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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Primary periosteal lymphoma: an unusual presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with radiographic, MR imaging, and pathologic correlation.

This report describes a primary periosteal location of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, without nodal disease, and without adjacent intramedullary disease at presentation. The clinical and imaging appearance of periosteal lymphoma simulates other neoplastic osseous surface tumors more than that of lymphoma in other locations. Consideration of this rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of periosteal bone lesions can be helpful to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: MR imaging and pathologic correlation in 37 patients.

Thirty-seven patients with 48 lesions of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) underwent preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) examination and surgical resection. Sixteen lesions were imaged at 0.5 T with T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences; 32 lesions were imaged at 2 T with T1-and T2-weighted spin-echo and gradient-recalled-echo sequences. Contrast material-enhanced MR imaging was performed in 20 lesions. MR imaging failed to depict six tumors that were less than 3 cm in diameter. Typical appearance was present in 18 of the 42 (43%) lesions seen at MR. Atypical lesion features included no scar (n = 15), hypointense scar on T2-weighted images (n = 7), pseudocapsule (n = 6), strong hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted images (n = 3), diffuse hyperintensity on T1-weighted images (n = 3), and heterogeneous lesion (n = 1). Comparison between findings at MR imaging and at histopathologic examination was performed in 38 lesions: There was good correlation between presence and size of the scar on both examinations. In 13 of 20 (65%) of the hyperintense scars on T2-weighted images, edema was prominent, whereas in five of the seven (71%) hypointense scars on T2-weighted images, edema was absent or low.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Relational database structure to manage high-density tissue microarray data and images for pathology studies focusing on clinical outcome: the prostate specialized program of research excellence model.

With the completion of the Human Genome Project and high-throughput screening methods using cDNA array and tissue microarray (TMA) technology, there is a pressing need to manage the voluminous data sets generated from these types of investigations. Herein is described a database model to handle 1) clinical and pathology data, 2) TMA location information, and 3) web-based histology results. The model is useful for managing clinical, pathology, and molecular data on >1300 prostate cancer patients dating back to 1995 from the University of Michigan Specialized Program of Research Excellence for prostate cancer. The key components in this multidatabase model are 1) the TMA database, 2) the TMA-image database (TMA-I DB), and 3) the prostate pathology and clinical information databases. All databases were created in Microsoft Access (Microsoft, Redmond, WA). Desired patient, tissue, block, diagnosis, array location, and respective clinical and pathology information is obtained by linking the unique identifier fields among database tables. The TMA database is comprised of interrelated data from 336 prostate cancer patients transferred into 19 TMA blocks with 5451 TMA biopsy cores. Tissue samples include 1695 normal prostate, 3171 prostate cancer, 464 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and 121 atrophy. All 19 TMA blocks have been analyzed over the Internet for several immunohistochemical biomarkers including E-cadherin, prostate-specific antigen, p27(Kip1), and Ki-67 labeling index. This system facilitates the statistical analysis of high-density TMA data with clinical and pathology information in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Because the review is performed over the Internet, this system is ideal for collaborative multi-institutional studies.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed1999

Estimation of prostate cancer volume by endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging vs. pathologic volume.

OBJECTIVE: Since tumor volume is recognized as an important predictor of clinical stage and disease outcome of prostate cancer, accurate preoperative estimation of tumor volume can play an important role in planning the appropriate treatment and establishing a patient's prognosis. We performed this study to evaluate the accuracy of the endorectal coil magnetic resonance (MR) technique for reliable prediction of tumor volume in patients with prostatic cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Endorectal coil MR imaging was performed in 57 consecutive men who were suspected to have prostate cancer. Subsequent ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy revealed prostate cancer in 44 cases. The pathological volume of the surgical specimens of 25 selected patients who underwent radical prostatectomy was retrospectively compared to the volume estimated by endorectal coil MR studies, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. RESULTS: In 15 patients the estimated size of the tumor was within 15% of the true tumor volume; in the remaining 10 cases MR imaging tended to underestimate large tumors and overestimate small ones. A significant correlation between the volumes as determined with MR imaging and measurements of surgical specimens was observed (r 0.94; slope 0.82). To our knowledge, this is the best correlation found between pathological volume and tumor volume as evaluated by any other imaging modality. CONCLUSIONS: Endorectal coil MR imaging is a powerful means of evaluating the prostate gland; however, further improvements in imaging and/or volume calculation are required to provide a more accurate preoperative assessment of prostate cancer volume.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Necrotizing encephalitis in a Yorkshire Terrier: clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings.

