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PubMed1997

[Tooth wear. Classification and terminology].

Tooth wear rarely occurs as a result of one factor alone. Non-carious loss of tooth tissue can be subdivided into attrition, demastication, abrasion, fractionation, and erosion. Clinically, the tooth tissue loss may result from any combination of these types of wear. The first essential principle in the management of tooth wear is, as far as possible, to remove the cause. Secondly, restoration may be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of oral problems in an osteogenesis imperfecta population.

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of craniofacial and dental anomalies in children with the more severe nonlethal forms of osteogenesis imperfecta was evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: The study evaluated 40 children (age range, 1-17.5 years) with types III and IV osteogenesis imperfecta. In each case, the dentition was evaluated for the presence of dentinogenesis imperfecta, attrition, and caries, as well as for radiographic appearance, dental development, and malocclusion. RESULTS: The incidence of dentinogenesis imperfecta was greater than 80% in the primary dentition. Clinically, the color of the dentition was of predictive value in appropriate management of the primary dentition. Tooth discoloration and attrition did not occur to the same extent in the permanent dentition as in the primary dentition in either group. Class III dental malocclusion occurred in 70% to 80% of this osteogenesis imperfecta population, with a high incidence of anterior and posterior cross bites and open bites. A delay in dental development was observed in 21% of patients type III osteogenesis imperfecta, whereas accelerated development was noted in 23% of the patients with type IV. In addition, ectopic eruption occurred in 13 patients. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to dentinogenesis imperfecta, significant oral problems occur in types III and IV osteogenesis imperfecta. Other features that impact the dental management of this population are highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between dental severe attrition and the temporomandibular glenoid morphology].

This study used the indices of the temporomandibular glenoid and posterior slope of the eminence by tomography to determine the effect of severe dental attrition on temporomandibular glenoid morphology. The results showed: the temporomandibular glenoid indexes in the group with dental severe attrition and in the control group were respectively 91.49 +/- 8.20 and 92.54 +/- 8.38 (P > 0.05), and the indices of posterior slope of the eminence were 49.79 +/- 5.84 and 50.38 +/- 4.58 (P > 0.05), the difference was not statistical. It was concluded that severe dental attrition would not certainly cause abnormal temporomandibular glenoid.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1990

Occlusal variation in Australian aboriginals.

Variation of dental occlusion around established norms has frequently been related to industrialized or modernized life habits. This tendency has been tested among samples (n = 48) of older (originally nomadic) and younger (settled and rationed) Australian Aboriginals. Although significant differences are found in incisor relation traits, tooth malalignment, and relative arch breadth, these are slight compared to some other studies of peoples undergoing one-generation dietary westernization. Reasons for this might relate to concomitantly subtle differences in diet or masticatory habits, genetic buffering, attrition gradient, tooth size, biased sampling according to tooth retention, or fluoride in water supplies.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Case of occlusal reconstruction for severe attrition].

PATIENT: A 57-year-old female complained of aesthetic disturbance, dysmasesis and phonation disorder by attrition. She had severe attrition of almost teeth. To avoid metal color exposure and attrition of opposing teeth, hybrid ceramics were used for veneered crowns and fixed partial denture. Since the prosthetic treatment, the patient wears a night guard to prevent attrition of her teeth and prosthesis. DISCUSSION: There has been no specific trouble during the 4-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: It is considered that using hybrid ceramics for veneering crowns and fixed partial denture and night guard help to prevent the attrition of opposing teeth and abrasion of prosthesis.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2005

Tooth wear in the elderly population in South East Local Government area in Ibadan, Nigeria.

