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PubMed1992

Disruption of a Magnaporthe grisea cutinase gene.

Using a one-step strategy to disrupt CUT1, a gene for cutinase, cut1- mutants were generated in two strains of Magnaporthe grisea. One strain, pathogenic on weeping lovegrass and barley and containing the arg3-12 mutation, was transformed with a disruption vector in which the Aspergillus nidulans ArgB+ gene was inserted into CUT1. Prototrophic transformants were screened by Southern hybridization, and 3 of 53 tested contained a disrupted CUT1 gene (cut1::ArgB+). A second strain, pathogenic on rice, was transformed with a disruption vector in which a gene for hyg B resistance was inserted into CUT1. Two of the 57 transformants screened by Southern hybridization contained a disrupted CUT1 gene (cut1::Hyg). CUT1 mRNA was not detectable in transformants that contained a disrupted gene. Transformants with a disrupted CUT1 gene failed to produce a cutin-inducible esterase that is normally detected by activity staining on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels. Enzyme activity, measured either with tritiated cutin or with p-nitrophenyl butyrate as a substrate, was reduced but not eliminated in strains with a disrupted CUT1 gene. The infection efficiency of the cut1- disruption transformants was equal to that of the parent strains on all three host plants. Lesions produced by these mutants had an appearance and a sporulation rate similar to those produced by the parent strains. We conclude that the M. grisea CUT1 gene is not required for pathogenicity.

Ascomycota↗

PubMed2004

[The return of the prodigal child or allergy to ficus].

Ficus benjamina (FB), the weeping fig, belonging to the Moracea family, is now widely used as an indoor ornamental plant in houses and offices. Its latex can be responsible of IgE allergies : rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, angiooedema, pruritus, anaphylactic shock. In some occupations such as gardeners, caretakers of plants, it can induce a contact urticaria. Most of these patients are atopics. We describe a case of non-occupational, indoor related rhinoconjunctivitis in a non-atopic patient. Prick-test and RAST to FB latex were positive and removal of the ficus plant resolved their symptoms confirming the etiologic role of the plant. The patient did not demonstrate sensitization to other common allergens (except weeds) involved in respiratory (latex of Hevea brasiliensis, mites...) and food allergies (negativity of the prick-tests for fig, avocado, banana, kiwi). Now, FB is a new hidden allergen in the house. Questionning for its presence and testing it should be considered; as it should be introduced in the standard prick-test panel.

Conjunctivitis, Allergic↗

PubMed2004

Graviregulation mechanism of woody stem growth on earth.

We have been studied the weeping habit of Japanese flowering cherry tree in the field of Tama Forest Science Garden, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute at the foot of Mt. Takao. Since cherry trees at various age were the materials for our plant physiology experiments, our studies were conducted in the fields where we experienced certain difficulties. Even under such difficult environment that was rather unexpected and uncontrollable, we could obtain fruitful results on the growth of cherry tree, and found them scientifically significant, especially in terms of biological effects of gravity on earth. Moreover an interesting interaction of cherry tree with various kinds of birds was also observed.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of the Schwartz-Jampel syndrome on masticatory and facial musculatures--an electromyographic analysis.

This study had the goal to perform an electromyography evaluation of the orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, masseter, and temporal muscles of two siblings with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS), in different clinical activities, comparing them to healthy controls (C). The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome is a rare genetic disorder (71 cases reported in worldwide literature), in which myotonia may be observed in the facial muscles, determining a standard facie that shows an appearance of someone who is sad and weeping For the electromyography (EMG), a Myotronics--K61 electromyographer, was used, with superficial and disposable silver chloride electrodes. By means of the analysis of the obtained results, we observed significant statistical differences for the masseter muscle and for orbicularis oculi muscles (p < 0.01) among the studied groups, in which the individuals with SJS presented greater muscular activity than the normal ones, used as healthy controls. The statistical difference between the two groups was not significant for the temporal muscle, as well as for the orbicularis oris muscle, although the EMG averages were much greater in patients who were bringers of the syndrome. This high muscular activity may be related to the facial osseous alterations, evidenced in both patients with SJS, such as the mandibular migrognathia, with an atrophy of the mandibular cortex and a consequent approximation between the inferior dental root apices and the mandible base, as well as the presence of hypoplastic condyles in terms of size and height.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of two procedures to determine acid and neutral detergent fibers in ruminant feeds of the temperate region of Argentina.

