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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

A different type of 'glue ear': report of an unusual case of prominent ears.

Prominent ears is a condition that can cause extreme psychological distress in young people. This cosmetic deformity can be corrected by otoplasty, an outpatient surgical procedure that is associated with a high rate of patient satisfaction. We report the unusual case of a teenage boy who had repeatedly applied cyanoacrylate adhesive ("superglue") to his postauricular skin in an attempt to pin back his prominent ears. This case of "glue ear" was ultimately resolved by successful otoplasty, although the residual effects of the glue resulted in delayed healing of the surgical wound.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthesia in ear surgery. A resource economical analysis and patient assessment of general anesthesia versus local anesthesia in ear surgery].

Although it has long been known that surgery on the middle ear may be carried out under local anaesthesia (LA), the majority of ear operations in Denmark are carried out under general anaesthesia (GA). A prospective review is presented of 103 ear operations of which 71 were undertaken under local anaesthesia and 32 under general anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia has considerable advantages as compared with general anaesthesia, particularly that the anaesthetic capacity is released and can be employed for other purposes. Employment of local anaesthesia does not present any disadvantages for the surgeon and the procedure appears to be acceptable for the majority of patients. In order not to bring the procedure into disrepute, patients should be assessed meticulously preoperatively by an experienced surgeon so that operation under local anaesthesia is not performed in unsuitable patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Binding of serum immunoglobulins to human inner ear tissue in inner ear hearing loss: methodologic limits].

The immunopathological processes possibly involved in cryptogenic sensorineural hearing loss were investigated. In a pilot study the sera from 66 patients were tested by the indirect immunofluorescence technique for immunoglobulins which bind to normal human inner ear tissue. The reaction was positive in two thirds of all patients with sudden hearing loss, especially bilateral. This was mostly for IgG, and to the organ of Corti. Others have found that Corti's organ showed marked degenerative changes in cases of sudden hearing loss, examined by histology. The reaction was positive in half of the patients with progressive sensorineural hearing loss. It was noticeable that positive reactions for IgA were twice as frequent in sera of patients with progressive hearing loss than in those with sudden deafness. In a control study, the sera of ten patients were tested in parallel by the same method on histological sections of inner ears taken from four individuals. Similar results were found for the sera of two patients only. The sera of the remaining eight patients revealed very inconsistent reaction patterns. These preliminary results may indicate that temporary or permanent humoral (auto) immune mechanisms could have occurred in certain inner ear diseases. So far however reliable diagnostic methods have not been established, and not enough patients have been followed up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[A pilot study of sulfur hexa fluoride (sf6) injection into middle ears. An alternative to prevent atelectatic ears (author's transl)].

A new method to prevent middle ear atelectasis is presented. Sulfur Hexa Fluoride (SF6), a synthetic inert gas with a very low water solubility, has been injected into the middle ears of two patients with a long-standing conductive hearing loss due to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The hearing gain expressed as lowered air-bone gaps lasted 6--10 weeks. No side effects were noted. In a later serie children with serous otitis media will be treated in the same way and followed with tympanograms and gas analyses of the gas mixture within their middle ears.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Temporal bone resections for carcinoma of the middle ear and the external ear canal.

Petrosectomy has been used in the management of carcinoma of the external ear canal and the middle ear for the last 45 years. In recent years, there have been conflicting reports; some authors advocate a conservative approach, whereas others support an ultraradical approach. Most retrospective studies report patients who have been treated with radiotherapy or surgery as having undergone the primary modality depending on where the patient first presented. No selection criteria seem to have been employed. Although radiotherapy was used postoperatively, the problems of wound healing were not addressed. This study presents our experience with temporal bone resection as described by Lewis and shows that, in combination with patient selection and proper choice of incision, reconstruction and timely postoperative radiotherapy can achieve better results, and the patient's quality of life can be preserved.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1985

Transcanal management of benign middle ear lesions involving the anterior middle ear cleft.

