Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Basketball”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Motivational climate, beliefs about the bases of success, and sportsmanship behaviors of professional basketball athletes.

Professional basketball players (n = 76 men and n = 41 women) completed the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, an early version of the Multidimensional Sportsmanship Orientations Scale, and a measure of beliefs about the bases for success. The perception of mastery-oriented climate scales were positively associated with the belief that success is due to hard work and to reports of sportsmanship behaviors. The perception of performance-oriented climate scales were positively linked with the beliefs that success is caused by deception and high ability. Most relationships reflected individual differences in perceived motivational climate of athletes within each team.

Achievement↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of sport achievement orientation of male professional, amateur, and wheelchair basketball athletes.

To examine the differences in sport achievement orientation among 35 professional, 36 amateur, and 35 wheelchair basketball athletes, these men completed three subscales of Competitiveness, Win orientation, and Goal orientation of the 25-item Sport Orientation Questionnaire. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated significant differences among groups. Win orientation was the factor, through discriminant function analysis, that significantly separated the athletes into the three groups. The highest win score was obtained by the professional, followed by the amateur and wheelchair groups. Replication study is necessary to confirm the present findings.

Achievement↗
PubMed1999

Shoulder pain in female wheelchair basketball players.

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive self-report survey. OBJECTIVES: To assess activity level, medical history, and the prevalence and intensity of shoulder and upper extremity pain experienced during functional activities in female athletes who compete in wheelchairs. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have documented a high incidence of upper extremity soft tissue disorders in athletes who compete in wheelchairs. None of these studies have specifically focused on female athletes who use wheelchairs. METHODS AND MEASURES: Forty-six female wheelchair basketball players completed an anonymous survey that included demographic data, medical history data, and the Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index (WUSPI). The WUSPI is a valid and reliable self-report measure scored from 0 to 150, with higher scores indicating a greater intensity of shoulder pain during functional activities. RESULTS: The average age of the respondents was 33.2 (+/- 9.1) years, with an average of 12.5 (+/- 10.2) years of wheelchair use. Their disabilities included 39% spinal cord injury, 28% various lower extremity musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disabilities, 13% postpolio paralysis, 11% spina bifida, and 9% amputations. Only 14% of the subjects reported shoulder pain prior to wheelchair use. In contrast, 72% of the subjects reported shoulder pain since wheelchair use, with 52% reporting current shoulder pain. Overall, the subjects scored an average +/- SD performance-corrected total WUSPI score of 15.6 +/- 20.5 on a scale of 0 to 150 points, with 0 representing no pain. The highest intensity of shoulder pain was reported during household chores, propulsion on ramps or inclines, lifting overhead, and while sleeping. CONCLUSIONS: Shoulder and upper extremity pain was a very common problem reported by over 90% of the subjects in this study. Prevention of pain and chronic disability in athletes who use wheelchairs should be addressed by coaches, players, and health care professionals.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of morphological plasticity in the cerebella of basketball players with MRI.

Cerebellum is a key structure involved in motor learning and coordination. In animal models, motor skill learning increased the volume of molecular layer and the number of synapses on Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the analogous change of cerebellar volume occurs in human population who learn specialized motor skills and practice them intensively for a long time. Magnetic resonance image (MRI)-based cerebellar volumetry was performed in basketball players and matched controls with V-works image software. Total brain volume, absolute and relative cerebellar volumes were compared between two groups. There was no significant group difference in the total brain volume, the absolute and the relative cerebellar volume. Thus we could not detect structural change in the cerebellum of this athlete group in the macroscopic level.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prospective imaging study of asymptomatic patellar tendinopathy in elite junior basketball players.

