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PubMed1998

[Bulky superinfected tinea capitis of the scalp. Treatment by surgical resection and reconstruction by cutaneous expansion].

BACKGROUND: Tinea capitis are usually cured by medical treatment. We present an unusual case which required a surgical treatment. CASE REPORT: A bulky infected kerion ignored for several weeks extended to a large part of the scalp of a 4-year-old girl. Antibiotics and antifungal agents were ineffective so that a total resection was necessary. The loss of substance was covered by a cutaneous graft; the large alopecia was secondarily repaired by a cutaneous expansion. Evolution has been followed for the past 10 years. CONCLUSION: It is exceptional that surgical treatment should be required for this condition.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1993

Increasing importance of Trichophyton tonsurans in childhood tinea in New South Wales. The pattern of childhood tinea in New South Wales, Australia 1979-1988: the emergence of Trichophyton tonsurans as an important pathogen in tinea capitis in white children.

A retrospective study was undertaken of 192 cases of culture proven tinea capitis occurring between 1979 and 1988 in a predominantly white population of children in New South Wales (NSW). The aim of the study was to identify whether Trichophyton tonsurans was increasing in importance in the causation of this condition in Australia as it was in many other parts of the world. The results of our study were compared with those of earlier Australian studies. Our study demonstrated that Trichophyton tonsurans is now equal in importance to Microsporum canis which was previously the strongly predominant organism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Studies on the prevalence of tinea capitis infection in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Investigations were carried out into the prevalence of tinea capitis infection among school children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The prevalence rate of clinical infection was found to be 14.02%. The infection was found to be more frequent among pupils between ages 5 and 10 years, and more prevalent among the poor than the rich (p less than 0.005). Families having between 1 and 4 children had lower prevalence than families having minimum of five children (p less than 0.10). Approximately one-third of the clinically infected children were not receiving any treatment while about two-thirds of the remaining two-thirds were using local native remedies, some of which had resulted in deaths of some children. The most common causative agent isolated from the lesions was Microsporum audouinii.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Pilot study of terbinafine in children suffering from tinea capitis: evaluation of efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics.

In an open pilot study, 12 children with tinea capitis were treated for 6 weeks with oral terbinafine (125 mg/day), and followed up 2 weeks later. The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of terbinafine. All patients were completely cured at the end of the treatment period, and there was no evidence of relapse at follow-up. Seven had a negative culture after 3 weeks of treatment. The time to obtain culture conversion from positive to negative did not appear to be related to body weight, but to clinical severity at baseline. Terbinafine is well tolerated and safe over a 56-day period. The kinetic data show a higher clearance of terbinafine in children compared with adults, with shorter alpha- and beta-phase elimination half-lives. However, a longer terminal gamma-phase (at least 6 days) is observed, as in adults, after multiple dose administration, and this is related to elimination from the tissues. The plasma concentrations are comparable between children and adults at a steady state (125 mg/day).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Tinea capitis in adults and adolescents. A note on 8 cases].

We have studied five cases of "Tinea capitis" in adults and two in young people (13 years old). All the adults cases and one of the young people were female. The causative fungi have been: "T. violaceum" in four patients; "T. mentagrophytes", var. granulosum, "T. mentagrophytes", var. vellosa and "T. tonsurans", in each of the others three, respectively. The clinical features in one case was similar to a seborrheic dermatites with a resaciform "Tinea faciei"; three other cases were suggestive of cronic imptigo contagiosa and even of favus impetigoid; still other one was mimicking a pseudopelada; other one started as a alopecia areata. developing later on, deep abscesiform lesions of torpid evolution; the last one had a typical kerion Celsii. All the patients have showed a good response to specific treatment, with satisfactory regrowing of hair. There are comments on the casuistic and comparation with the reviewed cases in the medical literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A survey of tinea capitis in primary school children in Harare, Zimbabwe.

A survey of the prevalence and appearance of tinea infections and associated dermatophytes in schools in Harare is reported. Of 704 children examined, 29% showed clinical evidence of tinea capitis; of these, 86% had mycological evidence of infection. Dermatophytes were isolated from 69% of all the specimens. The most common was Trichophyton violaceum (78% of the isolates), 9% of the dermatophytes were Microsporum audouinii, and other isolates were T. mentagrophytes, T. yaoundei, M. gypseum and M. canis.

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Two cases of tinea capitis with different clinical courses].

We report cases of two 4-year-old boys with tinea capitis who attend the same daynursery. Clinically, on the first visit both lesions were a superficial type, however we initiated treatment with a dose of 50 mg/day of oral itraconazole. Althougth the lesion of case 2 improved after 11 weeks of treatment, case 1 developed to kerion celsi and required continued treatment for 22 weeks for cure. Microsporum canis was isolated from the hairs of both cases and MIC of itraconazole against both isolates was 1 micro g/ml. We specurate that secondary bacterial infection was responsible for the development to kelion celsi in case 2.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1993

Epidemiological study of tinea capitis in Puerto Rico.

