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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Comparison of rhenium-188, rhenium-186-HEDP and strontium-89 in palliation of painful bone metastases].

AIM: Several radiopharmaceuticals were compared previously with regard to the efficiency in pain palliation of bone metastases. Furthermore, first results were reported on the suitability for such kind of therapy of the generator produced radionuclide rhenium-188. METHOD: Influence of Rhenium-188-HEDP (Re-188), Rhenium-186-HEDP (Re-186) and Strontium-89 (Sr-89) on pain symptoms and bone marrow function were obtained in 44 patients (pts). These were 16 pts. with Re-188 (2943 +/- 609 MBq), 13 pts. with Re-186 (1341 +/- 161 MBq) and 15 pts. with Sr-89 (152 +/- 18 MBq) (6 woman with breast cancer and 38 men with prostata cancer). RESULTS: 81 of pts. after Re-188, 77% after Re-186 and 80% after Sr-89 reported relief of pain. The Karnofsky-Index established by pts. increased from 74 +/- 9% to 85 +/- 11% after Re-188, from 70 +/- 11% to 76 +/- 11% after Re-186 and from 62 +/- 10% to 69 +/- 10% after Sr-89. However, the difference between the pre- and the post-therapeutic value is only statistically significant in the case of Re-188 therapy (p = 0.001). A decrease of platelets of 30 +/- 14% after 2.8 +/- 0.7 for pts. treated with Re-188, of 39 +/- 20% after 3.7 +/- 1.0 weeks for pts. treated with Re-186 and of 34 +/- 26% after 4.4 +/- 1.0 weeks for pts. treated with Sr-89 compared to the value before therapy was observed. The difference was not significant between the 3 groups of pts. (p = 0.125 to 0.862). CONCLUSION: All tried radiopharmaceuticals were effective in pain palliation. The various radionuclides had no significant difference in the pain relief or the bone marrow impairment. If only the Karnofsky-Index after Re-188 HEDP seems to be a little more increase.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Federal regulations and reimbursement for PET.

OBJECTIVE: The regulatory and reimbursement environment for PET has changed significantly over the past several years. The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) findings of the safety and efficacy of key PET drugs have been published, as well as guidelines for the applications to produce PET drugs. In addition, the national Medicare coverage policy for PET has been expanded, most recently with additional indications and coverage restrictions added as of July 2001. The payment rates under the new Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (HOPPS) have been set for PET as well. This communication reviews these recent changes and discusses their impact on the development and operation of a PET center. After reading this article, the nuclear medicine technologist should be able to: (a) state the indications for the use of PET drugs that have been found to be safe and effective by the FDA; (b) detail the general procedures a PET drug production site would have to undertake to be in compliance with FDA regulations; (c) list specific studies that have been approved for payment by Medicare; and (d) describe billing codes used for PET scans. Clarification of regulatory and reimbursement issues is leading to rapid expansion of clinical PET. Keeping abreast of these changes will ensure the successful expansion of any nuclear medicine program to include PET services.

Drug Approval↗
PubMed2003

Preparation of "high specific activity" radiochemical forms of vanadium, manganese and thallium for metallo-toxicological studies.

In this paper are presented the production methods for very "high specific activity" radionuclides (HSA-RN) of vanadium, manganese and thallium which have been developed in our laboratories for labelling different chemical forms of these elements present in the echo-systems in ultra-trace amounts, for metallo-toxicological and bio-kinetic studies. Use was made of both cyclotron and thermal nuclear reactor. If the nuclear reaction product has atomic number different from irradiated target, it is possible separating the radioactive nuclide from irradiated target, without addition of isotopic carrier. This kind of radionuclide is named No Carrier Added, NCA, and his specific activity, As is very high and can reach values close to the theoretical Carrier Free one, CF. The experimental determination of specific activity, chemical and radiochemical purities is mandatory for all these kinds of applications.

Cyclotrons↗
PubMed1992

[The diagnostic potentials of pirfotekh in cardiovascular diseases].

The authors examined 98 patients with different cardiovascular diseases and 20 practically healthy subjects and established that complex use of pirphotech with 99mTc-pertechnetate gives an objective information on circulatory disorders in the myocardium. Radionuclide ventriculography in the static variant should be carried out early for obtaining adequate information on the state of cardiodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ecological protection against volley discharges of radon from the installations of radon laboratories].

The authors analyzed the amount of radon waste and decay products discharged into atmosphere from radon laboratory units. Underlying principles of the design of radon escape monitoring and protection devices are considered. Relevant rating and the parameters of the apparatus developed to considerably limit the isotopes escape are presented. The apparatus is adjusted for current devices making radon concentrates.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

Radiation dose from radiopharmaceuticals contaminated with molybdenum-99.

Sixteen patients undergoing routine nuclear imaging procedures were injected with 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals containing 99Mo which exceeded the recommended limit of 1 microCi of 99mMo per mCi of 99mTc. The kinetics of the resulting 99Mo distribution in 14 of these patients were studied over a period of several weeks. The mean biologic half-life [T 1/2b] ranged from about 19.3 days to 11.2 days depending on the model used. Similarly, the mean radiation dose to the liver ranged from approximately 0.02 rad/microCi of 99Mo to 0.05 microCi of 99Mo.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Cyclotrons and radiopharmaceuticals in positron emission tomography. Council on Scientific Affairs. Report of the Positron Emission Tomography Panel.

Positron emission tomography (PET) can probe biochemical pathways in vivo and can provide quantitative data; for that purpose, tracers labeled with positron-emitting radioisotopes are essential. This report describes the tracers that are being used or that may have future use, their production by cyclotrons, and other needed resources for PET imaging. Current routine and automated methods for convenient production of labeled compounds, coupled with simple computer-controlled accelerators, can support the creation of clinical PET centers in any large medical institution, obviating the need for in-depth research teams. An alternate approach involves the development of regional centers that provide in-house service and that supply fluorine 18- and carbon 11-labeled compounds to nearby hospitals with PET machines.

Brain↗