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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Pasteurella spp. in sympatric bighorn and domestic sheep.

Domestic sheep were sighted at different times from 1991 to 1993 on four Nevada (USA) ranges occupied by bighorn sheep. Nasal and pharyngeal swab samples were collected from both sheep species and cultured to determine if any strains of Pasteurella spp. were shared on range conditions after contact of the two species. Pasteurella spp. were isolated from all 38 bighorn sheep and 16 of 17 domestic sheep included in this study. The isolates were characterized on the bases of species, biotype, serotype, biogroup, and restriction enzyme analyses (REA) as well as ribotyping of bacterial DNA. A P. haemolytica biotype 3, biogroup 11 isolate from a domestic sheep had biochemical, REA, and ribotype profiles which were identical to those of isolates from three bighorn sheep on the same range. None of the other isolates were found to be common to the two sheep species. Disease was not detected in any of the bighorn populations. However, bighorn sheep populations were extirpated on two ranges while increasing on the other two, including the range on which P. haemolytica biotype 3, biogroup 11 strain was isolated. Declining sheep numbers were not correlated with the presence of any one strain of Pasteurella spp from the sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Bacteremia and Pasteurella multocida pneumonia revealing HIV infection].

Pasteurella multocida is a major pathogen in local wound infections due to animal bites. Pneumonia and bacteremia are less frequent and usually associated with local or general impairment of host defenses. Scarce reports exist about Pasteurella multocida infections in HIV infected patients. We report here a case of hypoxemic pneumonia and bacteremia due to Pasteurella multocida revealing an HIV infection in a young man.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Erysipelas-like cellulitis with Pasteurella multocida bacteremia after a cat bite.

A 73-year-old female patient presented with Pasteurella multocida erysipelas-like cellulitis, bacteremia, and shock. The onset of the disease occurred 24 h after a cat bit her to the right lower leg. Initially, the picture of bacteremia and shock developed, with minimal local cellulitis. Pasteurella multocida grew in blood culture. A combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid was therapeutically successful in respect that the signs of bacteremia and shock disappeared. However, extensive erysipelas-like cellulitis developed on the bitten leg within the next 2 days. The disease was efficiently treated with penicillin G combined with netilmicin and administered for 10 days. This report documents the first case of Pasteurella multocida erysipelas-like cellulitis with bacteremia and shock.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Pasteurella gallinarum: Zimbabwean experience of a versatile pathogen.

Pasteurella gallinarum-related outbreaks in chickens and African guinea fowls are described. Four outbreaks were recorded in chickens and one in guinea fowls. Periorbital swelling and keratoconjunctivitis were the consistently present clinical signs in all the diseased birds. In several, swollen hocks and wattles were also discerened. Birds which succumbed to the infection showed petechiation in the internal organs and evidence of airsacculitis. Pasteurella gallinarum was isolated from the lesions and also from conjunctival swabs of the apparently healthy in-contact birds. There was no evidence of concurrent infection with Haemophilus, Mycoplasma or Chlamydia. Quinolone therapy when resorted to on one of the farms resolved the clinical signs. Phenotypes of 28 isolates were studied. The results compared well with the Pasteurella gallinarum isolates reported earlier from elsewhere. It was also found that results of xylose fermentation and ONPG test appear to be a variable character. There is no earlier report of P. gallinarum infection in guinea fowls.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of local and systemic immunization of suckling pigs on bronchoalveolar clearance and on intrabronchial infections with Pasteurella multocida].

In vivo investigations of bactericidal bronchoalveolar clearance of weaning pigs locally or systemically immunized with Pasteurella antigens exhibited clearly distinctive results, as early as 3 days after the last immunization. They differed from controls by significant increase in the elimination of the homologous Pasteurella multocida A wild strain. That increase in the clearance remains for 21 days and is specific only to the immunized capsular type. There are no relations of this result to the cytological findings of the lavage fluids and to results of the intrabronchial challenge infection. Frequency and severity of pneumonias were reduced by as little as 3 aerogenic immunizations with Pasteurella mutants.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Presence of bacterial glycocalyx and fimbriae on Pasteurella haemolytica in feedlot cattle with pneumonic pasteurellosis.

