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Results for “Adrenocortical Hyperfunction”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

ACTH-secreting carcinoma of the breast.

We report a case of ACTH-secreting carcinoma of the breast. Membrane-bound secretory granules were seen within the cancer cells electron microscopically. Cytoplasmic granules reacting immunochemically to anti-ACTH antisera were seen on light microscopy. Breast cancers have been shown to secrete calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and norepinephrine in addition to ACTH. This suggests either the presence of neuroendocrine cells in the breast as a source of such neoplasms, as in the lung, or genomic derepression during neoplastic transformation.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1981

Ectopic adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) syndrome and small cell carcinoma of the lung-assessment of clinical implications in patients on combination chemotherapy.

Small cell carcinoma of the lung is the tumor most commonly associated with ectopic ACTH production and hypercortisolism. The relationship between this paraneoplastic endocrine syndrome and the clinical course of the tumor is examined in this review of patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome and small cell carcinoma seen at The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center between 1973 and 1979. Five of 157 (3.2%) patients with small cell carcinoma were clinically diagnosed as having the ectopic ACTH syndrome. The onset of this endocrine syndrome appeared to coincide with a more aggressive phase of the course of small cell carcinoma. Further analysis of these cases suggests that the development of the ectopic ACTH syndrome may reflect changes in cell populations within the tumor and/or alterations in tumor behavior with time and perhaps with the effects of drug therapy.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1995

Adrenocortical carcinoma. A clinical study and treatment results of 52 patients.

BACKGROUND: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. This work was aimed at analyzing the clinical outlook and treatment results of 52 patients with this disease. METHODS: This study included patients with adrenocortical carcinoma referred to the Department of Endocrinology at the Center of Postgraduate Medical Education (Warsaw, Poland) during the last 30 years. In 11 patients, the adrenal tumor was found incidentally by ultrasonographic scan. Hormonal examinations made it possible to define the endocrine activity of the tumors, whereas imaging techniques helped to determine their staging. Forty-eight patients underwent surgery, and 36 of them received mitotane. This drug was administered to 26 patients for a range of 10 months to 10 years; 13 patients received mitotane immediately after the operation, and 13 others after a delay. The patients with severe hypercorticism were pretreated before surgery with aminoglutethimide and mitotane. RESULTS: The study comprised 10 men and 42 women; hormonally active tumors were diagnosed in 39 of them. Cushing's syndrome was the most frequent entity. At diagnosis, 17 cases were classified as localized disease, 15 as regional disease, and 20 as distant disease. Pretreatment with the inhibitors of steroidogenesis improved the survival perspectives in the early postoperative period. As of this writing, there were 12 survivors in the group of 26 patients treated by surgery and long term mitotane therapy and only 2 survivors of 7 patients treated with surgery only. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery with immediate adjuvant long term mitotane administration was the most effective form of therapy for patients with adrenocortical carcinoma.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1976

Relationship between the adrenal cortex and thymic involution in "lethargic" mutant mice.

To determine if the adrenal gland plays a role in the thymic involution which occurs spontaneously in "lethargic" mutant mice, three different studies were made. Morphological studies were made first to determine if there was an indication of histological changes in the adrenal glands. Next, serum levels of corticosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. Finally, mice were unilaterally adrenalectomized to see if such treatment would improve various symptoms of "lethargic" mutants. Results of the studies showed that lipid granules in the cortical cells of "lethargic"mutants were greatly reduced in number during the time of spontaneous thymic involution, and the mutant mice had a significantly higher level of serum corticosterone than the normal controls. Mutant mice unilaterally adrenalectomized at 15 days of age showed a marked improvement in their condition and their mortality rate decreased. It is concluded that spontaneous thymic involution of "lethargic" mutants is probably associated with adrenocortical hypersecretion.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed2003

Glucocorticoid therapy in giant cell arteritis: duration and adverse outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the course of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy and associated adverse events in a population-based cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). METHODS: We identified 125 Olmsted County residents with GCA diagnosed between 1950 and 1991 and obtained followup information on the 120 patients who were diagnosed antemortem and agreed to participate in this study. Clinical variables, GC doses, and GC adverse events on each patient were recorded. The relationship between GC therapy and the development of adverse events was studied by the Cox and Anderson-Gill proportional hazards models. RESULTS: All patients were treated with GCs and responded rapidly (median initial dosage 60 mg prednisone/day). The dosage was later reduced according to the treating physicians' judgment. The median duration required to reach 7.5 mg/day was 6.5 months and the median duration required to reach 5 mg/day was 7.5 months. Relapses or recurrences occurred in 57 patients. For the 87 patients followed to discontinuation of GC therapy and permanent remission of GCA (median of 22 months), the total median dose of prednisone was 6.47 gm. Adverse events associated with GCs were recorded in 103 (86%) patients and 2 or more events occurred in 70 patients (58%). Age and higher cumulative dose of GCs were associated with the development of adverse GC side effects. CONCLUSION: GCs are therapeutically effective in GCA and the prednisone dosage was reduced to physiologic levels in three-fourths of the patients within 1 year. However, most patients developed serious adverse side effects related to GCs, indicating that less toxic therapeutic measures are needed.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1977

Hypergonadotrophic male pseudohermaphroditism due to complete 17-alpha-hyroxylase deficiency.

This is a case report of a 43 years old phaenotypic female (karyotype 46 XY) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and male pseudohermaphroditism presenting with severe hypertension and hypokalaemic alkalosis. Evaluation of the steroid biosynthesis of the adrenals as well as of the intraabdominal testes demonstrated a severe degree of 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency in this patient. This defect was associated by a complete lack of deoxycortisol and cortisol as well as of testicular testosterone synthesis, and by an overproduction of DOC and corticosterone. Sruvival of the patient in spite of severe cortisol deficiency was due to the glucocorticoid activity of corticosterone. This compound and DOC account also -- due to their mineralocorticoid properties -- for the hypertensive state of this male pseudohermaphrodite.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1977

Application of glass capillary gas chromatography to the study of urinary steroid excretion in normal children and in patients with various endocrinopathies.

A method of gas chromatography on glass capillary columns (g. c. c. c.) is presented which allows the determination of 26 urinary C19 and C21 steroid metabolites in one procedure. Hundredthirtyseven normal individuals of both sexes from 6 months through 32 years of age were studied regarding their urinary steroid patterns. These were compared to the excretion patterns of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia before and during treatment and of a child with virilizing adrenal carcinoma. From the results it is concluded that g. c. c. c. may be considered a valuable tool in the study of steroid production and metabolism.

Adolescent↗