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PubMedDate not supplied

[The pathogenetic characteristics and treatment of erysipelas in diabetics].

Pathogenetic role was studied of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in 65 patients with erysipelas with concurrent diabetes mellitus (DM) versus a group of 86 patients without DM. In the former case, significant increase in blood plasma hydroperoxides, such as malonic dialdegide and dienic conjugates, was recordable, which fact suggested activation of LPO processes. Positive correlation was established between blood content of hydroperoxides and levels of circulating immune complexes. A complex of drugs endowed with known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunocorrective activity were found to have a beneficial effect on clinical, immune and biochemical indices.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Eruptive epidermoid cysts secondary to erysipelas].

INTRODUCTION: Eruptive epidermoid cysts often occur following bullous skin diseases and their histopathological origin is from follicular or eccrine structures. CASE REPORT: A case of a patient who developed eruptive epidermoid follicular cysts following an erysipelas without bullous lesions is reported. The lesions disappeared secondarily to a relapse of the cutaneous infection. DISCUSSION: This association is rare but can be explained thinking to histogenesis of eruptive epidermoid cysts. The rapid resolution of these lesions occurring during a new inflammatory flare emphasize their tendency toward spontaneous resolution by extruding their contents.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Laboratory methods of prognostication in suppurative complications of erysipelas inflammation].

The dynamics of the leukocyte index of intoxication (LII) and the blood-cell index (BCI) was studied in 2756 patients with erysipelas. Both indexes, raised at the height of the disease, are lowering under the therapy influence. At the purulent-inflammatory complications beginning the LII and BCI level remains high or raises 2-3 days before occurrence of clinical signs of complication. The application of above-mentioned indexes for prognostication and diagnosis is possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Immune disorders in patients with purulent necrotic complications of erysipelas].

There were examined 106 patients with purulent-necrotic complications (PNC) of erysipelas and 102 patients without PNC. Significant disorders of the immune status were revealed: the reduction of T-lymphocytes quantity, their subpopulational content dysbalance, the rise of level of a middle- and small-molecular immune complexes. In patients with PNC the immunocorrection conduction is expedient.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

Erysipelas-like skin lesions associated with Campylobacter jejuni septicemia in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia.

Three cases are reported of hypogammaglobulinemic males with recurrent Campylobacter jejuni septicemia and erysipelas-like cellulitis without diarrhoea. In one patient Campylobacter jejuni grew from skin biopsy specimens. The findings in another patient were strongly suggestive of osteomyelitis caused by Campylobacter jejuni. Since the susceptibility of hypogammaglobulinemic patients to infection with Campylobacter jejuni is probably related to a lack of serum bactericidal activity against Campylobacter jejuni due to lack of IgM, two patients in whom previous antimicrobial treatment failed were treated with plasma infusions. This regimen supplemented with imipenem resulted in cure of these relapsing infections. Campylobacter jejuni septicemia must be considered in hypogammaglobulinemic patients who present with periodic fever and cellulitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A serological survey on erysipelas in chickens by growth agglutination test.

From March to April 1992, 200 culled chickens sent to an abattoir in Tokyo, Japan were examined for the presence of growth agglutinating antibody in the serum. In the serological survey, 11 (5.5%) of 200 chicken sera had high growth agglutination titres against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, ranging from 1:16 to 1:128. These findings indicate a high rate of erysipelas infection among chickens in the field.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1993

Erysipelas in caged laying chickens and suspected erysipeloid in animal caretakers.

Erysipelas was diagnosed in 2 succeeding caged layer flocks housed in the same building and was characterized clinically by sudden death. At necropsy, lesions comprised generalized congestion, hemorrhages in the skeletal muscles and visceral organs, and swelling of liver, spleen, and kidney with or without large irregular zones of necrosis. Focal to massive hepatic necrosis was seen histologically with minimal or no inflammatory reaction. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was cultured from internal organs of affected birds in both outbreaks. Medication with penicillin in the feed controlled the mortality, but relapse occurred after cessation of medication. Two attendants who handled the dead birds in this building developed a painful localized infection of the fingers that later spread to the regional lymph node. The infection responded when antibiotic therapy for erysipeloid was initiated.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1993

Detection of plasmid DNA in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from pigs with chronic swine erysipelas.