The objective of this work was to compare the traditional Van Soest's procedure to analyze neutral detergent fibers (NDF) and acid detergent fibers (ADF) using filtering crucibles (VS) with a semiautomatic method which uses filter bags in an ANKOM Technology Corp. instrument (ANK). Nine ruminant feeds widely used in the temperate region of Argentina were analyzed: soybean meal expeller, alfalfa, pasture silage, ryegrass, corn silage, weeping lovegrass, tall wheatgrass, guinea grass, and barley grass. Four runs were done for each technique and feed. The comparison of ADF and NDF means by the means test for paired samples showed no significant differences between techniques (alpha = 0.01). The variability among runs was greater with the VS method than the ANK, both for NDF, standard deviation (SD) = 0.71 vs 0.39, and for ADF, SD = 0.83 vs 0.56, but the differences were not significant. The linear regressions were VS = 1.43 + 0.95 ANK; R2 = 0.99, and VS = 0.53 + 0.98 ANK; R2 = 0.99 for NDF and ADF, respectively, which indicated a strong linear relationship among the results of both procedures. It was concluded that the ANK procedure gave results comparable to those of the VS method when ruminant feeds from the temperate region of Argentina were analyzed.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2005

An interesting question of Pompe disease. A case report.

Glycogenosis type II or Pompe disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder known in 3 different clinical forms (infantile, juvenile and adult). We report on a case diagnosed as a classic infantile form with the worst outcome of all 3 described, if we had followed and executed a correct and complete diagnostic pathway. A 7 months old female child was admitted for fever and dyspnoea. At chest auscultation weepings and weezings were found; on the cardiac apex a murmur due to mitralic failure was retrieved. The thorax X-ray showed a greatly increased heart shadow with a cardiothoracic index of 0.75. ECG showed high voltages and signs of bilateral ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a big heart with an enormous swollen left ventricle and a severe mitralic failure. The clinical diagnosis of infantile Pompe disease was confirmed by the almost total absence of cellular acid a-glucosidase activity but we couldn't perform the assay because of the rapid exitus of our patient, which occurred before glycogen storage disease II was suspected. So, we tried to compare our case with others reported in the literature in order to ratify our diagnostic hypothesis. The contribution of genetic counseling practiced on all the couples at risk remains useful every time that a certain diagnosis is made.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors prevents emotional lability in healthy subjects.

BACKGROUND: Many subjects with depression and with brain lesions can poorly control their emotions with fits of weeping and tearfulness; neurological patients present outbursts of laughter as well. This condition is called Emotional Lability (EL). The antidepressant drugs of the family of selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) improve EL within a few days in both depressive and neurological disorders. EL can be present in healthy subjects as well, in whom it is considered as normal, although often embarrassing. METHODS: Two healthy subjects with EL, were treated with 20 mgs of Paroxetine or placebo for cycles of 5 days. Moreover the effect was observed of either Paroxetine or Fluoxetine on the emotion control of three patients with mood disorders both when they were depressed and after recovering from the depression. RESULTS: In all subjects, after few days of treatment, EL disappeared, and their emotion control and behaviour were both modified. CONCLUSIONS: (1) In healthy subjects EL is often embarrassing; the possibility is interesting of preventing it on selected occasions with a brief treatment with no side effects and a cheap cost. (2) SSRI are among the most used drugs in the word and every day they are assumed by millions of people including politicians, business man, soldiers, army commanders, policemen and criminals. The idea is very stimulating and highly worrying that the control of the emotions and behaviour of these million of people can be quickly modified by the assumption of one pill of SSRI for a few days or by its discontinuation.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

A non-healing ulcerated fingertip following injury.

A man went to his primary care physician 3 months after slamming his right thumb in a car door. The nail had turned black and sloughed off several weeks later, leaving a red, draining wound on the tip of his thumb. The wound drained continuously for the next 2 months and showed little progress in healing. His physician started him on antibiotics, but the wound still showed no progress in healing over the next 6 weeks. Cultures were obtained that grew out Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Another course of antibiotics was given, but the patient's condition failed to improve. At this point the patient was referred to a surgeon. He missed several appointments before finally presenting to the surgery clinic nearly 6 months after his original office visit. He was diagnosed clinically as having a giant pyogenic granuloma and was given antibiotics as well as silver nitrate sticks to cauterize the wound daily. After missing several more follow-up appointments, the patient returned with a spongy, weeping soft-tissue wound over the dorsum of his right thumb [that] doubled in size over the past 3 months. Radiographs obtained at that time were normal, but a bone scan revealed late uptake, cause for concern that this was osteomyelitis. What is the differential diagnosis, and what tests are necessary?

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Nasal cavity angiosarcoma: a case report and literature review].

