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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Changes in clinical presentation of term infants with intracranial hemorrhage.

The clinical course and outcome of eight term infants with intracranial hemorrhage are reported. Before computerized tomography became available, term infants with intracranial hemorrhage were usually diagnosed only at autopsy and the hemorrhage was associated with a trauamtic birth or severe asphyxia. In contrast, since the availability of computerized tomography, term infants with a diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhave have a non-traumatic delivery, present with seizures, and survive.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1991

Changes in life and care in the year before death 1969-1987.

Studies based on random samples of adult deaths in 1969 and 1987 show that, although more people in the recent study were living alone in the year before they die (32 per cent compared with 15 per cent in the earlier study), there had also been an increase in the proportions living in institutions and being admitted to hospital in the 12 months before their death. More of those dying in 1987 than in 1969 had had a home help, whereas the proportion receiving care from district nurses was similar for the two studies and the amount of home visiting by general practitioners had fallen. A higher proportion of those dying of cancer in 1987 than in 1969 were thought to have known that they were dying (44 per cent against 16 per cent) and that they had cancer (73 per cent compared with 29 per cent). However, the proportion of relatives and others who thought the dying person's awareness, or lack of awareness, of the prognosis was 'best as it was' was lower for people dying of cancer in the more recent study (57 per cent against 69 per cent). The symptoms reported for those dying in 1969 and 1987 were generally similar but more of those who died in 1987 had suffered from mental confusion, depression and incontinence for a year or more. This reflects the increased age at which people were dying in the later study: longer life was sometimes associated with the prolongation of unpleasant symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Neuropsychological dysfunction following repeat concussions in jockeys.

BACKGROUND: Single and repeat concussions have a high prevalence in sport. However, there is limited research into longterm risks associated with single and repeat concussions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of single and repeat historical concussions on the neuropsychological functioning and neurological reports of licensed jockeys. METHODS: Six hundred and ninety eight licensed jockeys in the UK were assessed for neurological and neuropsychological symptoms of concussion at least three months after potential episodes. RESULTS: Jockeys reporting multiple historical injuries versus a single injury showed reliable decrements on a measure of response inhibition and, to a less robust degree, on divided attention. Younger adults showed greater vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated concussion is associated with reliable decrements in cognitive performance--even after a three month window for recent recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The clinical features of 16 cases of stroke associated with administration of IVIg.

This report characterizes the clinical features of 16 cases of stroke associated with IV immunoglobulin infusions. Fourteen of the strokes occurred within 24 hours of an infusion and 50% of the patients were receiving IV immunoglobulin for the first time. Nine patients had multifocal infarctions. All but one of the patients had stroke risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Changing trends in the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Europe. Biomed Study Group.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is not a uniform disease entity, and in order to investigate the reported changes in incidence we have set up a study in seven population-based cancer registries in Europe. The study is designed to look at changes in the incidence of total NHL and disease subgroups using standard definitions and methodology. The registries are based in Leeds, Dijon, Kuopio, Odense, Florence, Eindhoven, and Ragussa. The classification system we have used is based on the REAL classification and has utility for epidemiological studies. We have used it to convert data sets which have utilized both local cases and the ICD-O classification. In order to improve data reproducibility, CLL/LL, myeloma/MGUS, lymphoblastic disease, and Hodgkin's disease have been excluded because of the difficulty in defining incident cases accurately. The preliminary results of this study show that there is still an upward trend in incidence rate and that in Yorkshire this is 3% per annum in total NHL. The subgroups which are increasing are extranodal and nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Similar increases in incidence have been reported for the other registries. We conclude that there is a continued upward trend in incidence of NHL, the causes of which are uncertain.

Europe↗
PubMed2004

Eating disorder emergencies: understanding the medical complexities of the hospitalized eating disordered patient.

Eating disorders are maladaptive eating behaviors that typically develop in adolescence and early adulthood. Psychiatric maladies and comorbid conditions, especially insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, frequently co-exist with eating disorders. Serious medical complications affecting all organs and tissues can develop and result in numerous emergent hospitalizations. This article reviews the pathophysiologies of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and orthorexia nervosa and discusses the complexities associated with the treatment of medical complications seen in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Focusing on dreams. A preparation program for psychotherapy.

Forty-eight patients selected as potential early dropouts from insight-oriented psychotherapy were offered a two-week program to prepare them for treatment. Thirty-two were sleep-monitored for eight nights; half were given access to their dreams by awakening them from rapid eye movement (REM) sleep periods; the other half were awakened as often, but only from non-FEM (NREM) stages. A third group of 16 subjects went directly into treatment. All laboratory subjects were asked each morning to recall and discuss the reports they had given during the night. The effect of these discussions was measured on the drop-out rate during the first ten treatment hours and on the development of treatment-appropriate behaviors. Those who successfully retrieved and discussed dreams as opposed to other content stayed in therapy at a significantly higher rate and used the hours more productively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A large duplication in the 3'-untranslated region of a subpopulation of RNA2 of the UK-M isolate of barley mild mosaic bymovirus.

The UK-M isolate of the bipartite barley mild mosaic bymovirus (BaMMV UK-M) cannot be fungally transmitted, and has previously been shown to have a 1092 nt deletion in the coding region of RNA2. We now report, using sequence and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) data, that a subpopulation of BaMMV UK-M RNA2 contains a direct imperfect sequence repeat of 552 nt in the 3' untranslated region. The secondary structure of the 3' end of RNA2, and its possible effects on replication of the virus, are also discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Ubiquitin-positive achromatic neurons in corticobasal degeneration.