To evaluate the ability of ultrasonography to predict eventual symptoms in an at-risk population, 52 elite junior basketball players' patellar tendons were studied at baseline and again 16 months later. The group consisted of 10 study tendons (ultrasonographically hypoechoic at baseline) and 42 control tendons (ultrasonographically normal at baseline). By design, all tendons were asymptomatic at baseline. No differences were noted between subjects and controls at baseline for age, height, weight, training hours, and vertical jump. Functional (P < 0.01) and symptomatic outcome (P < 0.05) were poorer for subjects' tendons than for controls. Relative risk for developing symptoms of jumper's knee was 4.2 times greater in case tendons than in control tendons. Men were more likely to develop ultrasonographic changes than women (P < 0.025), and they also had significantly increased training hours per week (P < 0.01) in the study period. Half (50%) of abnormal tendons in women became ultrasonographically normal in the study period. Our data suggest that presence of an ultrasonographic hypoechoic area is associated with a greater risk of developing jumper's knee symptoms. Ultrasonographic patellar tendon changes may resolve, but this is not necessary for an athlete to become asymptomatic. Qualitative or quantitative analysis of baseline ultrasonographic images revealed it was not possible to predict which tendons would develop symptoms or resolve ultrasonographically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Analysis of changes in indicators of functional and motor readiness of female basketball players within one-year training cycles.

The basic goal of this work was the evaluation of functional and motor preparedness of 13 top female basketball players during a one-year training cycle. Across of the six time points the preparedness of subjects was measured by means of a twelve-test battery measuring the basic and specific motor and functional abilities. The experimental training program was the yearly training macrocycle with all its components and duration. The differences among individual measurements in the space of twelve basic and specific functional and motor variables were analyzed by the statistical procedures in the framework of discriminant analyses. In comparison to the first measurement, the players achieved better results in the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth measurements. On the multivariate level, only the analysis of differences between the first and third measurements indicated statistically significant differences. It can be concluded that the training process executed during the course of the preparation and competition periods (the transitional period was excluded from the analysis) induced positive changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Changes in oxygen consumption of basketball players during recovery after maximal load].

The purpose of this study was to determine the recovery period of basketball players after maximal load. Thirteen male subjects, aged 19-26 years, took part in this study. They performed an incremental cardiopulmonary test using an electronically braked bike ERGOLINE 9000. Ventilation and gas exchange were assessed and measured by breath-to-breath method using VMAX229 metabolic card and Sensor Medics gas flow analyzer. Heart rate parameters were established during continuous ECG monitoring and analysis integrated VMAX and Marquette 3.01 system. Quantitative changes of heart rate, oxygen consumption, double rate product, respiratory quotient, and metabolic equivalent were calculated or established by VMAX application algorithm. A recovery was defined through such parameters: T(HR90%)(time needed for 90% heart rate decreasing from heart rate maximum), T(HR90)(time needed for heart rate decreasing to 90 bpm), T(DPR90%)(time needed for 90% decreasing from a maximal double rate product), T(VO290%)(time needed for 90% decreasing from maximal oxygen consumption), T(RQ90%)(time needed for 90% decreasing from peak respiratory quotient), T(RQ0.9)(time needed for respiratory quotient normalization to 0.9 - to a standard value). Full recovery after maximal load was too long and completed during 1200 s, but some processes were completed earlier (lactic acid buffering within 95 s, oxygen requirement within 620 s, and normalization of heart action within 730 s). Further research is needed to explain this peculiarity of recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Chest pain and shortness of breath in a collegiate basketball player: case report and literature review.

An 18-yr-old college freshman basketball player at a Division I university suffered chest pain, dyspnea, and dizziness followed by syncope while running a 400-m dash. After an extensive multidisciplinary workup that eliminated all organic causes, the patient, an only child from a remote rural area, was found to be suffering from panic attacks with mild features of agoraphobia. Exertional chest pain is a common complaint in young athletes. The etiologies are myriad and can be referable to many organ systems; however, the cause is usually benign. Psychogenic origin is uncommon but must be considered when organic causes have been ruled out and the patient's social history is suggestive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Physiological differences in professional basketball players as a function of playing position and level of play.