Sarcomas constitute 5% of all of head and neck neoplasms. Angiosarcomas comprise 2% of all soft tissue tumors, 60% appear in skin and soft tissue, 50% in the head and neck and only 4% are present in the upper aerodigestive tract. We report a case of a 52 year old healthy woman with headache, weeping, foreign body sensation in the left nostril and epixtasis. The TAC identified a tumor in the left nostril that invaded the osseous lamina of the skull. The histopathologic diagnosis was angiosarcoma. We carried out a literature review and analysis from 1976 to 2004. Agiosarcomas of the upper aerodigestive tract have a better prognosis and long term survival free of disease than their soft tissue and skin counterparts. Recurrence is strongly correlated with positive resection margins. Complete surgery and radiotherapy are considered the optimal treatment schemes.

Female↗

PubMed2006

[Occupational allergy caused by ornamental plants].

The problem of allergy to decorative plants is still poorly known. Reports on occupational allergy to flowers are scarce and usually concern gardeners, greenhouse workers and florists. The handling, smelling and caring of flowers may cause rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria and also contact dermatitis. Plants of the Compositae family that includes many different species have been frequently described. Chrysanthemum flowers, the strongest sensitizer among ornamental Compositae plants, especially contribute to the development of contact dermatitis. Allergy to Liliaceae, mostly to tulips, hyacinths, lilies and crocuses has quite often been reported as well as sensitization to rose pollen in rose planters. Occupational sensitization to flowers of other families, among which spathe flowers, primulas, weeping fig or Stephanotis floribunda should be mentioned, is less frequent. Exposure to ornamental flowers is common in the general population. Persons occupationally involved in cultivation of flowers and who demonstrate allergic symptoms are often forced to change their jobs. Candidates to these occupations with diagnosed atopy should be informed about the risk of developing allergy to flowers, which could make them unable to perform the job.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of sevoflurane during cardiosurgical and endovascular operations in children].

The good tolerability of sevoflurane, the mild and prompt onset of a hypnotic state, the absence of airway irritation, and the safe use of the agent make the anesthetic of choice for introductory anesthesia in pediatric cardiosurgery. The purpose of the study was to develop and assess the procedure of sevoflurane anesthesia during cardiosurgical and endovascular operations in children with congenital heart diseases. Twenty-five children aged 2-9 years (of them 15 children with congenital heart disease) operated on under extracorporeal circulation (EC) were examined. Ten children underwent X-ray surgical endovascular interventions: closure of the patent arterial duct with an "Amplatzer ductus occluder" system. The duration of operations under EC was 116 to 289 min; that of EC was 60-20 (49 +/- 8) min. Endovascular operations lasted 60-80 min. Premedication was made with ketamine, midazolam, and methacin during cardiosurgical operations. The children were referred without premedication, escorted by their parents for endovascular surgical interventions where in the parents' presence the children were given inhalational sevoflurane at a concentration of 5-6% through the mask of an anesthetic apparatus until they fell asleep. This made it possible to avoid the child's weeping and resistance and to puncture the peripheral vein without pain. Steady-state hemodynamics and metabolism suggest that combined anesthesia using sevoflurane at a concentration of 1.3-22% of the minimal alveolar one is adequate in correcting congenital heart disease in children. The application of this anesthetic procedure permitted extubation of 73% of children within 1-2 hours when their condition met the criteria for early activation and extubation.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMed1991

The dying child and overt parental behavior.

In order to study the immediate grief reaction in parents of children dying in the hospital each parental reaction was scored on a 'grief reaction and intervention' (GRI) scale (minimum 0; maximum 4). The death events of 73 children comprised the study. The GRI score was 0 in 10 (13.7%), 1 in 19 (26.1%), 2 in 21 (28.7%), 3 in 15 (20.5%) and 4 in 8 (11%) cases; the mean (+/- SD) score was 1.89 (+/- 1.20). Crying, weeping spells, hostility, restlessness, denial of death, mutism, impulsivity and destructive behavior were observed. A significantly higher grief reaction was observed among parents of grown up children and those from an urban background. An intense reaction was also seen in cases when the course of illness was acute and death was not anticipated. Parents of male children of the first and second birth order also had higher GRI scores. Our findings suggest that socio-cultural factors may influence the intensity of the parental grief reaction.

Attitude to Death↗

PubMed1991

A community study of delay in presenting with signs of melanoma to medical practitioners.

In the absence of more effective treatment for advanced tumors, early diagnosis and treatment of localized tumors is the most effective way of reducing the burden of illness associated with melanoma. This study examined the following factors: prevalence of signs of melanoma (a mole changing in size, shape, appearance, or color, itching or tingling, bleeding or weeping, becoming raised) in 1344 individuals in a randomly selected sample of 1075 households; the length of delay in seeking medical advice; the factors associated with either going to a medical practitioner or not going/delaying; and the actions of the medical practitioners when first presented with these signs. The results indicate that a large proportion of the sample (11.9%, n = 156) had observed signs of melanoma in the previous 12 months. Of the sample reporting signs that had first appeared in the previous 5 years, only 32% sought medical advice about the signs within the recommended period. Of the sample either not seeking advice at all or delaying, 49% reported that they thought the sign "wasn't serious/would clear up." Furthermore, 30% of the sample either did not known or underrated the importance of early detection and treatment of lesions. These results indicate that there is a deficit in the knowledge of the general public about the signs of melanoma, the severity of the disease, and the possible risks associated with delay.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Laughter and smiling. The gesture between social philosophy and psychobiology].

