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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Problems in children with growth hormone deficiency in Slovakia].

The authors give an account of 71 patients treated on account of complete growth hormone deficiency in Slovakia. Before the age of five the diagnosis was established in 24 children, after the age of 10 in 17 patients. Nine patients suffer from panhypopituitarism, while isolated deficiency of growth hormone was recorded in 34 patients. Perinatal pathology plays an important role in the aetiology. A tumour caused the disorder in five children. Treatment of the majority of patients was not systematic and was inadequate because of shortage of growth hormone. When regular substitution treatment was started before the age of 8 years, the therapeutic results were very satisfactory. The authors draw attention to the danger of further deterioration of care of children with growth hormone deficiency for economic reasons.

Child↗
PubMed1991

[Retrospective epidemiologic analysis of the occurrence of measles in Slovakia].

The authors give a detailed account of the reported measles morbidity in Slovakia during the past 50 years (almost half a million notified cases). Before vaccination on a mass scale was introduced, some 1% of the notified cases died. The most frequent cause of death was pneumonia, followed by encephalitis. Since 1977 there was not a single death from measles. Before vaccination was introduced preschool children were affected most badly by the morbidity. After introduction of vaccination on a mass scale a systematic shift of the morbidity to older age groups was observed. The morbidity trend from measles tends at present towards zero and is usually interrupted by imported cases from endemic areas or minor epidemics which developed from these imported cases. Systematic vaccination with an effective vaccine leads to elimination of measles as a disease with a mass incidence. Vaccination on a mass scale logically has an impact on the incidence of complications, acute as well as late ones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiologic analysis of the report "Non-specific intestinal diseases" (Slovakia 1975-1989)].

The authors submit an analysis of the notified morbidity, the number of deaths and work incapacity on account of "non-specified intestinal diseases" ("009") in Slovakia in 1975-1989. They focus attention on the age distribution and seasonal incidence of these diseases. During the investigation period 27,075 cases were reported and the morbidity has a rising trend. The most severely affected age group are infants where the death rate is highest. The authors found a marked disproportion between the number of notified diseases and the work incapacity on account of "009", which accounts for 2/3 of all work incapacities on account of intestinal infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Onset of menarche and the course of menstrual cycles in female athletes in Youth Training Centers in Slovakia].

The authors characterize girls in youth Training Centres in Slovakia from the medical anthropometric, somatotypological and locomotor aspect and recorded the time of menarche and course of the menstrual cycle. 1. The group comprised 107 girls, mean age 13.69 years who specialized in different sports: tennis players, skiers (cross country skiing), high mountain skiers, synchronized swimmers, gymnasts, swimmers. 2. The mean daily load was 4-5 hours and together with competitions during weekends 800 hours per year. 3. Tennis players, gymnasts and swimmers started regular training at preschool age and the time of menarche varied. At an age above 12.5 years menarche was not recorded in high mountain skiers and swimmers. At a mean age above 13 menarche was recorded in tennis players, synchronized swimmers and gymnasts but not always in the whole group. The latest time of menarche was recorded in cross country skiers. In the menstrual cycle regularities and irregularities, dysmenorrhoea, premenstrual tension and sacralgia were recorded. As some girls did not enter menarche yet it is not possible to evaluate conclusively the influence of intensive physical training on the organism of girls. 4. The authors compared all assembled results with results in the available literature. 5. The authors proceed with the described investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Detection of antibodies to the western and the eastern type of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in patient's sera from Slovakia.

We present serological evidence of infection with western and eastern type of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus in patient's sera from Slovakia by indirect immunofluorescence. Treatment of sera with 2-mercaptoethanol decreased levels of haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies to the eastern type of HFRS suggesting primary infection of the patients by this virus.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Longitudinal study of natural foci of Central European encephalitis virus in West Slovakia.

