tumors necessitating subtotal medial orbital exenteration. The resorbable screw with preplaced suture was drilled into the medial orbital wall, using a handheld self-drilling tap. The preplaced suture was used to anchor the medial canthus. We achieved satisfactory canthal position in all 5 cases. There were no complications in 4 cases during a mean +/- SD follow-up of 11.3 +/- 6 months; however, the scleroderma case developed wound dehiscence 6 weeks after surgery. The LactoSorb kit is a safe and effective technique to achieve bony medial canthal fixation in carefully selected cases.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed2004

Deep brain stimulation lead fixation: a comparative study of the Navigus and Medtronic burr hole fixation device.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent of lead movement based on the type of burr hole fixation device used to secure the lead (Image-Guided Neurologics [IGN], Navigus versus Medtronic [Model 7495-51]). A randomized, blinded design of lead movement measurement was used. METHODS: A clinical series of 58 individuals undergoing placement of a deep brain stimulation (DBS) system with a total of 71 operative sides were examined. Lead position was compared between 71 paired, sagital, digitized X-rays of lead position immediately before and after the lead was secured to the basecap. Lead movement was measured in a randomized, blinded fashion using the Siemens measurement tool at an 8x magnification rate. The presurgical planned target centered at the cross hatch of the reticules on a lateral X-ray served as the reference point to determine lead movement. RESULTS: The overall mean lead movement was significantly less using the IGN (1.9 mm), as compared to the Medtronic (3.3 mm), fixation device. Moreover, the pattern of lead movement was significantly different between the two devices. That is, the majority of measured movements using IGN device was in the superior direction (74%), whereas the opposite was true for the Medtronic device (i.e., 62% with inferior movement). CONCLUSION: The IGN burr hole fixation device is associated with significantly less movement when securing the lead. Probable mechanisms of movement are discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1998

Fixation elements on plate intraocular lens: large positioning holes to improve security of capsular fixation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate in rabbit eyes the effects of large positioning holes in one-piece silicone plate-haptic intraocular lenses (IOLs) with respect to security of capsular bag fixation. Mechanical strength of capsular fixation is correlated with the histologic findings of regenerating lens material and fibrous tissue ingrowth through the positioning holes on silicone plate IOLs, comparing capsules implanted with large-hole style plate IOLs to fellow capsules implanted with small-hole style plate IOLs. DESIGN: The study design was a prospective, randomized, experimental study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 40 fellow capsular bags from 20 New Zealand white rabbits were examined. Capsules implanted with conventional small-hole silicone plate IOLs were used as the control in all pairs of fellow capsules. INTERVENTION: Phacoemulsification and implantation of a silicone plate IOL with small positioning holes in one eye and implantation of a silicone plate IOL with large positioning holes in the fellow eye were measured. All rabbits were killed at 2 months. The force required to extract the IOLs from the capsular bag was measured. All capsular bags underwent histopathologic analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Extraction force measurements and histopathologic examination, comparing capsules implanted with small-hole plate IOLs with fellow capsules implanted with large-hole plate IOLs, were measured. RESULTS: The large-hole style IOL required significantly more force to extract from the capsular bag compared to the conventional small-hole style (P = 0.003). Histologically, proliferating lens epithelial material and fibrous tissue were observed growing through all of the large positioning holes (synechia formation) but not through any of the small positioning holes. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone plate IOLs with large positioning holes become affixed more firmly within the capsular bag compared to conventional small-hole plate IOLs. These findings suggest that large holes in silicone plate IOLs allow for superior capsular bag fixation. This should reduce the rates of decentration and dislocation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Vault fixation by fascial sling (Williams-Richardson technique) or sacrospinous/sacrotubed fixation (Amreich-Richter technique) - Is there a difference in indications?].

There are many techniques in the treatment of female genital descent. We analysed sacrospinous/sacrotuberal fixation in comparison to abdominal fixation using fascial slings. One of the aims of the study presented was to determine whether there is a differentiation in indications in the use of either technique. There was no difference in recurrence rates, stress incontinence did not occur in a significant number of cases postoperatively. Recovery was different in both techniques. Apparently the fascial sling technique is effective in cases where intraabdominal surgery has to be performed at the same time and descent is limited to the upper third of the vagina. The use of sacrospinous/sacrotuberal fixation is only limited by simultaneous appearance of excessive lateral detachment defect. It seems to be most effective in cases where larger recto-enteroceles have to be treated at the same time. A lateral defect has to be approached differently in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Probability of fixation and mean fixation time of an overdominant mutation.

