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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Severe dental open bite malocclusion with tongue reduction after orthodontic treatment.

We treated a 21-year-old woman with a severe open bite and macroglossia with a standard edgewise appliance and without partial glossectomy. This was followed by retention using a Begg-type plate retainer for the upper dental arch and a fixed canine-to-canine for the lower arch. A crib was added to the upper plate retainer for suppression of a tongue thrust. The lower arch relapsed during the retention period, with a widening of the intermolar distance, flaring of the anterior teeth, and increased mobility of the teeth. We chose tongue reduction to resolve these problems and one-third of the middle dorsal part of the tongue was excised. After the tongue reduction, the patient experienced no functional problem in mastication, swallowing, and gustation, but she complained of mild speech difficulty and slight pain on the dorsal portion of her tongue. These symptoms disappeared 6 months after surgery. At this time, the mandibular dental arch was markedly improved. The flared lower dental arch had returned to an upright position and the tooth mobility reduced to normal. No appliance was used after surgery. Most of the recovery changes occurred within 4 months. This case highlights the importance of the teeth tending to move toward a balance between the tongue pressure from the inside and labio-buccal pressure from the outside.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Electropalatographic and cephalometric assessment of myofunctional therapy in open-bite subjects.

Myofunctional therapy (MFT) is often prescribed to correct tongue-thrust swallowing, with the expectation that anterior open bite (AOB) will reduce spontaneously if a more posterior tongue posture is learned. However, MFT has not been subjected to systematic evaluation. Electropalatography (EPG), which is used in speech pathology to measure dynamic tongue function for diagnostic, therapeutic and research purposes, is a suitable technique for the evaluation of MFT. This prospective clinical study assessed the effect of tongue re-education therapy on tongue function and dento-facial form in AOB patients. Electropalatography recordings of speech and swallowing, and lateral head cephalometric radiographs were obtained from eight 10-year-old boys with tongue-thrust swallowing behavior and AOB before and after a course of tongue re-education therapy. Although differences in cephalometric measurements before and after therapy were small, there was some evidence of a trend for upper and lower incisor eruption, with concomitant reduction of the AOB. Analysis of the EPG speech data was inconclusive, but the swallowing data showed trends for more consistent and more anterior patterns of EPG contact after therapy. Comparison of pre- and post-therapy EPG data with data from a parallel study using a group of age-matched controls indicated that some "normalisation" of swallowing behaviour had occurred. The results of this research imply that the therapy was partially successful in improving tongue function during swallowing and in reducing AOB. Further research on a larger sample over a longer observation period is required for more accurate assessment of soft and hard tissue changes.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1990

The effect of bite-opening appliances on mandibular rotational growth and remodeling in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Previous experimental studies that have used a bite-block cemented to the maxillary dental arch have shown that the direction of growth of the maxillary complex is redirected in a superior and anterior direction for approximately 12 weeks but reassumes a normal inferior and anterior direction after that time. The purposes of this study were (1) to examine the effect of increased vertical dimension and altered mandibular posture on growth of the mandible and (2) to determine whether or not an alteration in chronic mandibular position alters mandibular intramatrix rotation. Eleven Macaca mulatta monkeys wore 15 mm vertical bite-opening appliances for 24 or 48 weeks. Nine untreated animals were used as controls. All animals received tantalum bone implants to facilitate cephalometric analysis. Serial lateral radiographs of the mandible were traced and superimposed on bone implants for each animal to determine overall changes in mandibular shape (gonial angle) and the location of bone remodeling. During normal growth, the gonial angle closed an average of 0.1 degrees over a 48-week period. In the experimental animals, the gonial angle opened 6.4 degrees (p less than 0.005) as a result of remodeling during the period that mandibular posture was altered. Once normal mandibular posture was restored, this process was reversed; the gonial angle once again became more acute over time, and remodeling along the body and ramus of the mandible was similar to that observed in control animals. These results suggest that mandibular growth and remodeling can be influenced by altered mandibular vertical posture.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

An American Board of Orthodontics case report: the orthodontic-surgical correction of a Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite.

