Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Multiple Marriages”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in an urban area in Turkey: a population-based case-control study.

The aim of this study was to determine the degree to which socioeconomic status is a risk factor for first birth at age 19 or younger in married women in an urban area of Turkey. The research was a population-based case-control study. The study group comprised all married and pregnant women aged 15-19 (adolescent pregnancies) attending primary care centres (144 subjects). Married women between 20 and 29 years of age, experiencing their first pregnancy (adult pregnancies), were determined as the control group (144 subjects). A questionnaire was completed for each subject during face-to-face interviews. Adolescent pregnancy was more frequent in women from families with a low socioeconomic status, as determined by occupation (class) and income; both were associated with adolescent pregnancy. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified seven factors associated with adolescent pregnancy: exposure to violence within the family prior to marriage; families partially opposed or unopposed to adolescent marriage; secondary school or lower education level; lack of social security; living in houses in which the number of persons per room was over 1; unemployed women; and having sisters with a history of adolescent pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Severe granular dystrophy: a pedigree with presumed homozygotes.

Three siblings with severe granular corneal dystrophy are described. They are most likely to be homozygous for the dominantly inherited gene. They are offspring of a consanguineous marriage, with both parents affected with corneal dystrophies. The case reports describe the severe course of this condition, requiring multiple grafting procedures. Clinical pictures of the family are shown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Type I pseudohypoaldosteronism includes two clinically and genetically distinct entities with either renal or multiple target organ defects.

Type I pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a hereditary disease characterized by salt wasting resulting from target organ unresponsiveness to mineralocorticoids. We have studied two kindreds including a total of nine patients with PHA. In kindred I, the propositus presented with renal salt wasting in infancy (vomiting, failure to thrive, short stature, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia) and responded dramatically to a high salt diet (2.5 g/day). Sodium supplementation was discontinued at the age of two. In seven additional family members from three generations, clinical expression of PHA varied from asymptomatic to moderate. In affected members (propositus, mother, and two brothers), hyperaldosteronism persisted over 13 yr; however, the PRA decreased gradually to near normal values. Persistent hyperaldosteronism in the face of a decrease in PRA indicated the development of tertiary hyperaldosteronism due to autonomously functioning zona glomerulosa. The pedigree was consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of transmission with variable expression. In kindred II, the propositus, who was the product of a consanguineous marriage, developed severe renal salt losing at age 9 days. She had also increased salivary and sweat electrolytes consistent with PHA resulting from multiple organ unresponsiveness to mineralocorticoids. Life threatening episodes of salt wasting recurred beyond the age of 2 yr. At 5 yr of age she still requires high amounts of salt supplements (14 g/day). A sister died at 9 days of age with PHA symptoms. Six close relatives (parents, three siblings, maternal uncle) showed no biochemical abnormalities. This pedigree was consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. In view of the findings on these two kindreds and the analysis of those in the literature, we conclude that type I PHA includes two clinically and genetically distinct entities with either renal or multiple target organ defects.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Early marriage and HIV risks in sub-Saharan Africa.

This article examines the effects of girls' early marriage on their risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS. By comparing several underlying HIV risk factors, it explores the counterintuitive finding that married adolescent girls in urban centers in Kenya and Zambia have higher rates of HIV infection than do sexually active unmarried girls. In both countries, we find that early marriage increases coital frequency, decreases condom use, and virtually eliminates girls' ability to abstain from sex. Moreover, husbands of married girls are about three times more likely to be HIV-positive than are boyfriends of single girls. Although married girls are less likely than single girls to have multiple partners, this protective behavior may be outweighed by their greater exposure via unprotected sex with partners who have higher rates of infection. These results challenge commonly held assumptions about sex within marriage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Multiple sclerosis in ethnic groups of Bashkortostan Republic].

Clinical presentations and course of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been studied in ethnic groups of Bashkortostan Republic. An analysis of 4 groups of patients, 234 Tartars, 80 Bashkirs, 22 Chuvashes and 237 Russians, revealed that the prevalence of MS was the least in the Bashkirs--3 times less than in Tartars (chi2 = 7.84; p < 0.05) and 2 times less than in Russians (chi2 = 2.95; p < 0.05). In all the groups, the disease more often developed in women. Mean age at disease onset in women was less in Tartars and Chuvashes and by 1 year more in Bashkirs. In debut, polysymptomatic beginning and movement disorders prevailed in patients with different ethnic origin. The higher prevalence of MS in Tartars, Russians and Chuvashes as compared to Bashkirs is probably caused by historically developed isolation of populations in the territory of the republic and by the features of marriage traditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Genomic analysis of a heterogeneous Mendelian phenotype: multiple novel alleles for inherited hearing loss in the Palestinian population.