A 5-year-old, male Yorkshire Terrier had chronic and progressive neurologic signs compatible with lesions in the right brain stem and right forebrain. In magnetic resonance images of the brain there were multifocal lesions at different stages of evolution, consistent with an inflammatory disease. The lesions were located in the white matter of the cerebrum, in the diencephalon and mesencephalon. These lesions were hypointense in T1-weighted images and hyperintense in T2-weighted images with no mass effect and minimal enhancement with gadolinium. Necrotizing encephalitis was confirmed post mortem.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic findings associated with necrotizing encephalitis in two Yorkshire terriers.

Two young adult Yorkshire terriers had neurologic signs consistent with forebrain and brainstem involvement or forebrain involvement alone. On magnetic resonance imaging studies there were asymmetric bilateral lesions mainly in the cerebral cortex, and in the diencephalon. These areas were hyperintense on T2-weighted and FLAIR images, but hypointense or isointense on T1-weighted images. Lesions had a varying degree of contrast enhancement. Areas which were isointense on T1-weighted images had no contrast enhancement or only foci of contrast enhancement. Lesions with hypointensity in T1-weighted images had no enhancement or more frequently ring-like enhancement around the lesion. Necrotizing encephalitis was confirmed pathohistologically in both dogs. The degree of contrast enhancement appeared to be related to the degree of lymphohistiocytic inflammation on histologic examination.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Imaging and pathology of bladder tumors].

Epithelial bladder tumors are very common. Multiple lesions are possible with variable degrees of malignant potential. Benign and mesenchymal tumors are much less frequent. The role of imaging is to first raise the possibility of such a tumor and then to provide pretreatment staging. Cystoscopy with tumoral resection and histological diagnosis remains essential for adequate treatment selection. Ultrafast MR imaging may be very valuable for evaluation of these tumors. Posttreatment follow-up is needed to detect recurrent tumors. Intravenous urography remains valuable for evaluation of the upper tracts.

Aftercare↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR of Toxoplasma encephalitis: signal characteristics on T2-weighted images and pathologic correlation.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to determine if there are any T2-weighted MR signal characteristics of Toxoplasma encephalitis that might be useful in diagnosis and/or in gauging the effectiveness of medical therapy. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed the MR, CT, thallium-201 SPECT brain scans, and medical records of 27 patients with medically proven (26) and biopsy proven (1) Toxoplasma encephalitis, supplemented by autopsy findings in 4 additional patients, 2 of whom had postmortem MR correlation. The neuropathologic literature was also reviewed. RESULTS: Among the 27 patients, we discovered three distinct imaging patterns. Ten (37%) patients had predominantly T2-weighted hyperintense lesions and had been on medical therapy an average of 3 days (excluding one outlier). Ten (37%) patients had T2-weighted isointense lesions and had received medical therapy an average of 61 days. Seven (26%) patients had lesions with mixed signal on T2-weighted images and had been on treatment an average of 6 days. Analysis of autopsy material from the four additional patients revealed the presence of organizing abscesses in three and necrotizing encephalitis in one, while the patient who had a brain biopsy demonstrated both types of pathologic lesions. In both cases having postmortem MRI, organizing abscesses appeared isointense to hypointense on T2-weighted images. CONCLUSION: There is a definite variation in the appearance of lesions of Toxoplasma encephalitis on T2-weighted images that precludes a definitive diagnosis based on signal characteristics alone. Pathologically, our data suggest that T2-weighted hyperintensity correlates with necrotizing encephalitis and T2-weighted isointensity with organizing abscesses. Furthermore, in patients on medical therapy the T2-weighted MR appearance may be a transition from hyperintensity to isointensity as a function of a positive response to antibiotic treatment, indicating that the signal change might be used to gauge the effectiveness of medical therapy.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2006

Imaging vascular pathology.

Examining the mechanisms of renal microvascular alterations in disease and the ramifications they have for overall organ function has remained a challenge due to the complexity of the renal microvascular system and the inability to examine it with sufficient resolution in vivo. However, advances in intravital microscopy have provided opportunities to meet these challenges. In this review we will examine specific areas where intravital imaging has advanced our knowledge of renal disease processes and present areas where these techniques, especially intravital multiphoton microscopy, have even further potential to integrate our knowledge of renal vascular pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Primary skeletal lymphoma imaging and pathologic correlation.

