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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Inhibition of the mixed leukocyte reaction by alloantisera in man. II. Incidence and characteristics of MLC-inhibiting antisera from multiparous women.

The incidence of MLC-inhibiting antibodies was determined in 42 pregnancy sera. MLC's were carried out between the cells from the serum donor and her husband in the presence of nonimmune AB serum and the test serum. Fifty per cent of the sera reduced the MLC response to less than 40% of the control values. Only four sera had lymphocytotoxic activity. The inhibition was strong against the specific immunizor, less strong against random unrelated cells and weak against cells which were SD-identical with the serum donor. Absorptions with lymphocytes and platelets were carried out. Lymphocytes removed activity in three of the four sera tested. Platelets removed activity from one serum. It was concluded that both anti-LD and anti-SD antibodies were able to inhibit the MLR at the stimulator cell level.

Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Production of an HLA-DRw13 antibody in a DRw14 positive multiparous woman.

A lymphocytotoxic HLA-DR alloantiserum (Ma159) which reacts with DR7, DR5 and DRw13 positive lymphocytes is described. It was non-cytotoxic against 27 DRw14 positive subjects and was not absorbed by DRw14 positive cells. The antiserum was produced by pregnancy alone in a DR4, DRw14 positive woman whose husband possesses DR7 and DRw13. Absorption and titration studies suggested that the antiserum contains separate antibodies directed towards DR7, DRw13 and a determinant shared by DR5 and DRw13. The implications of finding a specific anti-DRw13 antiserum and its production in a donor positive for the alternative subdivision of DRw6 are discussed.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1979

Maternal behavior in the primiparous and multiparous golden hamster.

Changes in the normal behavior patterns seen during lactation in the female golden hamster have received relatively little attention in the past (Rowell 1961; Daly 1972). The purpose of this experiment was to characterize and compare maternal behavior in female hamsters during gestation and 24 days of lactation, with their first and second litters. Each was observed for 1/2 h daily, and her behavior recorded every 10 s. Maternal behavior decreased over time in the mothers during both first and second lactations, while "non-maternal" behavior increased. No differences were observed in these measures between the first and second lactation.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The effect of intravaginal applied GnRH-agonist on the time of ovulation and subsequent reproductive performance of weaned multiparous sows.

In order to prove the effect of 'fixed time insemination' and insemination at standing oestrus after post-weaning application of GnRH, in a Croatian large breeding unit, 502 sows were assigned to three groups and were artificially inseminated (AI) at their first post-weaning oestrus as many times as they stand, in 24-h intervals. The groups were treated as follows: group 1 (control, n = 160) were AI during their standing reflex; group 2 ['GnRH-fixed time insemination' (GnRH-FT-AI), n = 175] were AI, independent of detection of oestrus and following administration of GnRH-agonist at 96 h post-weaning; group 3 [GnRH insemination at standing oestrus (GnRH-OE-AI), n = 167] the animals were GnRH-agonist treated as group 2 and were AI at their standing reflex. Pre-trial daily average lactational feed intake, average daily feed intake from weaning to oestrus, oestrus within 6 days post-weaning (%), ovulation within 6 days post-weaning (%), weaning-to-oestrus interval (h), duration of oestrus (h), follicle size (mm), interval from oestrus to ovulation (h), subsequent day 24 pregnancy rate (%), farrowing rate (%) and total pigs born were evaluated. Pre-trial average daily lactational voluntary feed intake was 7.1 +/- 0.08 kg in group 1, 7.0 +/- 0.07 kg in group 2 and 7.1 +/- 0.17 kg in group 3 (p > 0.05). Average voluntary daily feed intake from weaning to oestrus was 5.1 +/- 0.3 kg in group 1, 5.2 +/- 0.5 kg in group 2 and 5.2 +/- 0.19 kg in group 3 (p > 0.05). Oestrus was detected within 6 days post-weaning in 134 (83.8%) in control, 164 (93.7%) in GnRH-FT-AI and 155 (92.8%) animals in GnRH-OE-AI groups (p = 0.05). Follicle size did not differ (p > 0.05) among the groups. In control 82.8%, in GnRH-FT-AI 91.5% and in GnRH-OE-AI 91.0% of the sows ovulated within 6 days post-weaning (p = 0.04), and had 80.6, 90.9 and 89.7% 24-day pregnancy rates (p = 0.16), respectively. In GnRH-FT-AI group 90.2%, in GnRH-OE-AI sows 89.7%, in control animals 79.9% farrowing rates were recorded (p = 0.17). Weaning to oestrus interval was 113.1 h in control, 114.1 h in GnRH-FT-AI and 112.6 h GnRH-OE-AI (p > 0.05). Duration of oestrus was significantly shorter in GnRH-FT-AI (44.9 h) and GnRH-OE-AI (48.1 h) animals, compared with the control (62.9 h) sows (p = 0.001). Similarly, the interval from oestrus to ovulation revealed significant (p = 0.004) differences between the groups (control 44.1 h, GnRH-OE-AI 34.1 h and GnRH-FT-AI 32.9 h). GnRH-FT-AI (12.5) and GnRH-OE-AI (12.6) sows had significantly higher (p = 0.01) number of total pigs born (n = 10.4) compared with control sows. GnRH-agonist-gel treatment to the sow shortens duration of oestrus, the interval from oestrus to ovulation, and may eliminate the need for oestrus detection in the hands of skilled personnel.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1977

Correlations of sialomucins and IgA in the maternal serum of primiparous and multiparous subjects at delivery.