This is the case report of a 39-year-old woman who presented with a skeletal Class II malocclusion, anterior open bite, and chronic temporomandibular disorder. Small maxillary lateral incisors and moderate mandibular anterior crowding led to the treatment plan, which involved extraction of a mandibular incisor. A combined orthodontic-surgical treatment plan resulted in greatly improved occlusal function and in a reduction of the patient's temporomandibular disorder symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Correction of open bite by maxillary osteotomy. A comparison between bone plate and wire fixation.

A clinical and cephalometric standardized study of surgical correction of open bite deformity was performed on 19 individuals. The mode of fixation of the maxilla after surgical correction was by direct wires in 9 of the patients combined with suspension wires to the infraorbital rim and in 10 patients plate fixation. The follow-up time was 18 months and the results in both groups were clinically and cephalometrically stable in the short (2 and 6 months) and medium terms (18 months). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding tendency to relapse. It was, however, concluded that the advantages of plate fixation both on clinical grounds and for patient comfort are factors in favour of using miniplates for maxillary surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Orthognathic surgical approach and partial glossectomy to a skeletal 3 adult open bite.

Combined orthodontic treatment with orthognathic surgery and partial glossectomy were simultaneously performed in an adult male patient with mandibular prognathism and open bite from the lower right to the left first molars. Total active treatment period was 15 months. During the retention period, a tooth positioner was given to obtain proper interdigitation from set-up models. The post-surgical occlusion has been stable without any complication of the mandible and the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Treating orofacial dyskinesia with functional physiotherapy in the case of frontal open bite.

Oral myofunctional therapy was found to be successful, in a group of 75 patients, ages six to 22 all with anterior open bites. Seventeen of 19 who lisped before therapy eliminated the lisp. Upper respiratory system allergies were eliminated in nine of 11 patients. A combination of myofunctional therapy and orthodontic treatment was more successful in correcting lip resting posture than was therapy alone. Lip and tongue resting postures, along with swallowing patterns, were corrected to a highly significant degree.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Nonsurgical and nonextraction treatment of skeletal Class III open bite: its long-term stability.

Two female patients, aged 14 years 5 months and 17 years 3 months with skeletal Class III open bite and temporomandibular dysfunction are presented. They had previously been classified as orthognathic surgical cases, involving first premolar removal. The primary treatment objective was to eliminate those skeletal and neuromuscular factors that were dominant in establishing their malocclusions. These included abnormal behavior of the tongue with short labial and lingual frenula, bilateral imbalance of chewing muscles, a partially blocked nasopharyngeal airway causing extrusion of the molars, with rotation of the mandible and narrowing of the maxillary arch. Resultant occlusal interference caused the mandible to shift to one side, which in turn produced the abnormal occlusal plane and curve of Spee. As a result, the form and function of the joints were adversely affected by the structural and functional asymmetry. These cases were treated by expanding the maxillary arch, which brought the maxilla downward and forward. The mandible moved downward and backward, with a slight increase in anterior facial height. Intruding and uprighting the posterior teeth, combined with a maxillary protraction, reconstructed the occlusal plane. A favorable perioral environment was created with widened tongue space in order to produce an adequate airway. Myofunctional therapy after lingual and labial frenectomy was assisted by vigorous gum chewing during and after treatment, together with a tooth positioner. Normal nasal breathing was achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Role of the tongue in the development of open bites].

Forces of the tongue become pathologically effective when they are out of balance with the facial musculature. A rare case of lateral open bite (Figure A) that developed as a result of tongue pressure is described. Treatment with a double plate gave a satisfactory result (Figure D).

Child↗
PubMed1995

Use of a bite-opening appliance in the miniature pig: modification of craniofacial growth.

