Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ECHINOCOCCOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Incidence, prevalence and geographic distribution of human alveolar echinococcosis in Austria from 1854 to 1990.

Since the second half of the last century it has been known that Austria--like southern Germany, eastern France and Switzerland--is a part of the Central European area of distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis (Em), the causative organism of alveolar echinococcosis (AE). Up until October 1990, 128 human AE cases were documented in Austria; personal, anamnestic and clinical data on the majority of these patients are available. Based on these data, epidemiological parameters (incidence, prevalence, geographic distribution, sex and age distribution, occupation) were evaluated so as to obtain information on the past and recent history of alveolar echinococcosis in Austria. The (retrospective) study led to the following results and conclusions: (a) the (documented) incidence (presently two cases/year) of AE in Austria is rather low; (b) the main endemic Em areas are situated in the western (Tyrol, Vorarlberg) and southern (Carinthia) provinces; (c) a new focus could be detected in Lower Austria (outside the Alps); (d) the sex ratio (M:F) of AE patients was 1.3:1; (e) the average age of men and women at the time of diagnosis was 44 and 47 years, respectively; (f) 98% of Austrian AE patients exhibited Em lesions in the liver; and (g) greater than 50% of AE patients were (or had been) farmers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Radiological manifestations of lung echinococcosis in children.

Echinococcosis of the lung should always be kept in mind when evaluating masses seen in the chest radiograms of children, since the disease is not a rarity. The radiological signs and its differential diagnosis are considered, emphasizing the possibility of the masking of a hydatid cyst by a superimposed pneumonia. The importance of verifying the presence of echinococcosis before deciding on puncture of the lung is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Bronchobiliary fistula due to echinococcosis of the liver.

In Greece, which has the second highest incidence of echinococcosis in the world, there has been an overall decrease in the frequency of this disease and its complications during the past 15 years. Between 1920 and 1960, approximately 46 patients per year were operated on for echinococcosis at the Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, and 1.8% of 1037 hepatic hydatid cysts had ruptured into the bronchi. From 1960 to 1975, the number of patients requiring operation decreased to approximately 25 per year, and incidence of rupture into the bronchi declined to 1% of 288 liver cysts. The reduction has resulted from improvements in preventive medicine and surgical care and a decrease in the frequency of infected cysts. Bronchobiliary fistula is a serious complication of hydatid cyst of the liver and it must be treated surgically. A right thoracotomy or thoracoabdominal approach offers the possibility of dealing simultaneously with the hepatic cyst and the pulmonary lesions. The choice of operation depends on the findings and ranges from simple drainage of the hepatic cavity with division of the bronchobiliary communication, to resection of the lung (usually lobectomy) when a chronically infected pulmonary cavity is present. If a hydatid cyst of the liver ruptures simultaneously into the lung and the extra-hepatic biliary tree with resultant obstruction of the common bile duct, unblocking of the common duct by evacuation of cysts and debris through a laparotomy takes priority over any other surgical action. Of 3 patients with bronchobiliary fistulas treated during the past 15 years, 2 were cured by simple drainage through a transabdominal approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Echinococcosis of the kidney.

A case of renal echinococcosis, most uncommon in Hungary, is reported. The problems of diagnosis and therapy are discussed. It is emphasized that difficulties of diagnosis, particularly differential diagnosis, arise mainly in countries where the incidence of echinococcosis is low. It is with the aid of the new diagnostic methods that an echinococcus cyst has been identified preoperatively in an occluded kidney which had been out of function for years.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1996

A long-surviving patient with recurrences of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis after traumatic intra-abdominal rupture.

Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver (AEL) takes a progressive and malignant course. Intra-abdominal dissemination of the parasite has a miserable outcome. Complete resection of the lesion is indispensable for the curative treatment of AEL. We experienced an extremely rare case of intra-abdominal rupture of AEL. The patient had repeated recurrences of AEL following the traumatic rupture of the lesion. After repeated resections of the lesions and appropriate medication, the patient is still alive more than 25 years since the initial onset of the disease. AEL differs from unilocular echinococcosis in terms of biological behavior. We compare the pathophysiology of the two conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Colloid liver SPECT of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Seventy-one-year-old man had a liver mass. He lived in Hokkaido, where there is an epidemic of hydatic disease. Abdominal US image showed an echogenic mass. CT revealed a low density mass with an unclear margin. A 99mTc-Sulfur colloid liver SPECT study was performed to detect the liver mass. The SPECT scan was done after intravenous administration of 5 mCi of 99mTc-sulfur colloid, and it revealed a lack of uptake in the liver mass. The liver SPECT findings were correlated with subsequent CT and US imaging. Echo-guided biopsy showed a PAS-positive cuticle layer of echinococcosis in the necrotic tissue. This is the first report of a case of detection of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis by means of a colloid liver SPECT imaging procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Cystic space-occupying lesion with involvement of the pelvis: unusual site of echinococcosis. Case report and surgical treatment].

