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Play and reality.

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Adaptation, Psychological↗

Extra-analytic contacts: fantasy and reality.

E-A.C. are avoided in our practice and literature. However, they often blur the distinction between transferential illusion and reality, more so in training analyses. E-A.C. excite the patient's curiosity, exhibitionism and 'primal scene' fantasies with their concomitant anxieties. Such fears lead patients to phobically avoid analysing these encounters, whose effects analysts may also dread. However, calling attention to the avoidance may promote significant analytic developments. Illusion on the psychoanalytic stage is a regressive force which brings out significant affects and internalized relationships. Affects focus the patient's attention. E-A.C. occur in a 'transitional space' where fantasy and reality become both confused and differentiated, allowing for playfulness, creativity and emotional growth. The reality elements within psychoanalysis are reviewed: the patients' actual experience, the contract, the setting and the analyst's personality. The setting becomes the container of a mute symbiotic transference that may turn persecutory when the analytic routine is altered by an E-A.C. Hence, patients and analysts alike become anxious after an E-A.C. E-A.C. reminds us that analysis--like life!--is a constant dynamic interplay between fantasy and reality.

Fantasy↗

Review of virtual reality treatment for mental health.

This paper describes recent research that proposes virtual reality techniques as a therapy for patients with cognitive and psychological problems. Specifically this applies to victims of conditions such as traumatic brain injury, Alzheimers and Parkinsons. Additionally virtual reality therapy offers an alternative to current desensitization techniques for the treatment of phobias Some important issues are examined including means of user interaction, skills transfer to the real world, and side-effects of virtual reality exposure.

Brain Diseases↗

The management of dementia: a review of some possibilities.

Evidence relating to the effects of therapeutic intervention on the behaviour of elderly demented patients is reviewed. Contrary to common prejudice there is strong evidence that improvements in functioning can be achieved by social and behavioural manipulations although maintaining such gains may be more difficult. There are some indications as to what type of intervention is likely to be most effective and some specific techniques that might be of use are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