Forty-three strains of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, isolated from pigs with chronic swine erysipelas, were examined for the presence of plasmid DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy. Seven of these strains were found to contain plasmids of which number were varied from 1 to 6. The plasmids ranged from 1.4 to 86 kb in size. This is the first reported evidence for plasmid DNA in E. rhusiopathiae. The functions of the plasmids are unknown at present.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction of Erysipelas septicemia in a flock of ring-necked pheasants.

A flock of 810 pheasants experienced 6.2% mortality over 6 days. Affected birds were weak and lethargic for up to 24 hr before death. Examined birds were thin, and gross lesions consisted of thick opaque crops and cecal cores. Histologically, there was capillariasis of the crop and multifocal ulcerative typhlitis with Heterakis spp. infection, and numerous systemic intravascular monocytes were filled with clusters of blue rod-shaped organisms. The organisms were gram-positive bacilli by Brown and Brenn staining and ultrastructural analysis. Liver bacterial cultures were negative for pathogenic bacteria. Erysipelas septicemia was diagnosed by an Erysipelothrix species-specific polymerase chain reaction method with the substrate DNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Potency Testing of Swine Erysipelas Vaccines by Serology Results of a Pre-validation Study.

The European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) monograph on Swine Erysipelas Vaccine (inactivated) (Ph. Eur., 1997) requires the potency of each batch to be demonstrated in a mouse protection test. In this parallel-line bioassay, mice are challenged with a virulent strain of Erysipelothrix (E.) rhusiopathiae after immunisation with different doses of either the standard preparation or of the test vaccine. More than one hundred animals are necessary for the routine testing of a single batch. In previous studies (Beckmann und Cubetaler, 1994; Rosskopf-Streicher et al., 1998), we have shown that an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) may be used to quantify the humoral response of mice. This method can replace the challenge model for the purposes of potency testing in the following manner: Ten mice are immunised subcutaneously with 1/10 of the vaccine dose required for pig vaccination. After three weeks, the mice are bled under anaesthesia. Serum samples are pooled and the antibody content is compared to that of a reference serum. In view of animal welfare the advantages of the alternative model are obvious: A highly reduced number of animals and the replacement of challenge exposure. This includes the discontinuation of the control group with a mortality rate of 100%. A pre-validation study was initiated to evaluate the performance of the serological method. Eight laboratories used the test kits to evaluate pooled serum samples from vaccinated mice. Both the reagents and the test protocol were shown to be satisfactory. The intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility that was achieved indicates that the method is a strong candidate for validation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

[Potency Testing of Erysipelas Vaccines in Mice. ELISA vs. Challenge]

Vaccines are widely used for the prophylaxis of swine erysipelas. According to national pharmacopoiea requirements, potency of these biologicals has to be tested in a mouse challenge model. Many animals are needed and the test causes much suffering. The development of an enzyme linked immunosorbet assay (ELISA) using an alkaline extract of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae as antigen for coating the microtitre plate allows us to measure antibody titres in the serum of vaccinated mice. By comparing the antibody titres of vaccinated mice with the results of the animal challenge model it could be demonstrated that the in vitro method gives reliable and reproducible data which correlate with the results of the in vivo model. The ELISA offers the possibility to refine the currently used animal test, by replacing the challenge procedure and reducing the number of animals.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An outbreak of erysipelas in Coturnix quails.

A severe outbreak of erysipelas causing high mortality was observed in Coturnix breeder quails. Possible source(s) of erysipelothrix infection in the flock and subsequent infections due to Pasteurella multocida, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology of experimental erysipelas in turkeys.

