Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Federated Learning”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The epidemiology of suicide and attempted suicide].

Since more than one century suicides have been registered in national statistics of death causes. They thus furnish one of the few parameters of psychiatrically relevant behaviour by means of which trends, cohort, age-group and period effects can be studied over longer periods. Since the second half of last century, the suicide rates for Swiss males--similar to those found in England and Wales--show a decrease in consecutive birth cohorts up to males born in the decade 1930-1940, and a continued decline in the total trend until about World War II. From then on the suicide rates of males in consecutive birth cohorts have been slowly increasing in the majority of European and North American countries--but not so in Sweden. Opposite to this, the predominantly low rates for females display little change. Further to the considerable differences between nations and the predominance of suicides committed by females in some Asian countries and Cuba, the changes indicate the significance of cultural and economic environmental factors. Typical period effects are mainly the result of changes in conception and conditions of life. In attempted suicide they proceed in a more sensitive and more rapid way and are about ten times higher. Such a period effect showing increases by about 300% in younger age-groups followed by a decline, attaining its peak about 1976, was ascertained in large cities of the Federal Republic of Germany. By the example of the effects of a television serial, the study of causal processes turning collective environmental factors into individual suicidal behaviour, proved that regularities are effective in learning by a process of modelling. Besides, the epidemiological data give essential hints how to treat suicidal behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[On cytotherapy and cytotherapeutists (author's transl)].

Arguments used by advocates and opponents of Cytotherapy, supported by numerous quotations are set against each other. Any agreement is made rather difficult by attitudes of Cytotherapeutists which are characterized by pseudoscientific reasoning. Coarse examples of this particular way of arguing are given. Furthermore, indication inventories appear vastly exaggerated, documentation is incomplete, judgment of alleged successes and incidents are highly disputable, and angry reactions against learned critics were published. Since alleged successes could not be proved on examination, and because of lack of any scientific proof of efficiency, the warning of the Scientific Advisory Board of the German Federal Arztekammer issued in 1976 must be considered as well-founded. The same goes for the 1972 Federal Social Court's ruling which excludes any reward by social health insurance bodies of expenses incurred by Cytotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The impact of professional liability on dermatologists.

Familiarity with and adherence to the above principles may not make you claim- or judgment-proof, but they should improve patient care in your office and decrease your exposure to medicolegal interventions. Always bear in mind that medical practice is not a right conferred upon you by virtue of your medical degree, but rather a privilege granted you by state statute and licensure. Inherent in this privilege are the following: 1. That you remain familiar with and comply with all state and federal laws governing the practice of medicine. 2. That you remain current in your continuing medical education, quality assurance, and loss prevention. 3. That you possess and exercise that degree of skill and learning commonly possessed and exercised by some physicians of your specialty in the same or similar communities at the same point in time. 4. That you maintain a valid license, DEA registration, and appropriate hospital credentialing.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1996

Students with learning disabilities in education: managing a disability.

The purpose of this study was to examine factors that have contributed to the success of students with learning disabilities (LD) in schools and to explore how these students manage their disabilities from kindergarten through college. The study followed a qualitative research methodology consisting of reviewing academic records and conducting interviews and classroom observations over a 6-month period. The subjects were 9 students with learning disabilities enrolled in a public 4-year university. It was found that the students experienced labeling, stigmatization, and gatekeeping throughout their school years. Furthermore, the students employed a variety of positive and negative coping techniques in an effort to successfully manage their disabilities in school. Positive coping techniques included relying on benefactors, implementing self-improvement techniques, and utilizing particular strategies and management skills to assist with academics. Negative coping techniques were described as "passing" and created tension for the students. Students employed passing techniques to avoid disclosure of their disability and to make it through school. The results of this study have significant implications for school administrators and university educators who provide services for students with LD under current federal laws, and further underscore the need for such students to self-advocate.

Achievement↗
PubMed2004

[Comparing students in inclusive education to those in special schools: the view of parents of children with learning disabilities].