The human individual experiences his gestuality unaware, making it even more revelatory of his current state of mind. Certain actions represent innate behaviour, while others are discovered or assimilated during learning. The actions that signify the sending of any kind of message to another person, become "gestures". Laughter is an example of expressive behaviour and, as such, plays an important part in social interaction, insofar as it supplies signals that influence the response of other individuals. After a review of the philosophical and sociological interpretations inherent in laughing and smiling, the correlations between weeping, smiling and laughing are examined specifically from as ethological standpoint. The neurophysiological aspects whereby the crying, smiling and laughing mechanisms depend on a multifactorial control system, that implies the activation of limbic and frontal circuits, a motor cortex response and an activation of the autonomic response of the vegetative nervous system, correlated to the cortico-hypothalamic ways, are then examined. The pathological observations carried out in Man are identified with the study of psychomotor epilepsy in the context of "gelastic crises", cataleptic-gelolegic crises "and the pseudo-bulbar syndrome" with crying and spastic laughing. Finally, the possible therapeutic implications correlated with the laughing mechanism are discussed. In fact, the facial contractions, associated with the emotional experience connected with them, would appear to function as a standard brain signal. Interesting are the findings of changes in neuromediator and endorphin modifications implied in the neurophysiological smiling and laughing mechanism. A further basic element is the involvement of the autonomous system which can be correlated with the concept of the trophotropic response according to Hesse, with an increase in parasympathetic tone and reduction in sympathetic tone.

Crying↗

PubMed1990

[A case of renal hemangiopericytoma].

The patient is a 33-year-old female. On precontrast CT, the tumor shows a high density area with a low density area. On postcontrast CT, the tumor demonstrates a well-marginated low density area. Angiographically, the tumor shows a hypervascular mass with tumor vessels like a weeping willow and unhomogeneous stain. This is only the fourth such case ever reported before in Japan.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intracavitary injection of OK-432 for malignant pericardial effusion, a case report.

The clinical efficacy of OK-432 has been evaluated favorably when administered for malignant effusion in pleural and peritoneal cavities. It may be effective also in pericardial space in response to inflammation or tumor, i.e., in weep fluid, but there are few reports of the clinical efficacy of a single administration of this agent in this space. We present here a case of spontaneous remission of malignant pericardial effusion after a single injection of OK-432 into the pericardial space.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Parasomnia associated with abnormal REM sleep in the aged].

Three aged patients (age 63-78 years) had 3-15-year histories of abnormal behaviors during nocturnal sleep. These three patients presented no other psychiatric problems. Polysomnographic recordings were carried out from 1-3 nights after adaptation. The patients were simultaneously monitored via a video system during the recording period. Various nocturnal behaviors, including laughing, weeping, the shaking of arms and getting up were detected during these recordings. These behaviors appeared exclusively during REM periods which were associated with a large amount of abnormal REM sleep lacking muscle atonia (d-STREM with EMG). NREM sleep architecture was intact and %SWS was within the normal limits per age for all the patients. The patients, manifesting such abnormal behaviors during sleep, could be aroused completely with awakening stimuli, and could recall in detail their unpleasant dreams. Two of the three were treated with clonazepam (0.5-1 mg/day) which immediately decreased the abnormal behaviors during sleep. Polysomnographic studies after the treatment showed a marked decrease in the d-STREM with EMG. The above results indicate that these abnormal behavior during nocturnal sleep were closely linked to d-STREM with EMG. And the administration of clonazepam not only led to an amelioration in the abnormal behaviors but also in the polysomnographic pathology. It is concluded that parasomnia in the aged is characterized by behavioral manifestations of the dreaming due to dysfunctions of the muscle atonia system.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Experience in using a tomicide paste in the combined treatment of patients with pyoderma].

Tomicide paste is a highly effective agent in combined therapy of patients with primary and secondary pyoderma. Tomicide is recommended for practical dermatology in the liquid form for sanitization++ of infection foci in nasopharyngeal organs and in paste with a 10% concentration of the agent. This paste is also advised for cases with secondary pyoderma complicating the course of neurodermatitis and chronic eczema not liable to weeping.

Animals↗