A case of an unusual localization of cystic echinococcosis is presented. Initially it appeared as a retropertioneal tumor with bone involvement and the diagnosis was only recognized intraoperatively. The patient was treated by radical surgery and chemotherapy according to the guidelines of the WHO. We conclude that echinococcosis should be considered in extrahepatic cystic tumors, especially in patients from endemic areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Cystic space-occupying lesion of the neck soft tissues: cave echinococcosis].

The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (echinococcus granulosus) in an atypical location can be difficult to make and frequently can only be established by histological examination of affected tissues. Surgical excision and fine-needle aspiration biopsy usually lead to the diagnosis. Since puncture of these cysts may cause an anaphylactic reaction due to spillage of hydatid fluid and/or dissemination of infection, the use of fine-needle aspiration biopsy is controversial at present. We report on a patient with a cystic neck mass who developed an allergic reaction after diagnostic fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Cytological examination of the specimen was inconclusive. The allergic reaction led to the diagnosis of echinococcosis, which was confirmed by serological examination. We describe a possible diagnostic procedure for a cystic mass of unknown etiology. If imaging and serological tests are not conclusive, we believe that fine-needle aspiration biopsy is justified. However, this should only be performed in a setting that provides sufficient management for anaphylactic reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Imaging diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in young patients.

We review the imaging findings in seven children with alveolar echinococcosis of the liver. Calcification was seen on plain abdominal films in five of seven patients (66.6 %); the calcifications were small or coarse with irregular margins. Ultrasound was performed in four cases, identifying the lesions in all four as small calcifications with or without cysts. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in four cases and showed small calcifications, calcifications surrounding a cyst, or an aggregate of calcifications. Angiography was performed in all seven patients and showed changes of intrahepatic arterial stretching, overgrowth of small arteries, and a honeycomb pattern in the capillary phase. Venography revealed compression of the inferior vena cava in two patients. Serum screening together with ultrasonography and CT are useful for diagnostic imaging of alveolar echinococcosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Intraperitoneal dissemination probably caused by needle biopsy of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver: experimental study.

Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver (AEL) is a parasitosis with a potential for malignant tumor-like behavior. The disease is diagnosed by a combination of serologic tests, diagnostic images, and the histology of needle biopsy specimens. It remains unresolved whether the biopsy induces subsequent troubles. We designed this study to investigate critical problems after needle biopsy of AEL lesions using an experimental model. Five samples were prepared from the resected lesions of AEL patients: (A) 10% suspension of trypsin digests of the minced lesion; (B) 10% suspension of mesh-filtered sediment of the minced lesion; (C) 10% sediment suspension after washing the nonminced lesion; (D) supernatant after centrifuging intracystic fluid; (E) 10% sediment suspension after centrifuging intracystic fluid. A 1-ml aliquot of each sample was injected intraperitoneally into jirds (gerbils) or cotton rats, respectively. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks later, and intraperitoneal metacestodes were observed. All samples except D developed metacestodes, and their histologies were all lesions of typical alveolar echinococcosis. These results suggest that a needle biopsy may cause intraperitoneal dissemination or tracial implantation of the parasites along the track of the needle.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complete resolution of an alveolar echinococcosis liver lesion following percutaneous treatment.

Herein we present a 63-year-old male patient with a solid hepatic alveolar echinococcosis diagnosed by surgical biopsy. His liver lesion, which was infected, was drained by percutaneous catheterization. The lesion surprisingly disappeared completely after the treatment. The patient was followed-up without any symptoms for 20 months after the drainage. As alveolar echinococcosis of the liver behaves like a slow-growing liver cancer, the disappearance of our patient's lesion was a very unusual and rare outcome, which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been published in the literature.

Drainage↗
PubMed1997

The immunodiagnostic potential of Echinococcus granulosus adult-worm antigens in human cystic echinococcosis.

Echinococcus granulosus adult-worm antigens were characterised for assessment of their immunodiagnostic potential for human cystic echinococcosis (CE). The analysis of worm extracts by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed a sensitivity of 83% for CE, which is comparable with data obtained for cyst-fluid-based serodiagnostic tests. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated E. granulosus worm mRNA revealed a range of low-molecular-weight antigenic proteins (12-45 kDa) recognised by human CE sera. E. granulosus adult worms may provide an additional or alternative source to metacestode material for the isolation of both native and recombinant antigens to be considered for the serodiagnosis of human echinococcosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Hepatopulmonary fistula caused by alveolar echinococcosis: report of a case.