The paper presents the results of a survey of 755 parents of learning disabled children with certified special needs who either attended classes within regular education or special schools. All parents were involved in the decision on the school placement of their children. The experiences of 547 parents of learning disabled students in inclusive classes were contrasted with those of 207 parents of children in special schools. Besides a rather high satisfaction with previous school experiences of their children a number of differences between the two groups of parents could be observed. Parents of students in special schools viewed their children as rather little challenged by their educational requirements whereas those in inclusive education found their children to be overtaxed. The social development of the students in inclusive education was judged as more positive and, generally, a higher rate of parents of learning disabled students in inclusive classes were satisfied with their choice of the educational setting. Although the requirements for parental support concerning studying were higher in inclusive classes this cannot solely explain the differences of experiences with school. In a second step, satisfied parents were compared to dissatisfied parents. It could be found that the group of dissatisfied parents had to make their choice on the educational setting of their children under less favourable conditions and many could not accept that their child had been classified as having special needs. This applied to parents of students in inclusive education as well as to parents of children in special schools. Additionally, parents of students with German as a second language reported to be discontented more frequently. No significant discrepancies could be found between different grades or federal states with different quotas of inclusive education.

Attitude↗
PubMed2005

Empirically enhanced reflections on 20 years of rape research.

Using PsychInfo review of rape and sexual assault publications, the period of greatest fertility coincided with the establishment (1975) and demise (1987) of the National Center for the Prevention and Control of Rape. To document what has been learned and when, the era in which new rape concepts entered the literature is summarized and important developments highlighted. Then, new investigations that are urgently needed are elaborated. The author expresses concern that current federal investment is insufficient to sustain and expand a science workforce adequate to the tasks ahead. Since 1995, more than 1 billion US dollars have been awarded to prosecutors, law enforcement, and community agencies to assist victims of violence. In contrast, between 1996 and 2003, only 14 of 178 (7%) of investigator-initiated grants funded by the Department of Justice and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for violence against women had titles pairing the word sexual with assault, violence, abuse, or rape.

Crime Victims↗
PubMed2004

Center for Integrated Health Care: primary and mental health care for people with severe and persistent mental illnesses.

The Center for Integrated Health Care capitalizes on the abilities, drive, and autonomy of advanced practice nurses, resulting in an exciting, timely academic nursing center exemplar. People with severe and persistent mental illnesses receive care that is targeted specifically to a population with chronic mental illnesses and tailored to the unique individual by integrating primary and mental health care. This Center is a partnership between Thresholds, a psychosocial rehabilitation center, staff and University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing faculty. The Center's goals are to provide quality care, support teaching and learning for nursing and other health professional learners, and generate new knowledge related to the integration of mental and physical health care. To achieve long-term sustainability, the Center must partner with a federally qualified health center.

Chicago↗
PubMed2026

Ethical Governance of Open Data Across Biomedical Research, Healthcare, and Public Health: Privacy, Equity, Trust, and Controlled Access.

Open data has become central to biomedical research and public health, but health information is uniquely sensitive and difficult to share responsibly. In this narrative review, open data is considered as a spectrum of health-data sharing arrangements, ranging from public aggregate datasets to controlled-access repositories, federated analysis, and synthetic data. This narrative review synthesizes the scientific and societal rationale for greater openness with the ethical, legal, and governance constraints that shape what "open" can realistically mean in healthcare. We examine how data sharing supports reproducibility, machine learning, and more efficient research, while also enabling public health surveillance and learning health systems. Against these benefits, we analyze privacy and re-identification risks, consent challenges in large-scale secondary use, inequities including data colonialism, and tensions introduced by commercialization. We integrate lessons from prominent case examples spanning pandemic data sharing, genomic initiatives, population registries, patient-led rare disease infrastructures, and regional data spaces. Across these domains, experience suggests that durable progress depends less on unrestricted openness than on calibrated access, privacy-preserving architectures, clear accountability, and sustained public engagement. We conclude by proposing a pragmatic ethical orientation for healthcare open data: treat openness as a spectrum of controlled sharing arrangements, embed equity and reciprocity into governance, and institutionalize trust-building measures that can persist beyond emergencies and political cycles.

Data colonialism↗
PubMed1981

Kidneys, ethics, and politics: policy lessons of the ESRD experience.