A 66-year-old woman presented with an alien limb syndrome without dementia. The course of her illness was unremitting and at autopsy 6 years later her diagnosis was confirmed as corticobasal degeneration without Alzheimer-type pathology. Although the presence of ballooned achromatic cortical neurons and cell loss from the substantia nigra distinguishes such patients, the site and density of achromatic neurons has not previously been quantified. We show that immunohistochemistry for the cell stress protein ubiquitin selectively stains these achromatic neurons, whereas they do not stain for abnormally phosphorylated tau protein. Phosphorylated neurofilament antibodies recognise both ballooned and non-ballooned neurons. In this case, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in frontal cortical regions with the highest densities in layers V and VI of the anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in the insular cortex, claustrum and amygdala. These results confirm past reports of frontal pathology, but show that there is also considerable pathology in insular and parahippocampal cortical regions and some subcortical regions. Our findings suggest that the distribution and staining characteristics of ballooned neurons in corticobasal degeneration may help to differentiate these cases pathologically, while the absence of dementia appears to be an important clinical criterion.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The puzzle of sepsis: fitting the pieces of the inflammatory response with treatment.

Sepsis is a complex syndrome characterized by simultaneous activation of inflammation and coagulation in response to microbial insult. These events manifest as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)/sepsis symptoms through release of proinflammatory cytokines, procoagulants, and adhesion molecules from immune cells and/or damaged endothelium.Conventional treatments have focused on source control, antimicrobials, vasopressors, and fluid resuscitation; however, a new treatment paradigm exists: that of treating the host response to infection with adjunct therapies including early goal directed therapy, drotrecogin alfa (activated), and immunonutrition. The multimechanistic drotrecogin alfa (activated) has been shown to reduce mortality in the severely septic patient when combined with traditional treatment. Therapies targeting improved oxygen and blood flow and reduction of apoptosis and free radicals are under investigation. Early sepsis diagnosis through detection of pro calcitonin, C reactive protein, sublingual CO2, and genetic factors may be beneficial. Ultimately, intervention timing may be the most important factor in reducing severe sepsis mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom: the Yorkshire Regional Childhood Diabetes Register.

A register of the incidence of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the Yorkshire region of the United Kingdom has been completed. A total of 1,490 subjects aged between 0 and 16 years were identified from 1978 to 1990, giving an incidence of 13.7 per 100,000 (ages 0-14) or 13.6 per 100,000 (ages 0-16), comparable to other recent studies in the United Kingdom. An age-period-cohort analysis shows evidence for a modest drift effect of 1.75% per year (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 3.25%). There is a marked epidemic pattern with peaks at 4-year intervals. The age-incidence curve is similar to that reported elsewhere, having peaks in early childhood and puberty. Girls have an earlier pubertal peak than boys. There is substantial seasonal variation in incidence confined to those over 5 years of age. Ascertainment is believed to be very complete, and is estimated to be 97.6% (95% confidence interval 97.2% to 98.1%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Genetically determined debrisoquine oxidation capacity in bladder cancer.

A report is given of a series of bladder cancer cases examined for the oxidation capacity demonstrated by the use of debrisoquine. No overall association of poor and extensive metaboliser exists between bladder cancer patients and a control group. An absolute association between a benzidine exposed subgroup and metaboliser status exists, but the numbers are too small to indicate the true nature of this relationship.

Benzidines↗
PubMed1995

Multiple interacting elements delineate an ecdysone-dependent regulatory region with secondary responsive character.

Within the 2.2 kb region between hsp23 and gene 1 of the small heat shock gene locus 67B1 of Drosophila melanogaster, an approximately 1 kb perturbation of the chromatin architecture has previously been observed to occur in response to the steroid hormone ecdysone. Transient expression assays in hormonally-responsive Drosophila tissue culture cells utilizing hsp70-lacZ chimeric reporter constructs revealed the presence of ecdysone-dependent regulatory sequences in this hsp23-gene 1 intergenic region. The analysis delimited five functional segments: three core regions which were completely encompassed within the region of chromatin perturbation, and two gene-proximal regions which appear to be functionally equivalent under some circumstances. None of the delineated regions was capable of stimulating expression independently, while sub-maximal expression was obtained when combinations of two or three regions were monitored. This requirement for multiple DNA segments to drive maximal transcription suggested that cooperative interactions between the regions were essential for full hormonal responsiveness. Unexpectedly, no binding of the ecdysone receptor was detectable within any of the delineated regions, implying the involvement of multiple non-receptor factors in the observed hormonal responsiveness. The ecdysone-dependent activation of reporter constructs driven by these sequences showed a significant time lag and was coupled with a marked sensitivity to low concentrations of cycloheximide. The data obtained strongly suggest that the cis-acting elements delimited within the hsp23-gene 1 intergenic region respond to ecdysone in a secondary manner, presumably by requiring interaction with the product(s) of primary ecdysone-responsive genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Linkage analysis of a large Latin-American family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa and metallic sheen in the heterozygote carrier.

An extended linkage analysis was performed on the large Latin-American kindred with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) and metallic sheen in the heterozygous carrier studied and reported previously by R.L. Nussbaum et al. (1985, Hum. Genet. 70:45-50) and on a smaller family with the same XLRP variant. In these kindreds the XLRP locus shows close linkage with Xp21 marker loci OTC and DXS206. The results of this linkage analysis agree with the observations made by Nussbaum et al. (1985) that an XLRP locus is distal to DXS7.

Crossing Over, Genetic↗