Attention is drawn to correlations between placental coefficients and maternal serum levels of IgA at delivery in primiparae and multiparae. These correlations associate maternal serum IgA with gestational performance and appear to discriminate between groups which differ in that respect. Similar correlations exist between the placental coefficient and maternal serum seromucoid, with group discrimination preserved in primiparae, but not multiparae. Direct correlations between serum seromucoid and IgA in maternal serum can be attributed to their mutual dependence on the size and state of the feto-maternal interface, and may provide a means of detecting placental insufficiency in multigravidae.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Fractured clavicle of the newborn in a population with a high prevalence of grand-multiparity: analysis of 78 consecutive cases.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a clinical analysis of newborn babies with a fractured clavicle and investigate the possible role of relative calcium deficiency in the aetiology. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study (clinical aspects); case controlled study (calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase). SETTING: The Nazareth Hospital, Israel. SUBJECTS: All babies with a fractured clavicle detected in the newborn period and their mothers delivered between 23 August 1987 and 22 June 1989. The majority of the population were Arab. INTERVENTIONS: Serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase were measured on the third postpartum day in 42 affected babies (with uncomplicated deliveries), their mothers, and a matched group of babies and mothers as controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical associations of fractured clavicle of the newborn; statistical comparison of affected group with controls (calcium study). RESULTS: The incidence of fractured clavicle was 18.7 per 1000 singleton vaginal births; 38 in the posterior clavicle at delivery, 27 in the anterior, position unascertained in nine. Four (5.2%) occurred in instrumental deliveries, three (3.9%) in assisted breech delivery; shoulder dystocia was noted in 13. The male to female ratio of 51:26 was significantly different but not due to birth weight. Affected babies were significantly heavier than the unaffected population. The incidence was higher in parous mothers older than 25 years of age but there was no evidence of increased incidence with increasing parity. No significant results were obtained in the calcium study between affected babies and their mothers, when compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: Fractured clavicle of the newborn is a benign form of birth trauma from which heavier babies are at greater risk. It occurs in 1 to 2% of deliveries, most of these being uncomplicated vaginal births, and is often undetected. There is no evidence for relative calcium deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Severe pre-eclampsia in multiparous women: indication of an environmental triggering agent?

Two case histories are described with conflicting implications for the etiopathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. In both, typical proteinuric pre-eclampsia developed despite a history of previous normotensive pregnancy. In the first case, the disease was associated with a change of husband, consistent with the view that pre-eclampsia arises from an inadequate maternal immune response to paternal antigens inherited by the fetus. The second case, however, concerned a woman who developed pre-eclampsia for the first time in her third pregnancy by the same reproductive partner. We conclude that either more than one underlying cause can result in the clinical syndrome of pre-eclampsia, or that pre-eclampsia is caused by an environmental factor. The possibility that pre-eclampsia may be initiated by an infectious agent is briefly explored in the light of the clinical histories described and well-established epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Duration of breastfeeding in Swedish primiparous and multiparous women.

The aim of this study was to describe the effects of sociodemographic factors and maternity ward practices on the duration of breastfeeding in Swedish primiparas (n = 194) and multiparas (n = 294), consecutively selected from hospital birth files for 3 months, who responded to a questionnaire 9 to 12 months after childbirth. The impact of sociodemographic data and maternity ward practices on exclusive and any breastfeeding were examined. Smoking and supplementation without medical reasons influenced the duration of both exclusive and any breastfeeding negatively, whereas early first breastfeeding influenced the duration of both exclusive and any breastfeeding positively, and parity had no significant influence. Late hospital discharge influenced the duration of exclusive breastfeeding positively, and higher maternal age influenced the duration of any breastfeeding positively. These variables altogether explained 11.4% (P < .001) of the variance in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and 8.2% (P < .001) of the duration of any breastfeeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Maternal immunization to paternal antigens in multiparous mice.

Mice of the CBA strain which had given birth to five litters sired by males of a different H-2 type (C57BL/10) showed evidence of immunization to paternal antigens, in that the numbers of lymphocytes forming alloclusters with paternal erythrocytes were significantly elevated. On the other hand, the graft-versus-host responsiveness of maternal splenic lymphocytes to paternal antigens remained virtually unchanged, showing only a slight increase at Day 8 of the assay.

Animals↗