Gross and histopathologic lesions were studied in 10 Broad-Breasted White turkeys with acute erysipelas induced experimentally. The gross pathologic features of the disease conformed very closely with descriptions in the literature (7). Histopathologic evaluation was concentrated on the inoculation site (skin), proventriculus, ileocecal area of the intestine, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and heart. In all organs examined the dominant histopathologic alteration was vascular damage as evidenced by: generalized congestion, edema, focal hemorrhage, disseminated fibrin thrombi, and numerous bacterial aggregates either within fibrin thrombi or engulfed by cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Degenerative changes or overt necrosis of parenchymal cells were evident in liver, spleen, and kidney. The cellular inflammatory component of acute lesions was minimal. Heterophil and mononuclear leukocytic infiltrates were observed in scarified skin and, in turkeys surviving several days, in livers and hearts.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of coagulation disorders and inflammatory immune reaction in an infectious model of rheumatoid arthritis. I. Systemic, shock-like coagulopathy and fibrin incorporation as indicators of rheumatoid manifestations in the erysipelas model].

A combined study employing plethysmographical, scintillation counting and coagulation methods indicates that a coagulation crisis in combination with fibrin overproduction may be an indicator of a beginning arthritis of rheumatoid character. Rats which received a single subcutaneous infection with erysipelas bacteria exhibit a shock resembling crisis two days post inoculation as substantiated by the consumption of coagulation factors II, V, VIII, XII and decrease of platelets. This consumption of coagulation factors is characterized by a rapid compensatory increase of platelets, antihaemophilic factor VIII and fibrin, 5 times more in the pig and 3 1/2 times more in the rat than in control animals. In adult rats the overproduction of fibrin is combined with an intense concealed consumption of fibrin in all organs of manifestation. Only in young rats an absolute consumption of fibrin is observed. The incorporation of fibrin into connective tissue is accompanied by fibrin consumption as demonstrated by immunofluorescence, by oedema of the paw, and by mesenchymal proliferation as substantiated by scintillation counting of incorporated 35SO4 and 3H-Proline, as markers for the beginning synthesis of ground substances and collagen. This model supports the importance of an initial vascular phase for the subsequent phase of manifestation in chronic rheumatoid diseases. It is discussed whether the organ specific permeability of the affected organs (joints, heart, arteries and eyes) may be a localizing factor of organ manifestation, parallel to the hormonal mesenchymal reaction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The significance of coagulation disorders and the inflammatory reaction in an infectious model of rheumatoid arthritis. II. Inhibition trials with antirheumatic drugs in the inflammatory reaction phase of erysipelas polyarthritis in rats].

The arthritic activity in the initial phase and during manifestation of experimental erysipelas in rats, an animal model for human rheumatoid arthritis, was studied by plethysmometrical methods. The development of body weight and specific pathologic alterations peculiar to the model such as keratitis, thrombosis of the aorta and gangrene of the tip of the tail served as additional parameters. In the volumetric analysis it could be shown that the first arthritic swelling on both hind legs develops symmetrically up to day 6 post infection in rats with about 200 g of body weight-and in contrast-on the 2nd p.i. in younger animals with about 120 g. The first maximal paw volume was measured on day 9 p. i., the greatest decrease in body weight-a reduction of 25%-on day 10 p. i. In addition the reaction of the animal model following the application of steroid and non-steroid symptomatically as well as cytostatically acting antirheumatic drugs was tested. Daily treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacine or hydrocortisone provoked more or less significant inhibition of arthritic swelling in the paw. Only at the onset of arthritis acetylsalicylic acid was more effective than the other antiphlogistic drugs. No measurable increase of paw volume during cyclophosphamide treatment could be evaluated. None of the antirheumatics used had a positive effect on body weight developement. In hydrocortisone and also in cyclophosphamide treated rats a greater decrease was obtained than in the infected controls. No thrombosis developed after cytostasis with cyclophosphamide. The advantages of this systemic connective tissue disease with regard to its comparability with human rheumatoid arthritis and due to the course of its arthritic manifestation are discussed, together with the disadvantages specific to the model and the experimental conditions.

Animals↗