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PubMed1994

Coking to death?

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Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hematological findings among workers exposed to benzene at a coke oven by-product recovery facility.

Hematological findings on a population of 70 male workers exposed to benzene revealed no significant differences when compared statistically to a control group on the basis of estimated cumulative doses using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett's t statistic procedure. The hematological data evaluated included the following parameters: red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, and hemoglobin levels. Cumulative benzene exposure indices for each employee were estimated utilizing available personal monitoring and general air sampling data, as well as the professional judgment of local environmental health engineers familiar with the operations. Although the accuracy of these exposure estimates is unknown, the results provide no evidence that the present OSHA standard (10 ppm) is inadequate with respect to the non-leukemogenic, hematotoxic effects of chronic benzene exposure.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Associations between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and temporal change of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in Taiwanese coke-oven workers.

OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to analyze the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and the temporal change of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP). METHODS: Two personal air samples, eight spot urine samples, and questionnaires were used to collect PAH exposure, urinary 1-OHP, demographic data, and environmental pollutants. RESULTS: Topside-oven workers had significantly higher levels of PAH exposure and 1-OHP than side-oven workers. Urinary 1-OHP was a biomarker for PAH exposure. In topside-oven workers, the trend of 1-OHP increased sharply and reached the top in the sixth day after work and declined dramatically on days off. In side-oven workers, such a trend was not found, and those who smoked showed a slight increase in urinary 1-OHP levels on days off. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the pattern of temporal change of urinary 1-OHP levels is different between topside-oven and side-oven workers.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Isolation and characterization of phenol-catabolizing bacteria from a coking plant.

New phenol degrading bacteria with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance were isolated as Burkholderia cepacia PW3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT2. Both isolates could grow aerobically on phenol as a sole carbon source even at 3 g/l. The whole-cell kinetic properties for phenol degradation by strains PW3 and AT2 showed a Vmax of 0.321 and 0.253 mg/l/min/(mg protein), respectively. The metabolic pathways for phenol biodegradation in both strains were assigned to the meta-cleavage activity of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed2004

Occupational exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons at a coke plant: Part I. Identification of hydrocarbons in air and their metabolites in urine by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method.

A method for the qualitative analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons in air and their various urinary metabolites is presented. The air was sampled in charcoal tubes and extracted with carbon disulfide. The hydrocarbons were identified as being aliphatic hydrocarbons (C(9)-C(19)), aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds. The urinary metabolites after enzymatic hydrolysis were analyzed by solid-phase extraction with a styrene-divinylbenzene resin, silylation with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide and GC/MS for separation and detection. Satisfactory separation of all compounds investigated was achieved without interference due to matrix peaks. The following compounds were identified in the urine of workers: dimethylphenol isomers, 4-ethyl-1,3-benzenediol, 2-ethoxybenzoic acid and methoxyphenols. Trimethylsilyl derivatives of aromatic hydroxyacids and hydroxymethoxyacids were found in the urine of occupationally exposed workers by means of a silylation procedure.

Adult↗