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PubMed2006

Librarians in the Woods Hole Biomedical Informatics course.

What has come to be known as the "Woods Hole course", Biomedical Informatics, is a week-long course sponsored by the National Library of Medicine which has been offered since 1992. Its participants include librarians, clinicians, educators, and administrators. This article discusses the content of the course and its applicability to medical librarians.

Librarians↗
PubMed1976

Self-destruction and religion.

In this paper a brief analysis of the development of the Western world after the second world war is attempted. It is stated that since the start of the sixties, anomie can be perceived in many of the components of its socio-cultural complex, especially in some major areas like the economy and religion, deeply influencing the others. To test the assumption that Durkheim's anomie theory is still valid and offers an adequate frame of reference for research of the underlying phenomena, the outcome of a research on 9.189 completed suicides in the Netherlands during the period 1961--1970 is presented, giving force to the validity and usefulness of this theory.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

[Bioethical issues in contemporary medical sciences].

Unprecedented advances in the natural sciences and in medical technology bring many moral issues unknown to previous generations. Very often in their medical practice physicians face problems in which the basic role is played by moral commitment. In this context, a set of qualitatively new questions emerges: Should we continue medical treatment when the patient asks that it be discontinued? Must we preserve the life of the irreversibly comatose patients? How to assess moral aspects of various forms of donating organs for transplants in evolving social-cultural situation? Does any religion provide a definition of biological death that would be inconsistent with the definition provided by the medical sciences? To answer such ethical questions that emerge in our evolving culture, there is an urgent need for interdisciplinary discussions developed by scientists, philosophers, and theologians. In a philosophically justified attitude of Christian personalism, any life has an unique value, though it cannot be regarded as an absolutely highest value (The Catechism of the Catholic Church, p. 2289). The donation of the organs should be regarded as an act of love. To be an act of human person, the decision of donation should be expressed in a free and deliberate, manne. In this perspective, the principle of the presumed consent is assessed critically because it implies hierarchy of values in which pure pragmatism is appreciated more than the love to our neighbours (The Catechism... p. 2296). Certainly, the standpoint of pragmatism as such must not be assessed negatively; the sacredness of life, its dignity, God-dependence and objective value cannot be, however, adequately expressed in purely pragmatic terms. The latter categories are basic also in providing Christman answer to may ethical questions raised in contemporary medical sciences.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1995

Galileo and the embryos: religion and science in parliamentary debate over research on human embryos.

Confrontation between science and religion was a significant feature of the lengthy public appraisal of research on human embryos in Britain during the 1880s. The series of formal debates over embryo research in the House of Lords is chosen as a particularly appropriate setting to study this confrontation. It is shown that religious opposition to embryo research was repeatedly attacked in these debates by means of a stereotyped contrast between religious and scientific styles of thought. Leading figures in the movement for embryo research attempted to discredit their opponents by claiming that, whereas their own case was built upon reasoned assessment of the facts, the other side relied on religious dogma, clerical authority and faith. It is shown that, although there were genuine differences between those critical of embryo research on religious grounds and those supporting such research on grounds furnished by scientists, this account of the differences is inaccurate: dogma, reliance on authority and faith were as characteristic of the discourse associated with science as they were of that associated with religion. It is argued that these features were not generated by the presence of religious or scientific beliefs as such, but by the struggle between advocates of science and religion for intellectual and moral dominance.

Beginning of Human Life↗
PubMed1981

[Anniversary 1980 of the history of the Faculty of Medicine Wittenberg (II): education and research during Christian Vater's (1651-1732) and Abraham Vater's (1684-1751) duration of office].

Fixed jubilees from the history of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Wittenberg gave rise to remember the work of some representative persons. We remind of the investigations of the hypophysis carried out by the professor in ordinary Konrad Viktor Schneider (1614-1680) who died 300 years age and of the clinical and theoretically significant achievements of Daniel Sennert (1572-1637). Christian Vater (1651-1732) and Abraham Vater (1684-1751) once more coin a profile of the medical science in the 18th century, whose details in teaching and research were to be illustrated in the present treatise.

Germany↗
PubMed1994

Vatican error.

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Abortion, Legal↗