The anterior middle ear has always been a difficult area to visualize and access. This report reviews the experience with a new approach to gain exposure of the middle ear. This technique involves separating the entire pars flaccida from the handle of the malleus for better exposure and then replacing the drum. Four patients were treated in this fashion; one glomus tympanicum, two congenital cholesteatomas, and one benign adenoma. All patients benefited from improved exposure and resection. No patients had postoperative laterialization of the drum and hearing was maintained.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Inflammatory cell subpopulations in the middle ear mucosa of ears with effusion.

Middle ear mucosal biopsies were taken from 11 patients with middle ear effusion. In 8 cases the specimens were sufficiently large to allow detailed studies of the submucosal cellular components. It appears that in noncomplicated serous middle ear effusion, due to mechanical obstruction of the Eustachian tube, the submucosa is not infiltrated by inflammatory cells. In all types of mucoid effusion of variable duration, various lymphocyte classes, i.e. T- and B-lymphocytes and plasma cells, were present, suggesting a normal cellular immune response. The lack of granulocytes seems to indicate that there is no submucosal infection.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collapsing ears and the use of circumaural ear cushions at 3000 Hz.

Evaluation of hearing acuity at 3000 Hz may be required when there is claim of financial compensation for hearing loss. If collapsing pinnea or ear canals are present, circumaural ear cushions on audiometer earphones can be used to avoid spurious elevation of thresholds. A dial correction is developed for application at 3000 Hz, to be used with corrections developed in a previous study when NAF-48490-1 circumaural ear cushions are used during audiometry.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnosis and treatment of ear diseases in general practice. A controlled trial of the effect of the introduction of middle ear measurement (tympanometry)].

The diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear in general practice could be rendered optimal by employing tympanometry (measurement of the pressure in the middle ear) which is already known from specialist practice. This was investigated by means of a controlled investigation with cooperation between general practice, otologists and the health services in the County of Vejle. Following randomizing among 20 general practitioners, ten were trained in tympanometry (the test group) while ten did not change their principles for diagnosis and treatment (control group). The criteria for inclusion in the investigation were the findings of indications for otoscopy in children under the age of 16 years. During a period of 12 months, parallel registrations of the data were made in the two groups and 3,166 children with an average age of 3.4 years were included. The clinical course showed statistically significant differences (p less than 0.05) between the groups as regards diagnosis and treatment: acute otitis media was found in 8.4% in the control group and 2.6% in the test group. Secretory otitis media (glue ear) was found in 14.2% in the control group and in 25% in the test group. Correspondingly, penicillin was prescribed for 7.6% in the control group and 4.1% in the test group. The otologists performed tubulation of the tympanic membrane in 0.9% in the control group and 3.2% in the test group. Continued investigations are necessary to elucidate whether tympanometry should be part of the daily routine in general practice.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1980

[The influence of tympanoplasty and middle ear aeration on tubal function in chronic middle ear disease (author's transl)].

Eustachian tube dysfunction could be demonstrated in 2/3 of our patients with chronic middle ear diseases (inclusive of central perforations, tympanic membrane retractions, adhesive otitis and cholesteatoma). In 68 patients with grommet tubes placed at surgery, Eustachian tube function was followed over a period of three years by using a pressure-equalization test. Four months after surgery, only a few of the patients with impaired tube function showed any improvement of function. Prolonged ventilation through the grommet was not found to have any significant effect on tubal function. In patients with impaired Eustachian tube function--especially when the tube cannot be opened by forced pressurizations--the development of negative middle ear pressures must be expected if existing tympanic membrane perforations are closed. This is considered to be one of the important causes for the high rate of failure following tympanoplasties. Reducing this rate can possibly be achieved by the use of grommet tubes at time of surgery, thus securing ventilation of the middle ear. In addition, radical mastoidectomy should be considered in comparable patients with cholesteatomas.