Recessively inherited phenotypes are frequent in the Palestinian population, as the result of a historical tradition of marriages within extended kindreds, particularly in isolated villages. In order to characterise the genetics of inherited hearing loss in this population, we worked with West Bank schools for the deaf to identify children with prelingual, bilateral, severe to profound hearing loss not attributable to infection, trauma or other known environmental exposure. Of 156 families enrolled, hearing loss in 17 families (11 per cent) was due to mutations in GJB2 (connexin 26), a smaller fraction of GJB2-associated deafness than in other populations. In order to estimate how many different genes might be responsible for hearing loss in this population, we evaluated ten families for linkage to all 36 known human autosomal deafness-related genes, fully sequencing hearing-related genes at any linked sites in informative relatives. Four families harboured four novel alleles of TMPRSS3 (988DeltaA = 352stop), otoancorin (1067A > T = D356V) and pendrin (716T > A = V239D and 1001G > T = 346stop). In each family, all affected individuals were homozygous for the critical mutation. Each allele was specific to one or a few families in the cohort; none were widespread. Since epidemiological tests of association of mutations with deafness were not feasible for such rare alleles, we used functional and bioinformatics approaches to evaluate their consequences. In six other families, hearing loss was not linked to any known gene, suggesting that these families harbour novel genes responsible for this phenotype. We conclude that inherited hearing loss is highly heterogeneous in this population, with most extended families acting as genetic isolates in this context. We also conclude that the same genes are responsible for hearing loss in this population as elsewhere, so that gene discovery in these families informs the genetics of hearing loss worldwide.

Arabs↗
PubMed1999

Racial differences in the multiple social roles of older women: implications for depressive symptoms.

The relationship between multiple role participation and depressive symptoms experienced by African American (n = 547) and White (n = 2,152) women aged 55-61 was explored. Data were obtained from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Racial differences in the social roles of marriage, employment, grandmother, care provider, and volunteer and their influence on level of depressive symptoms were examined. African Americans reported higher levels of depressive symptoms than Whites. Additionally, marriage, employment, and total number of social roles were the most powerful predictors of depressive symptoms for both African American and White women. However, employment was more important in diminishing depressive symptoms among African American than White women occupying multiple social roles.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1994

Hereditary multiple intestinal atresia--ultrasound findings and outcome of pregnancy in an affected case.

A case of multiple intestinal atresia is described. Dilatation of the bowel was observed at 17 weeks' gestation during routine ultrasound scan of a healthy Caucasian primigravida from a non-consanguineous marriage. Amniocentesis was performed. The karyotype was normal male and cystic fibrosis screening was negative. Regular scans were performed throughout the pregnancy and a simple bowel obstruction was suspected. The baby was delivered at 37 weeks' gestation in good condition. Initial clinical examination was normal but abdominal distension developed during the first day. At laparotomy, prepyloric septal atresia, a distal duodenal membrane, and multiple intestinal atresia were found. The baby died aged 4 days. Post-mortem examination of the abdomen confirmed the absence of lumen from long segments of the small intestine together with areas of colonic atresia. Histology and distribution were consistent with those reported in familial multiple intestinal atresia. The pitfalls in the interpretation of prenatal ultrasound scans and the possibility of prenatal diagnosis in future pregnancies are discussed.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed2000

The evaluation of determinants of early postpartum low mood: the importance of parity and inter-pregnancy interval.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the extent of early postpartum low mood and possible relevant variables in our population. STUDY DESIGN: Depressive symptoms were examined in a sample of 85 women in the first week of postpartum period using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The relevant sociodemographic variables were tested by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The rate of postpartum low mood (BDI score >10) was found 35.2%. High parity, long marriage period and low education level were all significantly associated with low mood in the postpartum first week. When logistic regression analysis was used to eliminate confounding effect of the parameters; grandmultiparity, short inter-pregnancy interval and low educational level were found to have important effect on postpartum low mood. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women with risk factors for postpartum low mood such as grandmultiparity, short inter-pregnancy interval and low educational level should be identified early during antenatal period. Educational and social support should be given to those in such a risk. We believe that effective family planning programs and improvement of women's educational level are important preventive factors for postpartum low mood and subsequently developing depression.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis: 14 members of a pedigree with an intriguing squamous cell carcinoma transformation.