A total of 2922 small terrestrial mammals of 12 species were collected in six localities of West Slovakia between 1981 and 1986. When examined for the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies (NA) to Central European encephalitis (CEE) virus we found that 14.6% had antibody. Nearly all (97%) of the 426 animals with antibody were Clethrionomys glareolus, the most abundant species (52.6% of mammals collected, 15.1% of those with antibody). Apodemus flavicollis (22.5% of mammals collected, 18.1% of those with antibody), Apodemus sylvaticus (14% of mammals collected, 8.5% of those with antibody), and Microtus arvalis (5.5% of mammals collected, 3.3% of those with antibody). In all locations studies the most abundant tick found on small mammals was Ixodes ricinus (larvae and nymphs). Less abundant, but present in all studied sites, were larvae and nymphs of Dermacentor reticulatus and Haemaphysalis concinna. Six strains of CEE virus were isolated from tissues of animals: four from Clethryonomys glareolus and one each from Apodemus flavicollis and Sorex araneus. Three of six isolates were from animals collected in February; none of the six had detectable neutralizing antibody to CEE virus. We discuss these observations with regard to possible mechanisms of persistence of CEE virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Arboviruses in birds captured in Slovakia.

Virus neutralizing (VN) antibodies against Sindbis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), West Nile (WN), Tahyna and Calovo viruses were found in birds captured in Slovakia. In parallel, Sindbis, TBE and WN viruses were isolated from the blood, brain and liver of migrating birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Goiter prevalence and thyroid volume by ultrasonographic volumetry in two groups of schoolchildren and adolescents from east Slovakia.

Thyroid volume by ultrasonographic volumetry was estimated in a total of 427 boys and 425 girls aged 7 to 16 years from East Slovakia. It was found that the volume is increasing by age and body weight, being in average about 2.5 ml in 7-8 years old, 3.5 to 4.5 ml in 9-12 years old, 5.2-6.0 ml in 13-14 years old and, as reported previously, 11-12 ml in 15-16 years old. Comparing these results to the findings reported from other countries, it may be concluded that in 13-14 years old schoolchildren the thyroid volume was about twice as high as reported for the same age group from Sweden (with presumably sufficient iodine intake) and by about 20 percent less than found in 13 years old schoolchildren in Federal Republic of Germany (with insufficient iodine intake). The average thyroid volume found in pubertal adolescents aged 15-16 years closely resembled that found in Federal Republic of Germany and was even higher than that found in adults from Sweden and Netherlands where the iodine intake is considered to be sufficient. Palpatory findings according to WHO scale showed 21 percent of goiter stage 1a in boys aged 7-14 years and 24 percent in girls of the same age group, while such values were 23 and 27 percent for boys and girls aged 15 and 16 years, respectively. In addition, in those aged 15-16 years about 3 percent of goiter stage 1b were found, while in those aged 7-14 only 3 cases of goiter stage 1b out of 425 examined were observed. It may be concluded that the present status of thyroid size in examined group closely resembles the first grade endemy of goiter as defined recently by Hetzel and, moreover, it may be suggested that the intake of iodine about 100 micrograms daily (which was recently reported by other authors from Czechoslovakia as based on urinary excretion of iodine) apparently does not fully prevent the development of goiter stage 1 in a considerable amount of children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Detection of the antigen and antibodies to the eastern subtype of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus in small rodents in Slovakia.

Direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the demonstration of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus antigen in lung tissue of small rodents trapped in Eastern and Western Slovakia. The eastern subtype of HFRS virus antigen was demonstrated in the lungs of Apodemus agrarius and of the western subtype in the lungs of Microtus arvalis. Antibodies to HFRS virus antigen have been detected in Apodemus species (A. agrarius and A. flavicollis) in higher titres to the Eastern subtype.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A serological survey for Bhanja and tick-borne encephalitis viruses in sheep of eastern Slovakia.