This investigation was conducted to determine if Pasteurella haemolytica within feedlot cattle affected by pneumonic pasteurellosis express fimbriae (pili) and bacterial glycocalyx. Bacteriological culture of pulmonary tissue from three calves with fibrinous pneumonia resulted in heavy growth of P. haemolytica. Transmission electron microscopy of the lungs showed numerous microcolonies of gram-negative bacteria with morphology typical of Pasteurella haemolytica. The cells within these microcolonies possessed bacterial glycocalyces which stained with ruthenium red. Glycocalyx-encased microcolonies were also present in specimens examined by scanning electron microscopy. Typical P. haemolytica cells were evident in a tracheal specimen and these bacteria had radial glycocalyces consistent with polysaccharide and proteinaceous material condensed on linear structures suggestive of fimbriae. The pathogenetic importance of the bacterial glycocalyx and fimbriae in shipping fever pneumonia has yet to be established but their presence in clinical cases of Pasteurella pneumonia in feedlot cattle further supports a possible role in the initiation and progression of this disease as well as bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Field-trial evaluation of a Pasteurella vaccine in preconditioned and nonpreconditioned lightweight calves.

A field-trial evaluation confirmed the efficacy of a pasteurella vaccine as a means of preventing bovine pneumonia. The vaccine was comprised of streptomycin-dependent Pasteurella multocida (type A:3) and Pasteurella haemolytica (type 1). Vaccinal efficacy was defined in terms of greater body weight gains, less severe clinical signs of pneumonia, and smaller death rates as compared with the same factors in nonvaccinated calves. During the 50-day trial, vaccinated calves gained weight faster than did nonvaccinated calves (P = 0.05). Economic advantage was not found for administering a booster dose of the vaccine (P = 0.25). Nonpreconditioned nonvaccinated calves made greater dollar profits than did preconditioned nonvaccinated calves (P = 0.16). A comparison of all preconditioned calves with all nonpreconditioned calves revealed that illness and death losses were less in the preconditioned calves (P = 0.07). An evaluation of the cost vs benefit factors revealed significant advantages for administering 1 dose of vaccine of $19.08 for a preconditioned calf (P = 0.006) and of $11.39 for a nonpreconditioned calf (P = 0.05). The data indicated that there was no economic advantage for preconditioning and that the greatest economic gain was made by the vaccinated nonpreconditioned calves.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fowl cholera: cross-protection induced by Pasteurella multocida separated from infected turkey blood.

Crude liver homogenates from turkeys that died of fowl cholera produced by serotype 1 or 3 Pasteurella multocida induced cross-protection. Pasteurella multocida harvested from the blood of infected turkeys by a centrifugal technique were as immunogenic as the liver homogenates. Neither bacterial cell-free blood plasma nor washed P. multocida from infected turkeys induced significant cross-protection. Blood plasma containing P. multocida induced significant cross-protection. Pasteurella multocida grown in the turkey underwent bacteriolysis after thawing from a frozen state. Filtered lysates did not induce cross-protection when used as vaccines whereas unfiltered lysates did. Membrane filters impeded passage of immunogenic material.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Aerosol vaccination of calves with pasteurella haemolytica against experimental respiratory disease.

Three experiments were conducted on calves in which the efficacy of vaccination with live Pasteurella haemolytica in aerosol was tested by challenge with sequential aerosol exposure to bovine herpesvirus 1 and P. haemolytica. Neither single nor multiple aerosol vaccinations protected against the experimental disease. Macroscopically recognizable rhinitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis and pneumonia occurred in both controls and vaccinates. In one experiment as many as three aerosol vaccinations with live P. haemolytica for up to 20 minutes failed to elicit clinical signs in exposed calves. Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated less frequently from tissues of vaccinated calves than from those of nonvaccinated calves. Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from deep nasal swabs of 4/14 vaccinated calves five and six days after viral exposure. It was concluded that although bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccination has been shown previously to prevent the experimental disease produced by bovine herpesvirus 1-P. haemolytica, live P. haemolytica vaccination by aerosol will not provide the same protection.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1984

[Phosphatase activity of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from poultry and mammals].