A 38-year-old farmer was apparently well until 5 years of age. At this age, the patient's mother found mildly itchy, raised eruptions over the scalp during combing of the scalp hair. Since then, the eruptions have progressed insidiously to involve the face and other parts of the body, with a preponderance over the face, upper back, and chest, including the palms. The soles, oral cavity, and genital tract were unaffected. The lesions were persistent in nature and showed no remission or exacerbation. Mild to moderate pruritus/discomfort was experienced following sunlight exposure. A prominent, raised eruption appeared on the right side of the forehead 9 years ago, 25 years after the initial eruptions, which in due course ulcerated. It was progressive in nature and acquired a large size. Two years later, it was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma, for which liquid nitrogen cryosurgery was performed. There was a recurrence of the lesion at the site of surgery, which was excised 4 months later. Subsequently, there was a sudden flare up at the same site. It was badly infected with maggot infestation. The relentless course of the disease was evident by the appearance of two similar lesions, one on the right half of the nose and the other on the left preauricular region. A short while ago, fatigue and loss of weight were also recorded. Bladder and bowel functions were normal and there was no loss of appetite, hoarseness of voice, or breathlessness. Four of the patient's six children (three sons and one daughter) were reported to have similar lesions all over the body. In addition, nine other relatives were also affected. Accordingly, a total of 14 (12 males and two females) family members were found to be affected from amongst 41 individuals (26 males and 15 females) spread across several generations (Fig. 1). There was a second-degree consanguinity of marriage, with the patient's grandmother and wife's father being brother and sister. Skin surface examination was marked by multiple, discrete, flat-topped, scaly, brownish-black papules of diverse morphology, from hypopigmented macules to verrucous lesions, with a few coalescing to form plaques. The scales were brown, dry, and adherent (Fig. 2a). The lesions were conspicuous by their presence over the face, neck, and front and back of the chest. The extremities were also affected. Nevertheless, the soles and genitalia were spared. The oral mucosae, hair, and nails were normal. Koebner's phenomenon was explicit, whereas Auspitz's sign was not demonstrable. In addition, a perceptible nodulo-ulcerative lesion (size, 3 in x 2 in) with indurated, raised, averted margins was encountered on the right side of the forehead. The ulcer was tender and had a fetid discharge. Necrotic slough was prominent over its base. Similar lesions were located on the left preauricular region and right half of the nose. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections prepared from biopsies taken from representative lesions of epidermodysplasia verruciformis and squamous cell carcinoma revealed their diagnostic features. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis showed features of hyperkeratosis and acanthosis with hardly any papillomatosis. Marginal elongation of the rete ridges was present. Extensive vacuolization was a remarkable feature, and was largely confined to the upper stratum Malpighian and the granular cell layer. Some of the vacuolated cells were fairly large; their nuclei were located in the center and had variable pyknosis. The granular cell layer was uniformly thickened, whereas the stratum corneum had a loosely felted (basket-weave) appearance. The dermis was apparently normal (Fig. 2b,c). The other microsection(s) from squamous cell carcinoma were conspicuous by the presence of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and irregular masses of epidermal cells, proliferating downwards and invading the dermis. Varying proportions of differentiated squamous cells formed their bulk. These cells were atypical, characterized by variations in size and shape, hyperplasia and hyperchromasia of the nuclei, absence of prickles, chas, characterization of individual cells, and the presence of both mitotic and atypical mitotic figures (Fig. 3b).

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Marital therapy from a psychiatric perspective: an overview.

The authors describe various methods of marital therapy in use today. Although absence of a unifying conceptual scheme in the past has hampered developments in this field, the increasing acknowledgment by psychiatrists of the important effect of the environmental system on thoughts, feelings, and behavior has facilitated a therapeutic approach stressing not only a person's intrapsychic conflicts but current environmental, family, and spouse-related phenomena. The authors discuss three dimensions of marital psychodynamics--power, intimacy, and marital boundary setting--and relate them to the marital life cycle and to four classifications of the marital relationship: 1) rules for defining power, 2) parental stage, 3) level of intimacy, and 4) personality style and psychiatric terminology. The paper includes a brief discussion of therapy techniques, sex counseling, the use of cotherapists, the future of marriage, and alternative lifestyles.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

Polygyny and reproductive behavior in sub-Saharan Africa: a contextual analysis.

In this paper I examine the effect of polygyny on aggregate reproductive behavior. I argue that within countries there exist different polygyny regimes, each exhibiting a unique reproductive pattern. Using the 1988/1989 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS1) data, I identify three distinct regimes: low-polygyny, mid-polygyny, and high-polygyny regimes. The results of the bivariate and multivariate analyses reveal strong differences in reproductive preferences and behaviors across polygyny regimes. High-polygyny regimes, for instance, maintain a value orientation that favors and encourages high reproductive performance. The force of this pronatalism operates equally for men and women; but whereas men in this regime attain their reproductive goals by marrying multiple wives, women attain theirs by maximizing their reproductive capabilities. This maximization occurs through early initiation of sexual/reproductive activity, universal marriage and minimal interruption of marriage, nonuse of contraception within a union, and a positive attitude toward high fertility.

Adolescent↗