755 sheep from 41 farms in the districts of Trebisov, Michalovce, Humenné and Roznava in the East Slovakian region were investigated on the presence of antibodies to Bhanja (neutralization test) and tick-borne encephalitis (haemagglutination-inhibition test) viruses. In respective districts 2.2%, 0.4%, 1.7% and 26.7% of animals (total 5.3%) were found to be positive on Bhanja virus, 4.4%, 1.5%, 1.7% and 5.0% (total 2.6%) on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus. The considerable infection rate in sheep with Bhanja virus in the district of Roznava (mean 26.7%-on one farm as high as 63.9% serologically positive animals) can be explained by the local occurrence of the tick Haemaphysalis punctata, the main vector of this virus in Europe. The serologic screening conducted indicates a low activity of natural foci of TBE in eastern Slovakia today, and confirms the existence of a natural focus of infection with Bhanja virus in the district of Roznava. Recent circulation of Bhanja virus is indicated by antibodies detected in several one-year-old sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Epidemiologic aspects of malignant skin melanoma in Slovakia.

The trends of age-adjusted incidence rates of malignant skin melanoma in Slovakia from 1968 to 1977 showed important increase with an annual increment of 5.8% in males and 3.2% in females. The mortality rates during this period remained lower and their increase was less expressed. The study of geographic patterns of incidence revealed great variation with highest rates in urban districts. A marked predominance of the primary lesions on trunk in males and on lower limbs in females was observed. The differences in anatomic distribution are demonstrated also in age-specific incidence rates of malignant skin melanoma by main subsites. Intermittent overexposures to the sunlight in connection with rising standard of life and leisure seem to be the most suitable explanation for the rise and subsite distribution and dynamics, as well as the geographic patterns and international position of incidence rates of malignant skin melanoma in this country.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Characteristics of some tick--borne encephalitis virus strains isolated in Slovakia.

Several tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus strains isolated in Slovakia from 1974-1978 were characterized by their cytophatic abilities, sensitivity to heating at 50 degrees C and to 2 M urea, and pathogenicity for white mice. Strains isolated from Ixodes ricinus ticks differed in pathogenic properties from those isolated from Clethrinomys glareolus. The latter strains (Skalica) may be considered a spontaneous variant of TBA virus with decreased virulence for mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Incidence of childhood tumors in Slovakia.

During the decade 1968-1977 a total of 1488 cases of neoplasms were registered in Slovakia in children aged 0-14 years giving an average annual age-specific rate of 120.7 per million. Tumors prevailed in boys with 131.2 in comparison with girls showing 109.7 incidence rate/10(6). The most common malignancies were leukemias (28.2%), tumors of nervous system (23.9%), lymphomas (14.9%) and Wilm's tumors of kidney (6.7%). The proportion of remaining histologic types was lower. The necessity of the use of standard international classification based on morphology for mutual international comparison of childhood tumors incidence rates as well as for other epidemiological investigations is emphasised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Geographic patterns of oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum cancer mortality in Slovakia.

The deaths caused by the mentioned four basic cancer sites of the gastrointestinal tract represented almost one third of all deaths from cancer in Slovakia during the decade 1968--1977. The age-adjusted rates and trends showed substantial increase of the mortality from colon cancer in both sexes as well as from rectum and oesophagus cancer in men and simultaneously significant decrease of stomach cancer in men and women together with quite unchanged rates of rectum and oesophagus cancer mortality in women during the investigated period. Study of the geographic distribution of standardised mortality rates of these cancer sites revealed the existence of great differences in the frame of the individual sites as well as the tendency of substitute the decreasing mortality rates of stomach cancer with those of colon and rectum especially in the western part of the country. The possible advantages and perspectives of the investigation of the geographic patterns of cancer mortality in adequately great territorial units in this country are discussed.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Results of serological surveys for leptospirosis in animals and people in the environs of 2 water reservoirs in eastern Slovakia].