The qualitative test of Berber et al. was employed to determine the phosphatase activity of Pasteurella multocida strains from birds and mammals (cattle, pigs, and rabbits). Only eight out of a total of 50 Pasteurella strains isolated from birds (34 from cases of acute cholera, 12 - of atypic cholera and 4 - from oedema of the wattles ) proved positive (4 isolated from cases of acute cholera, and 4 isolated from cases of atypic cholera). The remaining 42 strains did not show phosphatase activity. A total of 96 P. multocida strains (37 from cattle, 27 from pigs, and 32 from rabbits) were studied. Positive phosphatase activity were shown to have 32 of the strains isolated from cattle, 26 of those isolated from pigs, and 29 of those from rabbits. In terms of percent 42 (84%) of the investigated strains isolated from birds were negative, and 16% were positive for phosphatase activity. Ninety-six as cited above, were the strains isolated from mammals, of which 90.6% were positive, and 9.4% were negative for phosphatase activity. The phosphatase activity of the Psateurella multocida strains may effectively be used to divide the strains purely biologically - as such isolated from mammals and such isolated from birds. The exceptions observed are likely to be due to migration of Pasteurella organisms from birds to mammals, and vice versa. The phosphatase activity is not shown to correlate with the pathogenicity of the respective strains for albino mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Lysates of turkey-grown Pasteurella multocida: protection against homologous and heterologous serotype challenge exposures.

Pastereulla multocida organisms were separated from the blood of experimentally infected turkeys by differential centrifugation. An average of 92% of the residual host-cell contamination was removed from the pasteurellas by density gradient centrifugation in sucrose. Sucrose suspensions of the turkey-grown pasteurellas partially lysed after freezing and thawing. Treatment of freeze-thawed suspensions with DNAse, hyaluronidase, lysozyme, EDTA, and Triton X-100 did not influence their ability to induce protection against homologous and heterologous serotype challenge exposures. Lysozyme, EDTA, and Triton X-100 completely lysed the pasteurellas and rendered the cross-protection factor(s) filterable. Addition of adjuvant to completely lysed P multocida did not appear to enhance protection in turkeys against heterologous serotype challenge exposure. Adjuvant added to the pellet or supernatant fraction of centrifuged complete lysate enhanced protection in turkeys. Vaccines prepared from different serotypes of turkey-grown P multocida protected chickens and mice against homologous and heterologous serotype challenge exposures.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Serology of Pasteurella multocida in laboratory rabbits: a review.

Current concepts of the structure of the capsule and cell wall of gram negative bacteria and the role of these substances on the serologic classification of bacteria were reviewed. Emphasis was placed on the methods used to serotype Pasteurella multocida as developed from studies on isolates from various animal species and the application of these methods in serotyping isolates of Pasteurella multocida from laboratory rabbits. Evidence was presented that the indirect hemagglutination test used to identify "capsular" types A, B, D, and E is based on the interaction of antibody with type specific lipopolysaccharide and is therefore a test for somatic rather than capsular materials. It also was observed that several rabbit isolates were not serologically typable by currently available reagents. Commonly used techniques to obtain relatively homogeneous bacterial extracts were discussed, and the need to characterize the extracts of Pasteurella multocida from rabbits both chemically and immunologically was emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of Pasteurella aerogenes from the uterus of a rabbit following abortion.

Pasteurella aerogenes was isolated from the uterus and peritoneal cavity of a rabbit which died 4 days after abortion. Histopathologic observations confirmed a bacterial infection. Mouse pathogenicity tests indicated that this organism was an opportunistic pathogen that might have been responsible for the stillbirths. The cultural and biochemical characteristics of this isolate were similar to those of the Pasteurella aerogenes isolated from swine. This is the first report describing the isolation of Pasteurella aerogenes from a rabbit.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1981

Pasteurella associated rhinitis of rabbits: efficacy of penicillin therapy.

