Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Escape Reaction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of medial amygdala inactivation on a panic-related behavior.

In the last years, the role played by the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MeA) in the modulation of fear- and anxiety-related behaviors has been increasingly investigated. This nucleus plays an important role in the processing of predator odor-induced defensive reactions, i.e. freezing and risk-assessment behaviors. Immunohistochemical evidence also indicates that the MeA may be involved in the regulation of escape, a defensive behavior related to panic attacks. In this study, we further addressed this question by investigating the effects of the reversible inactivation of the nucleus on escape behavior generated in male Wistar rats by two different aversive stimuli, electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG) and exposure to one of the open arms of the elevated T-maze. Results showed that intra-MeA administration of either the reversible sodium channel blocker lidocaine (34 nmol/0.2 microl) or the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol (0.22 nmol/0.2 microl) raised the threshold of aversive electrical stimulation, increasing the amount of current that applied to the dPAG evokes escape, an antiaversive effect. Local microinjection of muscimol (0.22 nmol/0.2 microl) inhibited escape behavior in the elevated T-maze, also suggesting an antiaversive effect. In this latter test, muscimol did not affect inhibitory avoidance, a behavior associated with generalized anxiety disorder. Muscimol effect in the elevated T-maze was independent of changes in general exploratory activity as measured in an open-field. Taken together, our data corroborate previous evidences suggesting that the MeA is involved in the modulation of escape. Dysfunction of this regulatory mechanism may be of relevance in the genesis/maintenance of panic disorder.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1987

[Changes in the duration of action potentials of functionally different Helix neurons in response to serotonin].

Bath application of serotonin was studied for its effect on the duration of action potentials in sensory neurons, interneurons and motoneurons participating in avoidance behaviour of snail. Serotonin application increased the action potential duration in sensory neurons, while in interneurons and motoneurons such changes were absent. An increase of the action potential duration in sensory neurons can be the mechanism of the EPSP amplitude increase recorded in interneurons during application of serotonin. Functional consequences of selective reactions in neurons with different functional role are discussed.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1985

Personality variables and circumstances of sexual assault predictive of a woman's resistance.

The present study investigated degree of resistance to sexual assault as a function of personality variables and circumstances of assault. Death anxiety was the personality variable most predictive of high resistance. The profile of the high-resistant women showed that the absence of a weapon, lower death anxiety, and knowing the assailant accounted for 66% of the variance. It was inferred that the life-threatening aspects of the rape situation are of great importance in determining a potential victim's reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Procedural justice and the hedonic principle: how approach versus avoidance motivation influences the psychology of voice.

The authors investigate the relation between the hedonic principle (people's motivations to approach pleasure and to avoid pain) and procedural justice. They explore whether approach or avoidance motivation increases the effect that people feel they were treated more fairly following procedures that do versus do not allow them an opportunity to voice their opinion. Experiments 1 and 2 reveal that these procedures influence procedural justice judgments more strongly when people conduct approach motor action (arm flexion) than when they conduct avoidance motor action (arm extension). Experiment 3 indicates that individual-difference measures of participants' approach motivations predicted procedural justice judgments following voice versus no-voice procedures. The authors conclude that people's motivational orientations stimulate their fairness-based reactions to voice procedures.

Adolescent↗