Primary skeletal lymphoma is an uncommon tumor whose appearance on plain-film radiographs has been well described. However, few reports have described the appearance of this neoplasm on magnetic resonance imaging. As in the primary skeletal lymphoma described, magnetic resonance imaging can be used to define the extent of the tumor and the degree of soft tissue and bone marrow involvement. It can also help to determine the biopsy site and to monitor the tumor's response to radiation therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Uterine leiomyoma: correlation between signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic characteristics.

To correlate the signal intensity of uterine leiomyoma with its pathologic characteristics, with particular emphasis on the fibrous component, 33 magnetic resonance (MR) examinations that revealed 93 leiomyomas were prospectively studied. All patients were imaged in axial and sagittal planes with different spin-echo pulse sequences to obtain T1-, T2-weighted, and proton density images. Nondegenerative leiomyomas (n = 62) showing a homogeneous signal of low intensity, and degenerative leiomyomas (n = 31) with a heterogeneous signal of variable intensity on T2-weighted images could be correlated. Histopathological assessment of fiber constitution and degeneration, and MR intensity were interpreted by independent observers. There was excellent accord between the averages for MR intensity, T2 relaxation time and fiber content, although the intensity values in each fiber grade showed a wide range. The greater the fiber content the lower the MR intensity on T2-weighted images, and the shorter the T2 relaxation time (p < 0.0001). In addition, the manner in which fiber distribution affected MR appearance was also elucidated. These data contribute guidelines for precise tissue differentiation of myogenic tumors on MR images, and for MR imaging tissue diagnosis of any lesion with a considerable fibrous element.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

CT and MRI in haemolytic uraemic syndrome with central nervous system involvement: distribution of lesions and prognostic value of imaging findings.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a common complication in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Various imaging findings have been described, mostly as case reports. Although there are a few retrospective studies on larger patient groups there is no report that focuses on MRI. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the CT and MRI studies of patients with neurological complications of HUS, to describe the typical imaging findings, and to evaluate their predictive character with regard to follow-up examinations and clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 57 patients with clinically proven HUS who were referred to our hospital between 1995 and 2003, 17 had signs of serious CNS involvement and 10 underwent neuroimaging. Nine MRI and seven CT studies were performed in the acute phase and five MRI and two CT studies were done for follow-up. RESULTS: In six patients, pathological imaging findings were seen on CT or MRI performed in the acute phase of the disease whereas CT and MRI scans were completely normal in four patients. All patients with positive imaging findings had pathological changes within the basal ganglia. Additional findings were seen in the thalami (n=2), cerebellum (n=2) and brain stem (n=1). On follow-up imaging performed in five cases, the pathological imaging findings had resolved completely in two and partially in three patients. All patients had a good neurological outcome. Comparing the various MRI findings, a haemorrhagic component within an acute lesion was the most reliable parameter predicting residual pathologic findings on follow-up imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Basal ganglia involvement is a typical finding in patients with neurological complications of HUS. Even in patients with severe CNS involvement on acute imaging studies, prognosis was favourable for clinical outcome and resolution of pathological imaging findings.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Juvenile laryngeal carcinoma: correlation of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with pathology.

The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx are reported in a 16-year-old girl. In particular, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are correlated with histopathological findings. It was found that the combined use of CT and MRI enabled an accurate identification of laryngeal tissue components and a precise delineation of extent of cancer spread. This diagnostic approach is emphasized as well as the need to suspect carcinoma of the larynx in any child unrelenting or recurring hoarseness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Manganese neurotoxicity: a review of clinical features, imaging and pathology.

Manganese intoxication can result in a syndrome of parkinsonism and dystonia. If these extrapyramidal findings are present, they are likely to be irreversible and even progress after termination of the exposure to manganese. Clinical features are usually sufficient to distinguish these patients from those with Parkinson's disease. The neurological syndrome does not respond to levodopa. Imaging of the brain may reveal MRI signal changes in the globus pallidus, striatum, and midbrain. Positron emission tomography reveals normal presynaptic and postsynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic function. The primary site of neurological damage has been shown by pathological studies to be the globus pallidus. The mechanism of toxicity is not clear.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Metastatic prostate carcinoma to the foot with magnetic resonance imaging and pathologic correlation.

Metastases to the bones of the foot from prostate carcinomas are rare and usually are associated with diffuse metastatic disease. The authors encountered a patient who presented with prostate carcinoma metastases limited to the right foot. Magnetic resonance imaging correlation in this case demonstrated normal marrow signal in the surrounding bones of the foot and increased vascularity of the foot.

Aged↗