It is the aim of this study to determine the pattern and degree of tooth wear in the elderly population in the South East Local Government Area in Ibadan. The study was carried out on 690 elderly individuals who were 65 years old and above, living in various wards in South East Local Government Area, in Ibadan. A multistage sampling technique was used to select elderly individuals for the study. Two interviewers, 2-record clerks and 2 examiners were trained for the study and the examiners were calibrated. The index of Eccles J.D was used to determine the severity of tooth wear. The results highlight the high prevalence of tooth wear, mainly attrition in the elderly in this local government area. Six hundred and forty (92.8%) of the elderly had tooth wear. Of these 58.59% were males and 41.41% females. Attrition was observed in 618 (89.6%) elderly individuals. The mandible exhibited a higher prevalence of tooth wear than the maxilla and was statistically significant. Severe tooth wear was observed in only 5.74% of the teeth whilst moderate and mild tooth wear were observed in 26.91% and 30.88% respectively. Unlike the Western European countries, attrition being the most common type of tooth wear in these elderly individuals suggests that the aetiological factors responsible for tooth wear are different. Common habits such as crushing of bones and chewing of sticks for routine oral hygiene care could be contributing factors to tooth wear in this environment.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Macroscopic osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint related to dental attrition in Japanese macaque skull.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and dental attrition in the Japanese macaque. One hundred and thirty Japanese macaque skulls (54 male and 76 female) from animals which had been bred in the same environment, were randomly sampled from a collection at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University. The age at death had been recorded in all cases. TMJ osseous changes were independently evaluated by three examiners, and were defined as an irregular surface or a perforated compact bone layer with a markedly irregular surface on either the temporal or condylar components. Age was a significant factor in predicting TMJ osseous changes (P < 0.001). A strong relation was observed between age and dental attrition (P < 0.001), while dental attrition was not a significant factor in predicting TMJ osseous changes (P = 0.334). The prevalence TMJ osseous changes in male animals was slightly higher than in females (P = 0.057). The results of this study suggest that osseous changes in the macaque TMJ are mainly related to age, not to dental attrition.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Analysis of occlusal variables, dental attrition, and age for distinguishing healthy controls from female patients with intracapsular temporomandibular disorders.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Confusion about the relationship of occlusion to temporomandibular disorders (TMD) persists. PURPOSE: This study attempted to identify occlusal and attrition factors plus age that would characterize asymptomatic normal female subjects. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A total of 124 female patients with intracapsular TMD were compared with 47 asymptomatic female controls for associations to 9 occlusal factors, 3 attrition severity measures, and age using classification tree, multiple stepwise logistic regression, and univariate analyses. Models were tested for accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) and total contribution to the variance. RESULTS: The classification tree model had 4 terminal nodes that used only anterior attrition and age. "Normals" were mainly characterized by low attrition levels, whereas patients had higher attrition and tended to be younger. The tree model was only moderately useful (sensitivity 63%, specificity 94%) in predicting normals. The logistic regression model incorporated unilateral posterior crossbite and mediotrusive attrition severity in addition to the 2 factors in the tree, but was slightly less accurate than the tree (sensitivity 51%, specificity 90%). When only occlusal factors were considered in the analysis, normals were additionally characterized by a lack of anterior open bite, smaller overjet, and smaller RCP-ICP slides. The log likelihood accounted for was similar for both the tree (pseudo R(2) = 29.38%; mean deviance = 0.95) and the multiple logistic regression (Cox Snell R(2) = 30.3%, mean deviance = 0.84) models. CONCLUSION: The occlusal and attrition factors studied were only moderately useful in differentiating normals from TMD patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Syndromes with salivary dysfunction predispose to tooth wear: Case reports of congenital dysfunction of major salivary glands, Prader-Willi, congenital rubella, and Sjögren's syndromes.

