Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DEMOGRAPHY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Demography of pastoralists: preliminary data on the Datoga of Tanzania.

"Preliminary demographic data are presented on the Datoga, a semi-nomadic pastoral population of northern Tanzania. In comparison with other pastoral populations Datoga fertility is high. There is a marked seasonal distribution of births that is only partly associated with rainfall patterns. Survivorship chances up to the age of 15 are poor, and are independently affected by both length of the preceding interbirth interval and survivorship of the previous child. The results are discussed in the context of ecological and social factors that affect fertility and offspring mortality rates in pastoral populations."

Africa↗
PubMed1990

War demography: the impact of the 1808-09 war on the civilian population of Aland, Finland.

"A pre-industrial population crisis caused by a war is examined using Finnish historical records. During the War of Finland (1808-09) the Swedish military deployed on the Aland Islands helped spread infectious diseases among the civilian population. The result was a short but intense period of high mortality. This article focuses on the short-term demographic impact of this crisis. Changes in age-specific and sex-specific mortality, fertility, and nuptiality are explored....A projection, assuming that the crisis did not occur, indicates that Aland's population losses were never compensated." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Potential demography: a second look.

"In the late forties Hersch (1944) and Mentha (1948) introduced, respectively, the concepts of 'potential years of life' (PYL) and 'potential years of life lost' (PYLL).... Our objectives are: (a) to draw attention to Hersch's concept of potential years of life (PYL) and to illustrate its usefulness; (b) to define and illustrate three different manners of computing PYLL and to recommend one that is simple, intuitively acceptable and reasonably accurate; (c) to propose some further indicators that can be derived from PYL, PYLL and the relations between them; and (d) to discuss briefly the assumptions underlying the calculation of PYL and PYLL, and in particular those assumptions that are made in the attribution of loss in potential years of life to specific risk factors." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Biology↗
PubMed1989

Demography and the shaping of Israel's borders.

"This paper will show that the demographic map of the Land of Israel in its present form is essentially the principal factor in shaping the extent of Jewish settlement in this generation, and that there is little possibility of changing this pattern except for making small and insignificant adjustments." The author describes the changing demographic picture in Palestine from the late nineteenth century to the present day, particularly changes in the ethnic composition of the population. He concludes that the presence of a majority Arab population in the Occupied Territories of Judea, Samaria, and the Gaza Strip will oblige Israel to compromise with regard to granting cultural and political autonomy. Furthermore, three large Arab enclaves in Israel proper--Galilee, the triangle, and the Bedouin Negev--will have to be given up if current settlement patterns do not radically change, which is itself unlikely.

Asia↗
PubMed1998

Things ain't what they used to be! Demography, mental cohorts, morality and values in post-war Australia.

This is the "presidential address to the Ninth Biennial Conference of the Australian Population Association, Brisbane, 30 September 1998.... I propose to look back 50 or so years, at a period of demographic change in Australia that I have found intensely interesting, and that it is hard to imagine will be rivalled in extent or profoundness over the next half century." Aspects considered include morality and values--demographic evidence of change; broad changes in nuptiality and fertility; the sexual revolution; contraception; and life cycle changes.

Australia↗
PubMed1986

The social demography of shared housing.

"Despite the prevalence of shared housing in Australia, almost one-third of all households, little is known about who are the people who share accommodation, and why they do so. Using a sample of 4,560 households, this paper presents a demographic profile of shared dwellings and tests some of the prevailing assumptions about why certain groups may have a propensity to share. Some of the implications of the findings for existing housing policies are pointed out and directions for future research are suggested."

Australia↗
PubMed1997

The contemporary demography of indigenous Australians.

"Increased public policy focus on indigenous Australians over the past 30 years has resulted in a substantial expansion of demographic analysis over the same period. This paper reviews these efforts and summarizes the main topics, findings and debates. The accumulated evidence points to both demographic change and continuity. Change: in that mortality has declined; fertility levels have been much reduced; urbanization has burgeoned and population growth has entered a phase of rapid increase. Continuity: because mortality is still much higher than the Australian average; fertility remains at a level well above that reported for all women; most individuals still live away from major cities; and the estimation of overall numbers still hinges on a social construction of identity."

Australia↗
PubMed2001

Extrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction from a crossing renal vessel: demography and imaging.

BACKGROUND: The increase in the use of prenatal ultrasound has revolutionized the detection of hydronephrosis and has had an unanticipated consequence. OBJECTIVE: To describe the new demographics of symptomatic ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and the characteristic imaging findings, when the obstruction is extrinsic, from a crossing renal vessel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From a uroradiology database (1994 through 1999) we identified children with surgically corrected UPJ obstruction from intrinsic and extrinsic causes. RESULTS: One hundred children had symptomatic UPJ obstruction treated by surgery. In 51 (49 %), obstruction was due to a crossing vessel. One hundred and one had UPJ obstruction detected by prenatal sonography. Only 11 (11%) were due to a vessel. Two clinical and imaging findings were strongly suggestive of obstruction from a vessel: (1) in 5 of the 100 children the symptoms (pain, nausea, and vomiting) were intermittent. Only when symptoms were present were there hydronephrosis and obstruction; (2) in 51 of the 100 children a short segment of ureter, just below the UPJ, was filled with contrast or urine (on renal sonography, intravenous urography, or retrograde/antegrade ureterography). CONCLUSIONS: Extrinsic UPJ obstruction caused by a vessel is an uncommon cause of obstruction when all patients are considered. However, in symptomatic older patients whose hydronephrosis was not first identified on prenatal sonography, a vessel was the cause of obstruction in one half.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Bone tumours in Cameroon: incidence, demography and histopathology.

A multicentre analysis was carried out on bone tumours in Cameroon during a 10-year period. Registers and patient records of five pathology laboratories were consulted, and all patients with a histological report of a bone tumour were included in the study. A total of 268 bone tumours were studied and the average incidence was 27 tumours a year, or two per one million inhabitants. Of these tumours 48% were benign, 45% were primary bone cancers and only 6% were metastatic disease. Among the primary malignant bone tumours, osteosarcoma was the most frequent (39%), followed by non-Hodgkin's primary bone lymphoma, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. Primary site of the metastatic bone tumours was prostatic adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, hepatocarcinoma and thyroid cancer. In Cameroon many bone tumours are not diagnosed due to lack of medical facilities and little awareness among our medical staff. It is likely that the real incidence is at least ten times higher than that shown in our report.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Genetic demography of Antioquia (Colombia) and the Central Valley of Costa Rica.

We report a comparative genetic characterization of two population isolates with parallel demographic histories: the Central Valley of Costa Rica (CVCR) and Antioquia (in northwest Colombia). The analysis of mtDNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal polymorphisms shows that Antioquia and the CVCR are genetically very similar, indicating that closely related parental populations founded these two isolates. In both populations, the male ancestry is predominantly European, whereas the female ancestry is mostly Amerind. In agreement with their isolation, the Amerindian mtDNA diversity of Antioquia and the CVCR is typical of ethnically-defined native populations and is markedly lower than in other Latin American populations. A comparison of linkage disequilibrium (LD) at 18 marker pairs in Antioquia and the CVCR shows that markers in LD in both populations are located at short genetic distances (<approximately 1 cM), whereas markers separated by greater distances are in LD only in the CVCR. This difference probably reflects stochastic variation of LD at the limited number of genome regions compared. The genetic similarity of the populations from Antioquia and the CVCR together with differences in LD between them should be exploitable for the identification and fine mapping of shared disease-related gene variants.

Colombia↗