Thirty adult New Zealand white rabbits with chronic rhinitis were obtained from a commercial breeding colony. Penicillin sensitive strains of Pasteurella multocida were isolated from the upper respiratory tract of 28 (93%) of these rabbits. The diseased rabbits were treated with either intramuscular penicillin or penicillin nasal spray for 10 days and monitored for clinical signs of rhinitis and for the presence of Pasteurella multocida in the nasal passages. Rabbits receiving penicillin therapy by either route showed significant remission of the clinical signs of rhinitis during the study period; however, following treatment there was not significant difference in the prevalence of rhinitis between the treated groups and the untreated group. This was due in part to the considerable but non-significant improvement shown by the untreated group. This improvement which was not due to penicillin therapy may have been due to stabilization of environmental factors. The prevalence of Pasteurella multocida in the upper respiratory tracts of either the treated or untreated rabbits did not change significantly during the study period.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Determination of the nucleotide composition of Pasteurella multocida strains].

Studied was spectrophotometrically the nucleotide composition of DNA of Pasteurella multocida strains along with studies on the nucleotide base ratio, the molar relations between nucleotide bases, the guanine/cytosine ratio in percent, and the specificity index adenine-tinin/guanine cytosine. The strains used were isolated from birds with various forms of fowl cholera (acute, atypic, and swelling of the wattles), and from calves with bronchopneumonia. Used were also mutants that were streptomycin dependent, obtained through induction with nitrosoguanidine. Close values were established of the nucleotide bases both with the individual groups of Pasteurella strains and with the mutants and their initial strains. The molar relations showed values around a unit, the guanine/cytosine ratio in percent varied from 40.14 to 43,54 and the specificity index varied from 1.25 to 1.49. Data showed that all studied strains and mutants belonged to one species - Pasteurella multocida, on the one hand, and their grouping could not be made on the basis of their nucleotide composition, on the other - contrary to some other indexes, such as biochemical activity, virulence, and behaviour to specific phages.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Pasteurella multocida infections in birds following cat bites (author's transl)].

Infection with Pasteurella multocida caused by bites has been known for several decades. Cats are an important factor in Pasteurella multocida infection. Considerable numbers of victims are 'rescued' from the mouths of cats and submitted to bird reception centres for treatment. A number of bird shelters sent birds in this condition to the present authors for closer examination. The majority of birds caught by cats die. The mortality rates in shelters were reported to be 30, 90, 99 and one hundred per cent. Of the birds rescued alive from the mouths of cats, approximately 40 per cent died from the direct effects of the bites, and approximately 60 per cent died from Pasteurella multocida infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pasteurella multocida: antibody-mediated resistance to virulent challenge exposure in vaccinated turkeys.

Aspects of antibody-mediated resistance to Pasteurella multocida infection in vaccinated turkeys were investigated. Pasteurella immune serum obtained from vaccinated turkeys was shown to confer temporary protection to nonvaccinated turkey poults. Recipients given immune serum were free of clinical signs of disease for at least 8 days after IM challenge exposure with virulent P multocidae 1059. All turkeys given normal serum died within 36 hours of challenge exposure. Vaccinated bursectomized turkeys were more susceptible to IM challenge exposure than were vaccinated nonbursectomized turkeys. In two of three trials, mortality also occurred earlier in the bursectomized groups when compared with mortality in the control groups. The presence of specific antibody may be an important determinant in resistance to Pasteurella infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of toxin-producing strains of Pasteurella multocida in nasal and tonsil swabs, a possibility for the control of atrophic rhinitis in swine breeding herds? Parallel comparison with other research methods].

Nasal, and partly tonsil swabs from pigs have been investigated by cell culture and ELISA respectively on toxigenic Pasteurella multocida strains. The controlled animals are from 89 non atrophic rhinitis- and 42 a.r.-positive herds. Toxin forming strains could not be isolated in non suspicious herds. 23 out of 42 infected herds showed toxigenic Pasteurellae. Despite a high increase in sample numbers, Pasteurella could not be detected in 19 infected herds (45%). When diagnosing atrophic rhinitis, we thus recommend to rely only on positive results of isolation. In all other cases, all other methods will have to be used in combination. Further research is necessary to find safe and fast test methods. According to recent experience, the blood-serological toxin screening test can be considered useful.

Animals↗