The authors present the results of serological surveys for leptospirosis in rodents, cattle and humans, carried out in the vicinity of two large water reservoirs in Eastern Slovakia. Of the total number of 243 rodents covered by the surveys, 8.2% yielded positive reactions with leptospiral antigens. In most cases the sera reacted with L. grippotyphosa and L. sejroe . Of 168 samples of cattle serum, 13 serum samples, i.e. 7.7.%, yielded positive reactions, also with L. sejroe and L. grippotyphosa. In the group of serum samples obtained from humans, 28 out of 876 samples studied in the surveys, i. e. 3.1%, were positive. Among humans 6 serotypes were established; of these, L. sejroe occurred most frequently among humans, and also among domestic animals and rodents, then followed L. bratislava and L. grippotyphosa. The positive results obtained in humans, cattle and rodents with the prevalence of the same serotypes indicate the existence of close contacts of humans with animals, as well as the possibility of acquiring water-borne infection in recreation zones.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of the thermostability of Newcastle disease virus strains isolated in Slovakia].

Reference strains of Newcastle disease virus of different virulence (two lentogenic, two mesogenic and three velogenic), isolated in Czechoslovakia and other countries, were compared with 11 field strains isolated in Slovakia in 1973, 1977, 1979 and 1980 as to the stability of their infectivity for cell cultures and as to their hemagglutination activity at a temperature of 56 degrees C for 120 minutes. The inactivation curves indicate that ten strains belong to the group of velogenic viruses and one of them is lentogenic. Although the data on hemagglutinin thermostability and infectivity do not suffice to characterize the virus strain, it is possible, by comparing the inactivation curves determined by the described method, to differentiate the field strains of Newcastle disease virus as lentogenic, mesogenic and velogenic. Some instability of the relationship between the thermostability and virulence of the virus is ascribed to the heterogeneity of the virus population.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Natural infection of the tick Dermacentor reticulatus (Fabr.) with the microsporidian Nosema slovaca Weiser et Rehácek in Slovakia.

A total of 6,199 adult ticks (Haemaphysalis intermis, Dermacentor reticulatus, D. marginatus and Ixodes ricinus) collected in three localities in Slovakia were examined for microsporidian infection. The spores of Nosema slovaca were found in six D. reticulatus (0.097%). The microsporidian experimentally inoculated into the hemocele of half-engorged females of D. reticulatus caused acute infection and death of the host. The infection can be transmitted also to other tick species from the same region. The yield of spores from one tick ranges from 3 X 10(5) to 52 X 10(7) depending on the infection dose and tick species. Peroral infection of some butterfly larvae with the microsporidian pores was unsuccessful. The importance of Nosema infection in ticks in nature is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Infection of cattle and livestock handlers with Coxiella burnetti and Chlamydiae in the farm of Bernolákovo (West Slovakia).

Antibodies to phase II C. burnetti and to chlamydial antigen were found in sera of dairy cows and livestock handlers collected in the farm of Bernolákovo [West Slovakia]. The levels of C. burnetti antibodies detectable by the microagglutination reaction exceeded those detected by the complement-fixation reaction in 90% of cow sera. In the group of 51 dairy cows having C. burnetii antibodies, 58.8% of animals reacted positively with chlamydial antigen in titres from 8 to 256. In 3 of the 8 dairy cows selected from the group of animals which and both C. burnetii and chlamydial antibodies and were in the stage of lactation, the presence of C. burnetii in milk was demonstrated by bioassay in golden hamsters, whereas parallel attempts to demonstrate Chlamydiae were negative. However, on chlamydial strain from the placenta of a serologically positive dairy cow was isolated in chick embryo yolk sac. Simultaneous occurrence of C. burnetii and chlamydial antibodies in the sera of livestock handlers indicates the possibility of occupational hazard of agricultural worker's infection with only C. burnetii but also with Chlamydiae. Investigation of the causative connection of such a finding will be the subject of further studies.

Animal Husbandry↗