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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Phoretic nest parasites use sexual deception to obtain transport to their host's nest.

Cooperative behaviors are common among social insects such as bees, wasps, ants, and termites, but they have not been reported from insect species that use aggressive mimicry to manipulate and exploit prey or hosts. Here we show that larval aggregations of the blister beetle Meloe franciscanus, which parasitize nests of the solitary bee Habropoda pallida, cooperate to exploit the sexual communication system of their hosts by producing a chemical cue that mimics the sex pheromone of the female bee. Male bees are lured to larval aggregations, and upon contact (pseudocopulation) the beetle larvae attach to the male bees. The larvae transfer to female bees during mating and subsequently are transported to the nests of their hosts. To mimic the chemical and visual signals of female bees effectively, the parasite larvae must cooperate, emphasizing the adaptive value of cooperation between larvae. The aggressive chemical mimicry by the beetle larvae and their subsequent transport to their hosts' nests by the hosts themselves provide an efficient solution to the problem of locating a critical but scarce resource in a harsh environment.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The breast cancer prevention diet by Dr. Bob Arnot: unscientific and deceptive--a disservice to American women.

The following report is a critical review of the recently published book by NBC's chief medical correspondent, Dr. Bob Arnot, entitled, The Breast Cancer Prevention Diet: The Powerful Foods, Supplements, and Drugs That Can Save Your Life. The review represents the official opinion of the American Council on Science and Health (ACSH), a nonprofit public health education and advocacy group supported by a board of over 250 scientific and policy advisors. The scientists at the ACSH express their profound concern about the misleading, unscientific, and speculative advice that Dr. Arnot offers to women who wish to reduce their risk of breast cancer, i.e., to all women. The ACSH believes, first, that in the absence of sound, peer-reviewed evidence supporting such advice, there is harm in recommending lifestyle modifications for the purpose of preventing breast cancer. The ACSH also believes that a physician (and particularly one in a position of public trust, such as a professional media health expert) should refrain from selling advice based on the twin philosophies that "you can't afford to wait" for the evidence, and that "you can only improve your health" with this diet. Indeed, unproven interventions such as those put forth in this book can have negative effects on both physical and psychological health. The ACSH contacted many of the scientists quoted or cited in Dr. Arnot's book. Some expressed concerns regarding the book's message or the misrepresentation of their work or both. Those physicians affiliated with the Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) in New York, while expressing their concerns about the claims made in the book, informed the ACSH that they had been "advised" not to comment on The Breast Cancer Prevention Diet. The MSKCC public relations office acknowledged that the center had serious concerns about the Arnot book and that these concerns had been conveyed to the publisher, Little, Brown and Co., and to Dr. Arnot. The MSKCC representative noted that Dr. Arnot had "graciously" agreed to delete all references to MSKCC from future editions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Somatoform deception.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Deception.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Behavioural and functional anatomical correlates of deception in humans.

Brain activity in humans telling lies has yet to be elucidated. We developed an objective approach to its investigation, utilizing a computer-based interrogation and fMRI. Interrogatory questions probed recent episodic memory in 30 volunteers studied outside and 10 volunteers studied inside the MR scanner. In a counter-balanced design subjects answered specified questions both truthfully and with lies. Lying was associated with longer response times (p < 0.001) and greater activity in bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortices (p < 0.05, corrected). These findings were replicated using an alternative protocol. Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex may be engaged in generating lies or withholding the truth.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deceptive documentation in home healthcare nursing.

Home healthcare nurses are sometimes faced with a dilemma that is unique in nursing. Should they document client needs and health status so that reimbursement for nursing care is assured, even when the client does not meet all criteria for reimbursement? The discussion that follows examines this question by applying traditional principles of healthcare ethics to an individual case and offers one resolution to a dilemma that has not been addressed previously in the nursing literature.

Aged↗