AIM: The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the physical and physiological characteristics of different first (ProA) and second division (ProB) professional basketball players, and to relate them to playing position and level of play. METHODS: A total of 58 players were divided into ProA and ProB groups and were assessed for physical characteristics, maximal treadmill test and a 30 s all-out test. The sample included 22 centers, 22 forwards and 14 guards. RESULTS: Centers were significantly taller and heavier (203.9+/-5.3 cm and 103.9+/-12.4 kg) than forwards (195.8+/-4.8 cm and 89.4+/-7.1 kg) and guards (185.7+/-6.9 and 82+/-8.8 kg) and also had higher body fat percentages than the other groups. Forwards were also significantly taller than guards. Centers presented a lower maximal aerobic velocity (kmxh-1) than guards (15.5+/-1.2 vs 16.8+/-1.5, P<0.05) on the maximal treadmill test and a lower maximal velocity (rpm) than forwards (156.5+/-18.4 vs 170.3+/-18.3, P<0.05) on the 30 s all-out test. VO2max (mlxmin-1xkg-1) was significantly lower for ProA (53.7+/-6.7) compared to ProB (56.5+/-7.7) players and the fatigue index on the 30 s all-out test was higher for the ProA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Many physical differences, most notably size, exist between players as a function of their playing position. But these differences have no relationship to the level of play of professional players. General aerobic capacity is fairly homogeneous between playing position and level of play, even if there are observable VO2max differences due to inter-individual profiles. On the other hand, anaerobic capacity seems to be a better predictor of playing level even though it is not clear whether such capacity comes from specific training in ProA, or from an initial selection criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Physiological characteristics of elite female basketball players.

Successful performance in international basketball competition requires an appreciation of the physical demands of the sport and the capacities of the team to respond to those demands. Optimal performance now requires a combination of technical and tactical abilities as well as a high degree of physical fitness. The objectives of this study were to assess physiological components considered important to game performance in players selected to the national team roster in 1988 or 1989, and to use this information to describe the team and positional profiles. Data obtained from maximal treadmill tests, anthropometry, sprints, isokinetic dynamometry, and other tasks reflected those qualities required of elite players. In relation to previously reported data, the athletes were generally taller and heavier and had higher maximal aerobic power than international and college players of 7 to 10 years ago. The data can also be used to identify target standards for current and prospective team members.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Anthropometric, body composition and somatotype differences of Greek elite female basketball, volleyball and handball players.

AIM: The aims of the present study were: a) to determine the anthropometric profile, body composition and somatotype of elite Greek female basketball (B), volleyball (V) and handball (H) players, b) to compare the mean scores among sports and c) to detect possible differences in relation to competition level. METHODS: A total of 518 female athletes, all members of the Greek first National League (A1 and A2 division) in B, V and H sport teams participated in the present study. Twelve anthropometric measures required for the calculation of body composition indexes and somatotype components were obtained according to the established literature. RESULTS: V athletes were the tallest (P<0.001) among the three groups of athletes, had the lowest values of body fat (P<0.001) and their somatotype was characterized as balanced endomorph (3.4-2.7-2.9). B athletes were taller (P<0.01) and leaner (P<0.001) than H players, with a somatotype characterized as mesomorph-endomorph (3.7-3.2-2.4). H athletes were the shortest of all (P<0.01), had the highest percentage of body fat (P<0.001) and their somatotype was mesomorph-endomorph (4.2-4.7-1.8). In comparison with their A2 counterparts the A1 division players were taller (P<0.001) and heavier (P<0.01), but at the same time leaner (P<0.001), and exhibited higher homogeneity in somatotype characteristics (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric, body composition and somatotype variables of Greek female elite teamball players varied among sports; selection criteria, hours of training and sport-specific physiological demands during the game could explain the observed differences. More data are certainly needed to define the anthropometric profile of B, V and H female athletes internationally.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Force production characteristics of leg extensor, trunk flexor and extensor muscles in male and female basketball players.

Eleven male and nine female basketball players from two teams at the same relative competitive level were studied for the force production characteristics of their leg extensor, trunk flexor and extensor muscles. As expected, the male players demonstrated greater (p less than 0.001) absolute maximal strength in the three muscle groups than the females. When the force values were related to body weight, the differences became smaller but the male group could still produce higher values especially for the trunk flexor (p less than 0.01) and extensor muscles (p less than 0.05). The males demonstrated higher (p less than 0.001) values than the females for maximal vertical jumping height both in the squat jump (41.5 +/- 3.0 and 21.5 +/- 2.4 cm) and in the counter movement jump (43.9 +/- 4.0 and 24.8 +/- 2.5 cm). As expected, the times required to produce the same absolute force levels in the isometric force-time curves were significantly (p less than 0.001) shorter in the male team than in the female. However, the times needed to produce the same relative force levels were also shorter (p less than 0.05) in the male group. In the whole subject sample the individual values in maximal leg extension force correlated significantly (p less than 0.001) with the vertical jumping height. The present results suggest that the differences observed in force production characteristics between the male and female groups may not be explained only by the sexual difference but also by the differences in the overall volume and/or the type of strength and power training during the preparatory training season(s).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Basketball↗
PubMed1991

Posture in basketball players.