Eustachian Tube↗
PubMed1983

Otoplasty: something old, something new. Reconstruction of the external ear using fresh cadaver homograft ear cartilage and a sternomastoid myocutaneous flap.

By combining the very old concept of using fresh cadaver homograft ear cartilage with the more modern idea of a musculo-cutaneous flap, a new ear has been constructed for a patient who was considered unsuitable for standard reconstructive procedures. The early cosmetic result appears satisfactory and the patient's hearing has been significantly improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The relationship between the 'superior constrictor swallow', clicking of the ears and ear disease.

A normal modified type of swallow is described, the function of which is to open the pharyngotympanic tube. It is associated with clicking of the ears. The tensor veli palatini, the levator palatini and the superior constrictor muscles appear to be the muscles involved, as it can occur without swallowing or movement of the tongue, or speaking. This modified swallow has been called the 'superior constrictor swallow', and it is demonstrated by productions of typical frames from a cine film. Sniffing, yawning and normal swallowing can occur with or without opening of the pharyngotympanic tubes, but this normal modified swallow (SCS) must be initiated to produce opening of the tubes. The change in middle-ear pressures with clicking is well shown with tympanometry. Modified swallow, largely involving the inferior constrictor muscle, may also occur.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between severity of middle ear mucosal lesion and middle ear pneumatic space volume in patients with otitis media with effusion.

If we assume that the state of suppression of pneumatic cells is the result of suppression of pneumatic cell growth by inflammatory stimulation in the middle ear pneumatic space, it is possible to improve the state of suppression by performing sufficient treatment during the growth period of the pneumatic cells. We indwelt a tympanic membrane ventilation tube (hereinafter referred to as tube) for treatment of otitis media with effusion (OME) in child patients aged 3-13 years and investigated the following points: i) relationship between the severity of inflammation of the lamina propria of middle ear mucosal specimens (hereinafter referred to as lamina propria) collected at the time of tube indwelling and the degree of growth of the pneumatic space; and ii) changes in the pneumatic space associated with treatment by tube indwelling, which was studied by comparing the above-described mucosal severity with the pneumatic space area of 2 years after tube indwelling, and with increase in the pneumatic space volume measured periodically after tube indwelling. The results indicated that mastoid cell growth suppression is higher in patients with a higher degree of inflammatory changes in the lamina propria. In association with treatment by tube indwelling, effusion accumulated in the pneumatic space and mucosal swelling disappeared early after the treatment, or 2 months of tube indwelling. After that, in patients with severe mucosal lesion, a long time, 1.5-2 years, was found to be required for repneumatization accompanying regrowth of the temporal bone. We confirmed that the severity of inflammation of the lamina propria is deeply involved in the growth and repneumatization of the pneumatic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Serotonin-induced plasma extravasation in the murine inner ear: possible mechanism of migraine-associated inner ear dysfunction.

Sensitivity to sound and vertigo are often components of migraine. Recent studies suggest that plasma extravasation from intradural blood vessels may contribute to migraine pain. This study documented plasma extravasation in the mouse inner ear after intravenous administration of serotonin (5-HT). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected intravenously to trace protein extravasation in mice, followed 15 min later by intravenous 5-HT or saline. Forty-five minutes later, mice were euthanized. HRP extravasation was visualized immunohistochemically and quantified densitometrically. Baseline and evoked extravasation in stria vascularis and tectorial membrane were indistinguishable from skin, dura mater and tympanic membrane. Brain parenchyma, Scarpa's ganglion, basal spiral ganglion and modiolus, and the central vestibular nerve segment showed no significant 5-HT-induced extravasation. In contrast, 5-HT produced extravasation in the apical spiral ganglion, modiolus, and intralabyrinthine superior and inferior vestibular nerve. Thus, inner ear plasma extravasation is a potential mechanism for migraine-associated vertigo and sound sensitivity.

Animals↗