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth response of pigs to a bite block, preparatory to investigating the functional correlates of altered growth. Three miniature pigs (Sus scrofa) wore bite-opening appliances, creating an anterior opening of 18-20 mm, for 42-67 days. Three untreated pigs served as controls. All animals received tantalum implants and tetracycline injections to track growth of the facial bones and sutures. Treatment caused relative intrusion of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth, and supereruption and retroclination of anterior teeth. Vertical displacement of the premaxilla and maxilla of the experimental animals was altered significantly in the superior direction, as expected from previous studies on monkeys. Changes in condylar morphology were also found, and the jaw joint discs were remodeled. Contrary to primate findings, however, anterior growth of the premaxillary, maxillary and zygomatic bones was greatly reduced. This difference in response between monkeys and pigs may be due to the way the bite block altered the load on the zygomatico-maxillary suture.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Surgery in active acromegaly with prognathism and a lateral open bite.

The case of a 33-year-old Caucasian with acromegaly is presented. The maxillo-facial deformity with the rare combination of unilateral open bite is demonstrated. The patient underwent surgical treatment of the pituitary gland three times. In the last operative procedure the sella was found to be empty, but despite this the growth hormone level appeared to be too high. Nevertheless, it was decided to correct the mandibular deformity. Risks during and after mandibular osteotomy are discussed, and the results are shown.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1996

Orthodontic treatment of an open bite patient with oral-facial-digital syndrome.

A case of oral-facial-digital syndrome was treated orthodontically. Characteristics of this case were mandibular protrusion with open bite. Occlusal stability after correction of this malocclusion was achieved with the uprighting of the posterior teeth, surgical reduction of the enlarged tonsils and highly attached tongue frenum, and oral functional training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Treatment of a Class II deformity with skeletal open bite and lateroocclusion.

A fundamentally important treatment outcome in orthognathic surgery is improved dentofacial esthetics in both the sagittal and vertical dimensions. In patients with a skeletal open bite, increased lower face height and a strained lip closure, the vertical dimension relationships can be improved by surgical impaction of the maxilla. The consequence of maxillary impaction is an autorotation of the mandible and the elevation of the tip of the nose as the anterior nasal spine is repositioned. Naturally, the skeletal and soft tissue responses are dependent on the extent of surgical repositioning. We present here a clinical case that demonstrates these changes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of an open-bite malocclusion complicated by clefts of the maxilla and mandible.

This is a case presentation of a young girl with a severe Class II, Division I open-bite malocclusion. Her orthodontic problems were further complicated by clefts in both her maxilla and mandible. A cleft palate team evaluation brought several systemic and local problems to light which necessitated their correction prior to the commencement of any orthodontic therapy. Her diagnosis and treatment have been discussed here with special emphasis on the problems peculiar to children with oral clefts.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1996

The physical properties and behavior of magnets used in the treatment of anterior open bite.

This investigation examined the magnetic flux and repulsive force of neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets used in repulsion in the treatment of anterior open bite. Three different grades of magnets each of five different dimensions were used. Magnetic flux was measured by a Hall probe and the repulsive force by an Instron mechanical testing machine. Results showed that the different grades of magnet displayed similar magnetic flux with a relationship between thickness and flux. There was a significant difference between the flux measured at the end as opposed to the center of the magnet. The force between two magnets and the flux above each magnet was directly related. Using magnets in groups did not produce higher forces than using single magnets of an equivalent size. It was concluded that Nd-Fe-B magnets can be used to give predictable repulsive forces in the mouth.

Boron↗
PubMed1997

Nonsurgical treatment of a skeletal vertical discrepancy with a significant open bite.

A case report of a patient who exhibited with a skeletal Class II, dental Class I malocclusion with maxillary right first molar to maxillary left first molar open bite. A hyperdivergent cranial base/mandibular plane angle is presented. Maxillary-mandibular arch form and arch width discrepancies, a low labial frenum, multiple diastemas, and mandibular dental protrusion were present. A history of thumb sucking was evident. Active tongue thrusting and inadequate tongue posture at the time of treatment were documented. The patient was treated without extraction with an 0.022-inch edgewise appliance. A modified tongue crib with a palatal button was used until stable bite closure was achieved. Ideal overbite and overjet relationships were established. A Class 1 molar and canine occlusion was obtained. The transverse discrepancy was solved, and excellent dentofacial esthetics were achieved. Posttreatment records for 38 months document the stability of the treatment result. [This case report was presented to the American Board of Orthodontics in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the certification process conducted by the Board.

Cephalometry↗