Static and dynamic posturography was recorded in eleven professional national basketball players (complete team). This sport requires balance and skill and is practiced by tall subjects (average height: 197 cm) with a history of 10 to 15 tibio-tarsal sprains. In static tests, with eyes open or closed, the way was similar between controls and players, while the area was increased for the latter. Area increment could be related to the history of ankle trauma reported by these subjects. In toes up dynamic tests, the latency of the first response (short latency response-myotatic reflex) was shorter in players. Data provided by national charts were used to compare posturography performance and player's skill. The best player who also ranks high in the national chart, has distinctive results in static posturography, with almost no difference when the test is performed with closed eyes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric aspects of basketball.

This article presents a theory of the psychology of basketball from three perspectives: individual psychodynamics, family systems interactions and athlete-community relationships. It focuses on the differences between functional and dysfunctional individual and team performance. Maximal individual performance usually requires relatively high levels of cognitive and physical skills, while team performance depends on having individuals with the interpersonal skills necessary to create the chemistry mandatory for the shared decision making called teamwork.

Basketball↗
PubMed1988

"Flipped" patterns of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in serum of elite college basketball players.

We kinetically measured total lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27), total creatine kinase (CK, EC 2.7.3.2), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1.) in 16 elite college basketball players, before the competition season and not in close temporal relation to near-maximal exercise, and in 17 healthy non-athlete controls. LD isoenzymes were determined by both electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation methods. CK-MB isoenzyme was measured electrophoretically. We found significantly higher mean LD-1 values and LD-1/LD-2 ratios in the players than the controls: 31.6 (SD 3.7)% vs 25.8 (SD 3.2)% (P less than 0.005) and 1.1 (SD 0.13) vs 0.87 (SD 0.16) (P less than 0.001), respectively. A "flipped" LD pattern (LD-1 greater than LD-2) was found in half the players and in six of the eight black athletes, but in only two of the control group and in none of the black controls. Mean CK activity in serum exceeded normal values in the serum of the athletes and was higher in comparison with the control group [274 (SD 156) vs 103 (SD 82) U/L]. Mean CK was significantly higher in the eight athletes with the flipped LD pattern than in those with LD-1 less than LD-2 [322 (SD 163) vs 180 (SD 98) U/L; P = 0.05], and also in comparison with CK in the two controls with flipped LD pattern. We saw no significant difference in mean CK between the nine players with normal immunochemical LD-1/LD ratios and the seven players with above-normal ratios. CK-MB was not detected in either athletes or controls. None of the players had any clinical or electrocardiographic evidence for myocardial ischemia or infarction. Evidently the flipped LD pattern usually found in patients with acute myocardial infarction and reported in some athletes after extreme exercise such as ultra-marathon running may also be found in athletes who are in their "basal fitness shape" but who are not involved in competitive physical activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Traumatic manubriosternal joint subluxations in two basketball players.

Two cases of traumatic manubriosternal joint subluxation without rib fractures in basketball players are illustrated. The incidence of this sport injury is rare. Accidental or intentional violent blows of the elbow to the body of the sternum is the mechanism of this injury. Radiographic analysis of the manubriosternal joint is discussed. Radiographically, the body of the sternum in each case has subluxated posteriorly. The athletes present pain directly at the manubriosternal joint; this may be aggravated by active thoracic hyperflexion or hyperextension. Ordinary or deep breathing does not cause discomfort. Palpation may reveal local tenderness that will be accentuated by ballottement against the manubrium. Conservative treatment consists of manipulative hyperflexion reduction supplemented with antiinflammatory or analgesic cream, cryotherapy, taping or with pad, strapping and rest.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Footwear and ankle stability in the basketball player.

Ankle stability in basketball players is affected by footwear. Athletic shoe manufacturers have introduced specialized lacing systems and high-top performance shoes to improve ankle stability. These performance shoes not only aid in preventing ankle injuries, but also protect injured ankles.

Ankle Injuries↗