This article examines the policy lessons to be learned from the American experience with the End-Stage Renal Disease program. This program was instituted in 1972 as an amendment to the Social Security Act to provide reimbursement for the costs of therapy to those persons suffering from renal failure. The article tries to debunk certain common myths that have arisen concerning the ESRD program, by examining the history and evolution of renal dialysis technology as well as the social policies concerning dialysis pursued in England and Sweden. It argues that while the ESRD program is not a genuine instance of a 'mini' national health insurance program, there are important moral, social, and policy lessons to be learned from this unique effort to provide renal therapies to those Americans in need.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed2005

[Teaching methods in anesthesia and intensive care medicine. The new legislation and its possibilities for the specialty].

BACKGROUND: As of October 1, 2003, a new government-initiated legislative basis for undergraduate medical education was initiated in Germany which resulted in substantial changes to the structure of the medical curriculum and in a heightened teaching load. METHODS: The Medical Faculty of the University of Dresden established an interdisciplinary reform curriculum in 1998. Since then a hybrid model of traditional lectures, seminars, practical and problem-based learning courses has been implemented for all courses in undergraduate medical training (Dresdener Integrated Problem-based Learning: DIPOL). RESULTS: Examplarly for all other DIPOL courses, the 2003 evaluation results of the "Emergency medicine-Injuries-Intensive care medicine" are presented and show that the course was very well received by students and tutors, and that 95% of the students passed the exams. CONCLUSIONS: The DIPOL anesthesiology course conforms with the new German federal law. A continuous further evaluation is an essential part of quality control and is necessary for the further development of a new curriculum.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1983

Pediatric diagnosis and management of children with developmental disabilities.

Mail surveys were conducted in 1976 and 1980 with Oregon primary care pediatricians to determine patterns of in-depth evaluations, followup, and availability of diagnostic and treatment services for children with developmental disabilities. It was assumed that changes might reflect the impact of recent federal legislation. Patterns of referral were related more to the type and disorder than to the location of the physician's practice. The majority of pediatricians referred children for evaluation for mental retardation, cerebral palsy, learning disabilities, autism, and multihandicapping conditions. Over half reported doing their own evaluations for convulsive disorders. Referrals were most often to multidiscipline teams except for learning disabilities and convulsive disorders. The present study emphasizes the pediatricians' utilization of specialized interdisciplinary centers for diagnosis of children with major developmental disabilities. There was little change in practice patterns during the study period, but some significant shifts in perceived service needs were observed. The most significant change seems to be a heightened awareness of these children's needs for services. Pediatricians continue to express a need for more training in diagnosis and care of developmental disabilities.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1998

CINCH: an urban coalition for empowerment and action. Consortium for the Immunization of Norfolk's Children.

CINCH (Consortium for the Immunization of Norfolk's Children) is an urban coalition that was developed in 1993 to improve childhood immunization rates in Norfolk, Virginia. CINCH involves diverse citizens and institutions in effective community-based assessment, planning, and action. A needs assessment from 1993 found that only 49% of Norfolk 2-year-olds were adequately immunized. Using this data, CINCH developed a plan focused on education and communication, support for at-risk families, increased access to immunizations, and improved immunization delivery. After federal funding ended in 1995, members voted to expand the scope of the coalition to address additional child health needs and to broaden the membership. CINCH is a model for a sustainable city-citizen learning environment that intervenes to "help families help themselves to better health." The coalition is presented as an organization that focuses on community empowerment and development. The stages of coalition development and implications for coalition implementation in other sites are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Growing violence by animal rights activists: what you should be aware of.

Recent publicized violent attacks by animal rights activists in hospital and university research facilities and the upcoming decision by Congress on whether to pass laws that would make attacks on animal research facilities a federal crime have again focused attention on the movement and elements in it that seem to be taking on tactics of political terrorists. This report provides details about the movement, presents some lessons to be learned from the recent attack on a Michigan State University facility, and gives tips on making your facility and researchers less vulnerable. We'll also update you on some disquieting news from abroad.

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed2001

[The challenge of teaching how to deliver care from the perspective of the graduation nursing course student].

This paper refers to teaching/learning in a subject named Fundaments of Human Care III--Care Module--at the Nursing School of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, under the vision of the undergraduate student. In 1996, the subject started at the fourth semester of the curriculum, constituted of its basic thematic, and in which the students learn about the genesis of human care process. The daily reports of the students during this module practice at the Pediatric Oncology Unit (POU) of a University Hospital, in Porto Alegre, RS, were submitted to phenomenological analysis, based on Merleau-Ponty (Martins, 1992). From this analysis emerged the significance expressed by the student of the experiences on the POU; the relation between teaching-practice; theoretical basis and care.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed2005

September 11, 2001, revisited: a review of the data.

