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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Case management of pregnant and parenting female crack and polydrug abusers.

The increasing use of crack-cocaine among addicted women and subsequent births of polydrug-exposed infants prompted the State of Florida to undertake initiatives to seek solutions to these problems. This study, focused on one of these initiatives, explored the relationship between service components of a comprehensive treatment program and substance-free time among 120 African American and Caucasian crack-cocaine addicted women. Findings from a multiple regression analysis indicated that aftercare management (p < .0001), vocational services (p < .02), and residential treatment (p < .03) were statistically significant services associated with substance-free time. Although these findings are not conclusive, they are supportive of a growing body of literature that suggests that crack-using and polydrug-using women can be responsive to treatment when it is tailored to their individual needs and includes long-term community support.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The pattern of patients admitted to psychiatric rehabilitation services: defining homogeneous groups. Multivariate analysis of a sample. A working group].

OBJECTIVE: To provide a multidimensional description about the pattern of patients recovered in some Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services, as emerging from identification of similar groups regarded the total severity. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional survey has been conducted on patients recovered in 4 Northern-Italy Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services. A statistical bottom-up analysis (Principal Components and Cluster Analysis) has been performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Any patient has been evaluated using a questionnaire with well-known rating scales (BPRS-psychiatric rating, Katx index and IADL index, IDS index of comorbidity) together with informations on sex, age, social and economic state, psychiatric history, therapeutic devices and staff involvement. RESULTS: We analyzed 455 patients. 267 (58.7%) male and the mean age is 58.517.9. After statistical analysis, 4 clusters of patients has been found: the first group (106 patients) is younger, described as not seriously compromised, mostly with psychotic problems; the second (96 patients, most of them woman with diagnosis of dementia) is much older, with serious problems of independency and comorbidity. The third (82 patients) and fourth (171 patients) group show intermediate patterns. The level of care requested by these groups has been provided. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the usefulness of sophisticated statistical methods to describe patients recovered in psychiatric rehabilitation services. Moreover, our findings could be useful as good proposal to the people involved in this field, planning an active intervention in this area.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Not virtual, but a real, live, online, interactive reference service.

In today's fast-paced environment, traditional medical reference services alone are not adequate to meet users' information needs. Efforts to find new ways to provide comprehensive service to users, where and when needed, have often included the use of new and developing technologies. This paper describes the experience of an academic health science library in developing and providing an online, real-time reference service. Issues discussed include selecting software, training librarians, staffing the service, and considering the future of the service. Use statistics, question type analysis, and feedback from users of the service and librarians who staff the service, are also presented.

California↗
PubMed1985

A community survey of psychological impairment among Anglo- and Mexican Americans and its relationship to service utilization.

Discussions of Mexican American mental health need have been limited to analyses of service utilization statistics, most of which have shown Mexican Americans to use mental health services proportionally less than other racial/ethnic groups. Consequently, Mexican Americans have been viewed as a group having greater unmet mental health needs. Yet, these utilization-based needs assessments make an implicit and untested assumption: that the proportion of the psychologically impaired is comparable across racial/ethnic groups. The purpose of the present investigation was, first, to contribute to a baseline measurement of psychological impairment among Mexican Americans in order to assess what utilization should be for this group and, second, to determine relationships between impairment symptomatology and sociodemographic characteristics which are unique to the Mexican American population. Anglo- and Mexican Americans (n = 515) living in one of three suburban communities in Southern California were selected by way of a random-digit, multistage cluster telephone sampling procedure. Respondents gave responses to a standardized measurement of psychological impairment. Results showed that Anglo- and Mexican Americans did not differ in anxiety, psychosocial dysfunction, and depressive symptoms. Mexican Americans in the three communities, however, were found to use mental health services proportionally less than Anglos. Relationships between age and psychosocial dysfunction symptoms, and between income and anxiety problems were different for Mexican Americans than those for Anglos. Issues related to what constitutes mental health need and the use of self-report measures of impairment to estimate mental health need across culturally diverse groups are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Rapid response car as a supplement to the helicopter in a physician-based HEMS system.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the use of a rapid response car (RRC) as a supplement to the ambulance helicopter in a mixed urban/rural region in Norway. METHODS: Data from all the requested missions were collected from standard flight records. Operational factors, patient characteristics, primary diagnosis, treatment and modes of transport were registered and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: In 1999-2001, a total of 4777 requests were included in the study, resulting in the initiation of 3172 helicopter and 752 RRC missions. In the RRC missions, 224 patients received advanced medical treatment that would otherwise not have been provided. For 181 patients, the availability of the RRC was crucial for receiving the treatment of the helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS). The cost of equipping the base with the RRC increased the annual budget by less than one percent. CONCLUSION: The RRC was essential for solving missions in periods of non-flying conditions. The RRC increased the availability of the advanced prehospital life support offered by the HEMS in this region. Taking the modest increase in cost into consideration, it seems reasonable that this HEMS, covering mixed urban and rural areas, is equipped with such a vehicle.

Air Ambulances↗
PubMed1993

The impact of advertising on price and practice volume. A case study of dental markets.

Advertising is often considered a catalyst which stimulates competition by communicating the important attributes (information) of goods and services to consumers. Theoretically, advertising makes demand responsive to strategic price differences. This advertisement-induced price elasticity puts competitive pressure on the providers' pricing strategy. It has been assumed that this effect also exists in the health care market. This study investigates the impact that the advertising of services has on the price and demand behaviour in the dental care market. The sampling frame includes 1,326 dentists, 558 (44.3%) of whom have advertised their services. The statistical results seem to dispute the claim that advertising lowers the consumer's price and increases the advertising dentist's market share.

Advertising↗
PubMed2005

Breast cancer histological classification: agreement between the Office for National Statistics and the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme.

INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological studies rely on data supplied by central cancer registration sources to be timely, accurate and complete. Validation studies of such data at a national level are limited. Data collected for the Million Women Study was used to compare the level of agreement between the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) in the recording of incident screen-detected breast cancer histology between 1996 and 2001. METHODS: 1.3 million women aged 50 to 64 years were recruited into the Million Women Study cohort via the NHSBSP. Incident screen-detected breast cancer histologies were notified separately by the ONS and NHSBSP. ICD-10 and ICD-02 ONS codes and NHSBSP histology data were similarly coded to allow for comparison in terms of cancer invasiveness and morphology. The statistical outcome measures are percentage agreement and the kappa statistic. RESULTS: A total of 5,886 incident screen-detected breast cancers were available for analysis. Of the 5,886 screen-detected cancers reported by the ONS and NHSBSP, 5,684 (96.6%, kappa = 0.9) agreed in terms of the degree of invasiveness. Of the 5,458 cancers that had been assigned a specific morphology code, there was exact agreement between the ONS and the NHSBSP in 4,922 cases (90.2%, kappa = 0.8). CONCLUSION: There is an excellent level of agreement between the ONS and NHSBSP in the recording of the histology of screen-detected breast cancer. From these results it is not possible to comment on which source of data is the more or less accurate, although the differences are very small.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Advertising's impact on calls to a women's healthline.

The impact of advertising on calls to a women's healthline during its first year is assessed. Results indicate that callers cited all but one medium used as their source(s) of information about the healthline. Television and billboards drew the most callers, whereas other paid media attracted fewer callers than did free communication channels such as word of mouth.

Advertising↗