Four cases-of congenital dysfunction of the major salivary glands as well as of Prader-Willi, congenital rubella, and Sjögren's syndromes-were identified in a series of 500 patients referred for excessive tooth wear. Although there was evidence of consumption of highly acidic drinks, some occlusal parafunction, and unacceptable toothbrushing habits, salivary dysfunction was the salient factor predisposing a patient to tooth wear in these syndromal cases. The 500 subjects have been characterized either as having medical conditions and medications that predispose them to xerostomia or lifestyles in which workplace- and sports-related dehydration lead to reduced salivary flow. Normal salivation, by buffering capacity, clearance by swallowing, pellicle formation, and capacity for remineralization of demineralized enamel, protects the teeth from extrinsic and intrinsic acids that initiate dental erosion. Thus, the syndromes, unrelated in many respects, underline the importance of normal salivation in the protection of teeth against tooth wear by erosion, attrition, and abrasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The degree to which dental attrition in modern society is a function of age and of canine contact.

Dental attrition ranked according to a validated severity scale correlated with age as a proxy for functional wear in 148 asymptomatic subjects. Anterior, posterior, mediotrusive, laterotrusive, and total attrition severity was analyzed. The geometric contribution of canine attrition to the variance of posterior attrition was also tested through correlations, and the time span required to record a statistically significant difference in attrition using the scale was determined. Age explained 12.6% of the differences the total attrition scores (P < .001, Spearman's rho), 6.4% of the anterior scores (P < .01), and 20.9% of the laterotrusive scores (P < .0001). Canine wear in subjects aged 20 to 49 years explained between 20% to 34% of the posterior attrition (P < .05 to P < .001), 6% to 36% of the mediotrusive attrition (P < .05 to P < .01), and 20% to 29% of the laterotrusive attrition (P < .05 to P < .001). At least 20 to 30 years was necessary to show significant clinical differences, except that laterotrusive attrition changes could be discriminated in only 10 years for the 20- to 29-year-old group. Notable attrition was already evident in the 20- to 29-year-olds, and accelerated wear rates prior to age 20 years were not maintained in most areas of the dentition. A nonlinear progression with age was observed, thereby inhibiting prediction of subsequent attrition from prior levels. Attrition was concluded to have multifactorial etiology, with age and the geometry of canine guidance having a significant influence, in addition to commonly accepted parafunction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attritional wear and abrasive surface alterations of composite resin materials in vitro.

OBJECTIVES: A laboratory study was performed with 232 specimens and 72 human enamel, 24 gold, 24 ceramic and 12 composite antagonists in 22 groups to test attritional and abrasive wear behavior of composite materials compared to wear behavior of human enamel. METHODS: Belleglass HP, Concept Inlay/Onlay, Targis and Targis Upgrade 99 composite resin for lab-made restorations was tested as well as Tetric Ceram and FHC Merz light as resins for direct restorations. Natural human enamel specimens served as control. All specimens were subjected to long-term thermo-mechanical loading in a computer-controlled masticator, chemical degradation and toothbrush/toothpaste abrasion. Wear of specimen in occlusal contact area (OCA), contact-free occlusal area and wear of natural enamel cusps as well as antagonists made of gold, ceramic and composite in identical form was measured after 120,000, 240,000, 640,000 and 1200,000 load cycles. A qualitative SEM analysis was performed to support quantitative data. RESULTS: Belleglass HP and Targis Upgrade 99 restorative materials showed wear resistance comparable to human enamel when loaded with enamel cusps. Wear of Targis versus composite and gold antagonists was significantly higher (p<0.0001). Analysis of surface alterations showed hygroscopic expansion in all composite resins during the test. CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence of this study, necessity to further improve physical properties of composites for long lasting restorations was obvious. Beside of attritional wear in OCA, attention must be given to stable filler-matrix interfaces and prevention of water sorption.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2001

Diet and age-at-death determinations from molar attrition. A review related to the low countries.

To elucidate the impact of diet on age-at-death determinations based on molar attrition a comparison was made between the established rate of attrition in three populations; a pre-mediaeval (British), a late mediaeval (Dutch) and a 17-18th century (Dutch) (western European). It appeared that the rate decreased dramatically during the overall time span and that this change was probably diet related and owing to the coarseness of foodstuffs. This result strongly indicated that molar age-attrition tables should only be used for age-at-death determinations if their application is restricted to a particular cultural period and diet.

Adult↗