HYPOTHESIS: The September 11, 2001, World Trade Center (WTC) attack was a disaster of epic proportion in New York City, NY. It was unprecedented in terms of the number of people who were killed in the bombings, as well as in terms of the volume of patients received at local (New York City) hospitals. The strain on local emergency medical services, hospitals, and the citywide trauma system is still felt today as the hospitals, physicians, and agencies involved struggle to train for similar events that may occur in the future, cope with the psychological and social aftermath, and even pay for the response to the bombing. The objective of this review of the data was to determine the major causes of morbidity (ie, hospital visits) during the hours immediately after the September 11, 2001, WTC attack, as well as to detail the costs involved in the medical response to a disaster of this scale and to identify some lessons learned with respect to the hospital's response to an event of this magnitude. DESIGN: Review of records and cost data submitted by Saint Vincent's Hospital, Manhattan, NY, to the state of New York and federal sources for financial relief from the September 11, 2001, WTC attack. SETTING: Saint Vincent's Hospital is an academic medical center of New York Medical College and a New York City-designated level I trauma center. PATIENTS: All medical records for the patients registered at Saint Vincent's Hospital on September 11, 2001, after 8:50 am were reviewed. RESULTS: The major cause of morbidity for the September 11, 2001, patients was smoke inhalation (30.0%); followed closely by chemical conjunctivitis and corneal abrasions (16%); lacerations, abrasions, and soft-tissue injuries (15.5%); isolated orthopedic complaints (12%); and psychiatric complaints (10%). Multiple-trauma patients were 3% of the patients seen. There were 5 fatalities at Saint Vincent's Hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The WTC disaster was a source of major morbidity and mortality to the people of New York City. The possibility that Saint Vincent's will again serve in that role is in the forefront of the minds of everyone involved in updating our contingency plan.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2004

Using the Federated Council for Internal Medicine curricular guide and administrative codes to assess IM residents' breadth of experience.

PURPOSE: To estimate internal medicine residents' breadth of experience using a published curricular guide and an electronic medical record. METHOD: A cohort of 41 internal medicine residents at Columbia University Medical Center, a large, inner-city, primary and tertiary care center, were followed over their three years of training in the late 1990s. Residents were mapped to the patients they cared for, the diagnoses those patients were assigned, and the Federated Council for Internal Medicine (FCIM) competencies covered. The proportion and distribution of competencies covered (potential to achieve a competency) were measured. RESULTS: Residents covered 76% of priority 1 competencies (those identified by FCIM as optimally learned through direct responsibility for patients) and 67% of all competencies. Although the number of patients cared for was correlated with breadth of experience, the effect was small. Rare diagnoses appear to have been distributed well. CONCLUSION: Internal medicine residents had the potential to achieve the majority of competencies via direct patient care, but no residents achieved full coverage. The electronic medical record may provide a mechanism to track residents and study training programs.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1998

Raymond de Saussure. First president of the European Psychoanalytical Federation.

The author reviews the life and career of the Swiss psychoanalyst Raymond de Saussure, who died in 1971. A member of an ancient Protestant family with a distinguished intellectual record in Geneva, Saussure studied medicine and psychiatry before turning to psychoanalysis after a fateful encounter with Sigmund Freud, with whom he subsequently maintained intermittent contacts. His subsequent efforts to establish psychoanalysis as a discipline in its own right separate from psychiatry, especially in the French-speaking countries, are described in detail. We learn of his important role in the promotion of psychoanalysis, the organisation of psychoanalytic training and the publication of psychoanalytic material, including his own substantial theoretical and clinical contributions. He is shown also to have had a wide range of other interests. Particular stress is laid on Saussure's Europeanism, as revealed in his familiarity with Germanic as well as French-language culture, his activities in France in addition to Switzerland, his role as an ambassador for European culture during his New York period, and, most importantly, his commitment to the formation of the European Psychoanalytical Federation, of which he was the first President. The author notes too that Saussure was a man of unfailing courtesy.

Europe↗