Alveolar echinococcosis is a parasitosis endemic to red fox habitats in the northern hemisphere. The liver is the most commonly affected organ, followed by the lungs. We report the case of an elderly woman with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) complicated by a hepatopulmonary fistula. We performed a one-stage operation for the hepatic and pulmonary lesions through the transdiaphragmatic route via a laparotomy. We report this case to emphasize that the first-line treatment for a hepatopulmonary fistula caused by HAE should be radical surgery, which results in relief of symptoms and a good outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Solid cerebral echinococcosis mimicking a primary brain tumor.

Solitary brain affection is rare in echinococcosis. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman presenting with symptomatic grand-mal epilepsy due to a right frontal, partially cystic space-occupying lesion. Pre-operative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested a cystic astrocytoma. However, histological examination yielded the diagnosis of a 'chitinoma', a rare subtype of solid cerebral hydatid disease (echinococcosis). It mimicked a primary brain tumor and, therefore, posed a diagnostic problem. We present the--to our knowledge--first MRI scans in a case of a histologically proven chitinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alveolar liver echinococcosis: a comparative study of three imaging techniques.

BACKGROUND: We compared the imaging findings in patients with alveolar liver echinococcosis using ultrasound (US), computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 30 patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) were examined with the above imaging techniques. RESULTS: 30 lesions were detected with all three methods and most lesions (n = 55) were detected with CT. Calcifications were seen in 15 lesions with US, in 21 with CT and in 16 with MRI. MRI best detected necrotic areas and multivesicuLar structures. CONCLUSION: US is the screening method of choice and should primarily be complemented by CT due to its ability to detect the greatest number of lesions and clear demarcation of the characteristic calcifications. MRI may facilitate the diagnosis in uncertain cases with noncalcified or partially calcified lesions by showing the characteristic multivesicular structure, necrotic areas and proximity to vascular structures.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Intracerebral alveolar echinococcosis.

There are two species of the genus Echinococcus, Echinococcus multilocularis (also called alveolar hydatid) and Echinococcus granulosus, characterized by distinct growth features in humans. The main endemic regions for human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by E. multilocularis are Central Europe, Russia, Turkey, Japan, China, eastern France and North America. Human echinococcosis is usually caused by an intrahepatic growth of parasitic larvae. Cerebral occurrence of E. multilocularis disease is rare, accounting for only 1% of cases, and is generally considered to be fatal. This report presents two cases of intracerebral E. multilocularis disease which occurred in two infected patients with AE pulmonary metastases. The anatomical and clinical features are discussed. Our retrospective survey would indicate that surgical treatment should be envisaged whenever possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resurgence of hydatid disease (echinococcosis) in communities in northern Israel.

Hydatid disease (echinococcosis), formerly endemic in the area of Israel, has occurred only sporadically in the past 40 years, mostly in immigrants. An unusual spatial and temporal cluster of surgically confirmed infections in northern Israel led to a review of echinococcosis hospital records. This revealed a resurgence of the disease in some rural and semirural Arab and Druze communities. Between 1960 and 1989, 224 cases of hydatid disease were surgically confirmed in residents of these communities. During this period, as the Arab-Druze population doubled, the mean annual surgical incidence of new cases per 100,000 rose 5-fold from 1.4 to 7.1. In Yirka, a Druze community of 7500 persons, from which no cases were known before 1970 and in which 52 cases were surgically confirmed thereafter, the mean annual surgical incidence for 1980-1989 rose to 53/100,000, to become one of the highly endemic areas of the world. The probable explanation of the outbreak is that, since 1967 with the opening of the border, importation of infected sheep has occurred from the hydatid-endemic West Bank region to individual homes in the communities in northern Israel. The sheep are raised to maturity in pens before home slaughtering; the offal, available to dogs, resulted in canine and then human infections.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1985

Primary mediastinal echinococcosis.

Computed tomography findings with surgical details are presented in a case of hydatid cyst of posterior mediastinum, a rare site of involvement in echinococcosis infestation. The computed tomography appearance of posterior mediastinal echinococcosis is quite characteristic and can be readily distinguished from other cystic lesions of the mediastinum. Computed tomography provides additional information regarding the involvement of neighboring structures. In this case, computed tomography detected involvement of the descending aorta.

Adult↗