Two separate studies were carried out to determine the dermatophytes responsible for tinea capitis in Puerto Rico. A retrospective study to determine those agents during the period between 1979 and 1989 revealed a total of 36 mycologically positive cases. The causative organisms consisted of the following species: M. canis, 14 cases (38.9%); T. mentagrophytes, 7 cases (19.4%); T. rubrum, 7 cases (19.4%); M. gypseum, 5 cases (13.9%); and T. tonsurans, T. verrucosum, unclassified Microsporum species, 1 case each (2.8% each). In a prospective study, fungal cultures were obtained from the scalps of 95 randomly selected children (45 males, 50 females) seen at the outpatient dermatology clinics of the Medical Sciences Campus of the University of Puerto Rico for a variety of skin problems but with no symptoms or signs of disease. One culture was positive for M. canis. All other cultures were negative. The significance of these findings is discussed as well as their relation to the incidence of T. tonsurans scalp infections in the Unites States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Tinea capitis in Siena, Italy. An 18-year survey.

In the period 1980-1998, 181 cases of tinea capitis out of a total of 1480 cases of dermatophytosis were observed in Siena, Italy; 176 cases were children (mean age 6 years, range 45 days to 14 years; 91 boys, 85 girls) and the other five cases were postmenopausal women. Diagnosis was made on the basis of culture which was positive in 179 cases, and direct microscopic observation which was positive in 155 of 179 cases. In two cases, positive direct microscopic results were not confirmed by the culture. The most frequently isolated mycete was Microsporum canis (162 cases, 90.5%) and the main source of infection was the cat, which was often a healthy carrier. The second most frequent mycete was Trychophyton mentagrophytes. Trichophyton violaceum, a dermatophyte practically absent from our province since the 1960s, was isolated in five patients. All patients were successfully treated. One adult was treated with oral ketoconazole and the other four with oral itraconazole. The children were all treated with griseofulvin and topical antimycotics. Two children, observed in 1997-1998, who did not respond to griseofulvin, achieved clinical and mycological recovery with oral itraconazole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tinea capitis in the elderly. A report on two cases caused by Trichophyton tonsurans.

The clinical picture in tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans varies. In this report, 2 elderly female patients with T. tonsurans infections of the scalp mimicking eczema seborrhoeicum and discoid lupus erythematosus, respectively, are described. Recurrence of the infection in the first case was probably related to reduced fungal sensitivity to griseofulvin, as indicated in in vitro studies.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Etiology of tinea capitis in Athens, Greece -- a 6-year (1996-2001) retrospective study.

A total of 577 patients with tinea capitis have been diagnosed at the Mycology laboratory of 'A. Sygros' Hospital of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Athens, Greece between 1996 and 2001. From these patients, 100 were immigrants from Balkan, Near East and African countries. The vast majority of the patients (95%) were children, mainly at preschool and school age and only 5% were adults. Zoophilic dermatophytes accounted for 86.5% followed by anthropophilic (12.4%) and geophilic (1.2%) dermatophytes. The majority of anthropophilic infections (59.5%) were recorded in the sub-population of immigrants. Microsporum canis (84.5%) was the main etiologic agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Tinea capitis in adults caused by Trichophyton violaceum. One case report].

Nowadays, tinea capitis is not the most frequent clinical presentation of dermatophytoses. Classically, Sabouraud defined this condition as common in childhood and rare in adults. Nevertheless, it is occasionally observed in adults, most frequently in women over 50 years-old. Trichophyton violaceum is one of the species isolated. We report this case for its rarity and to advise the clinician that one should consider a possible fungal infection in adults showing desquamating plaques in the scalp.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1955

Tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans; incidence, diagnosis and epidemiology in the San Francisco Bay Region.

Eighty-five cases of tinea capitis due to T. tonsurans were observed in the San Francisco Bay area during the five years 1950-54. This disease, unlike the common microsporum infections, sometimes affects adults and adolescents. Hairs infected with T. tonsurans do not fluoresce under the Wood's light. Diagnosis is a laboratory procedure in which the fungus is isolated from the hair. There are three clinical varieties of the disease. The course is prolonged and treatment is unsatisfactory. The disease apparently has spread from Mexico, through the Southwest and Southern California. Control is difficult.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tinea capitis in children from Goiânia, Brazil].

During the period January 1999 to July 2002 a total de 164 cases of Tinea capitis were diagnosed by mycological examination in Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública of the Universidade Federal de Goiás. Of the 164 patients 94 (57.3%) were males, with an age of 3 months to 13 years. Laboratory studies were performed by direct examination with 20% KOH and cultivated on Mycobiotic agar medium and Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol. The following species were identified: Microsporum canis (71.3%), Trichophyton tonsurans (11%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (7.9%), Trichophyton rubrum (6.7%), and Microsporum gypseum (3%). Our study showed that the most frequent rise of scalp infection was a zoophylic fungi, called Microsporum canis.

Adolescent↗