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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The diagnostic usefulness of a DNA probe for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (Gen-Probe) in Bactec cultures versus other diagnostic methods.

The combination of the radiometric Bactec system and the Gen-Probe for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) in detection and identification of mycobacteria was evaluated. Löwenstein-Jensen and Coletsos media for isolation, and Bactec-NAP test and cellular morphology and grouping for identification of MTB and mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) were also evaluated. The study included all specimens submitted to our laboratory for mycobacteria detection over a 6-month-period. The mean recovery times of MTB were 13.7, 23.3, and 21.2 days for Bactec, Löwenstein-Jensen and Coletsos, respectively. Bactec system recovered 87.8% of MTB strains and 98% of MOTT, and the conventional media 82.9% of MTB and 19.2% of MOTT. Ziehl-Neelsen smears and Bactec-NAP were effective in differentiating MTB and MOTT strains (3.3% and 9.6% respectively of the cultures were uninterpretable). Gen-Probe (cutoff point for MTB = 5% of hybridisation) was applied to 100 positive vials of Bactec. All cultures of MTB with a growth index (GI) > 400 displayed hybridisation > 9% (average 28.9%) but for a GI < 400, 17% of cultures showed < 5% of hybridisation (average 18.6%). All cultures for MOTT had < 5% hybridisation. With the combination Bactec/Gen-Probe the average time of the final report could be reduced to 15.5 days.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed1988

Multiple sclerosis: diagnostic value of computerized tomography with delayed scanning after a double-dose of contrast medium in comparison with other diagnostic tests.

In 63 cases of clinical definite or suspected MS we compared the results of CSF analysis, VEP, BAEP, CT scanning without and after double dose contrast, in 17 cases also those of MRT. We found that CSF analysis had the highest rate of abnormal findings, followed by MRT. VEP and CT with double dose contrast showed similar sensitivity, while BAEP and CT without contrast had disappointing results. We think that CT with delayed scanning after double dose contrast can be a very useful investigation in early and doubtful cases of MS, until MRT will become a more widespread and less expensive investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Diagnostic score in appendicitis. Validation of a diagnostic score (Eskelinen score) in patients in whom acute appendicitis is suspected.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: At times, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis may be difficult. However, for minimum morbidity to be obtained, early and accurate diagnosis is essential. This study aimed to validate a scoring system proposed by Eskelinen et al. as an aid in making the diagnosis of appendicitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The prospectively documented data of a consecutive series of 2,359 patients admitted for suspicion of appendicitis were used for validation. Accuracy and positive predictive value were defined as the main overall performance parameters, as was the rate of unnecessary operations to assess changes of patient management. Overall performance was assessed by receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: Of 2,359 patients, 662 were proven to have acute appendicitis (prevalence of 28%). The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of the score were 0.79, 0.85, 0.68, 0.91 and 0.835 at a cut-off value of 55. Calibration of the score's cut-off value to 57 yielded more favourable results (0.72, 0.91, 0.76, 0.9 and 0.86), and the rate of unnecessary operations declined from 26.6% to 15.4% ( P<0.05, chi2). ROC analysis revealed an area index of 0.91. CONCLUSION: The Eskelinen score delivered acceptable clinical results only after calibration to a cut-off value of 57. The data from this study suggest the investigation of whether a calibrated score might be particularly instrumental in the pre-admission evaluation of the patient in whom appendicitis is suspected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2007

Effect of language and task demands on the diagnostic effectiveness of the autism diagnostic observation schedule: the impact of module choice.

The ADOS characterizes socio-communicative deficits in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this study the effect of module choice on ADOS classification was examined. For 74 participants (52 autism, 22 PDD-NOS), Module 1 and Module 2 were administered in a single session. Fifty-one participants maintained ADOS classification, with 17 more impaired on M2 and 6 more impaired on M1. For 64 participants (25 autism, 39 PDD-NOS), Module 2 and Module 3 were administered. Thirty-nine participants maintained classification, with 24 more impaired on M3 and 1 more impaired on M2. As expected, more impairment was indicated when a module with more language and task demands was administered. Clinical judgment of the most appropriate module for administration was found to be important.

Autistic Disorder↗