The probability of fixation of an overdominant mutation in a finite population depends on the equilibrium gene frequency in an infinite population (m) and the product (A) of population size and selection intensity. If m < 0.5 (disadvantageous overdominant genes), the probability is generally much lower than that of neutral genes; but if m is close to 0.5 and A is relatively small, it becomes higher. If m > 0.5 (advantageous overdominant genes), the probability is largely determined by the fitness of heterozygotes rather than that of mutant homozygotes. Thus, overdominance enhances the probability of fixation of advantageous mutations. The average number of generations until fixation of an overdominant mutation also depends on m and A. This average time is long when m is close to 0.5 but short when m is close to 0 or 1. This dependence on m and A is similar to that of Robertson's retardation factor.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed2002

Effects of distally fixated versus nondistally fixated leg extensor resistance training on knee pain in the early period after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nondistally fixated (ie, what is often referred to as "open kinetic chain" [OKC]) knee extensor resistance training appears to have lost favor for some forms of rehabilitation due partly to concerns that this exercise will irritate the extensor mechanism. In this randomized, single-blind clinical trial, nondistally fixated versus distally fixated (ie, often called "closed kinetic chain" [CKC]) leg extensor training were compared for their effects on knee pain. SUBJECTS: Forty-three patients recovering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery (34 male, 9 female; mean age=29 years, SD=7.9, range=16-54). METHODS: Knee pain was measured at 2 and 6 weeks after ACL reconstruction surgery using visual analog scales in a self-assessment questionnaire and during maximal isometric contractions of the knee extensors. Between test sessions, subjects trained 3 times per week using either OKC or CKC resistance of their knee and hip extensors as part of their physical therapy. RESULTS: No differences in knee pain were found between the treatment groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Open kinetic chain and CKC leg extensor training in the early period after ACL reconstruction surgery do not differ in their immediate effects on anterior knee pain. Based on these findings, further studies are needed using different exercise dosages and patient groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Extensor tendon rupture after internal fixation of a distal radius fracture using a dorsally placed AO/ASIF titanium pi plate. Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation.

Extensor tenosynovitis has been reported as a complication of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO/ASIF) pi plate. The authors present a case of extensor tendon rupture after internal fixation with a pi plate after one of the screws in the distal limb loosened. This mechanism of extensor tendon rupture has not been reported previously. With appropriate prevention, monitoring, and intervention this complication could have been avoided. Schnur DP, Chang B. Extensor tendon rupture after internal fixation of a distal radius fracture using a dorsally placed AO/ASIF titanium pi plate.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1993

Occipitocervical arthrodesis using contoured plate fixation. An early report on a versatile fixation technique.

A simple, inexpensive, and rigid technique for occipitocervical fixation was evaluated in 14 patients with occipitocervical instability. Posterior arthrodeses of the occipitocervical region were performed using pelvic reconstruction plates and screws as internal fixation devices. At follow-up, which averaged 11.7 months, all patients had fused with minimal complications. This versatile technique, readily adapted to complex deformities and extensible for subaxial fixation, was reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Atrial fixation leads--a visual aid confirming actual fixation.

Various active fixation mechanisms are available for atrial lead implantation. Confirmation of actual fixation of the lead tip in the myocardium is sometimes difficult with standard techniques such as fluoroscopy. Our observation of organized clockwise/counterclockwise motions of the fixation stylet in synchrony with atrial systole confirms adequate positioning of the Accufix model #330-801 atrial lead in the right atrial appendage, which is helpful when the screw is difficult to visualize under fluoroscopy. This observation was confirmed in nine patients.

Electrodes, Implanted↗
PubMed1982

Localized Tetrazolium Reduction in Relation to N(2) Fixation, CO(2) Fixation, and H(2) Uptake in Aquatic Filamentous Cyanobacteria.

The aquatic filamentous cyanobacteria Anabaena oscillarioides and Trichodesmium sp. reveal specific cellular regions of tetrazolium salt reduction. The effects of localized reduction of five tetrazolium salts on N(2) fixation (acetylene reduction), CO(2) fixation, and H(2) utilization were examined. During short-term (within 30 min) exposures in A. oscillarioides, salt reduction in heterocysts occurred simultaneously with inhibition of acetylene reduction. Conversely, when salts failed to either penetrate or be reduced in heterocysts, no inhibition of acetylene reduction occurred. When salts were rapidly reduced in vegetative cells, CO(2) fixation and H(2) utilization rates decreased, whereas salts exclusively reduced in heterocysts were not linked to blockage of these processes. In the nonheterocystous genus Trichodesmium, the deposition of reduced 2,3,5-triphenyl-2-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) in the internal cores of trichomes occurs simultaneously with a lowering of acetylene reduction rates. Since TTC deposition in heterocysts of A. oscillarioides occurs contemporaneously with inhibition of acetylene reduction, we conclude that the cellular reduction of this salt is of use in locating potential N(2)-fixing sites in cyanobacteria. The possible applications and problems associated with interpreting localized reduction of tetrazolium salts in cyanobacteria are presented.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Illi intracranial pressure monitoring and fixation device. A new fixation system for intracranial pressure monitoring in children and adolescents in paediatric neurotraumatology, hydrocephalus and craniofacial surgery.

Fixation and positioning of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring devices in small children with very thin skull bones pose serious problems. We present a new ICP fixation device with two movable components compressing the skull bone from in- and outside. This new fixation system, designed by PD Dr. O.E. Illi and licensed by White Spot AG, Surgical Tools and Research, Baar, Switzerland, guarantees far greater stability and reliability than conventional screws or bolts. It is fully compatible with a range of fiberoptic or pneumatic transducer systems. We have applied this new device successfully in 10 patients.

Adolescent↗