Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Microstomia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Distraction osteogenesis of the ascending ramus for mandibular hypoplasia using extraoral or intraoral devices: a report of 8 cases.

PURPOSE: This report presents the results of distraction osteogenesis using unidirectional extraoral and intraoral devices in 8 patients with different grades of vertical mandibular ramus hypoplasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight patients with hypoplastic mandibles underwent unilateral lengthening of the ascending ramus using unidirectional extraoral or intraoral devices. Intraoral mandibular distraction was performed on 5 patients with deficiencies of the vertical ramus up to 24 mm. External devices were used in 3 patients with more severe hypoplasias. An intraoral osteotomy was performed, and progressive distraction at rates of 0.5 mm/12 hours was initiated after 5 days. Once the desired length was reached, the device was maintained in place for 8 to 12 weeks. Three-dimensional computed tomography scans were taken in all the patients to plan the procedure and to compare the changes postoperatively. RESULTS: Successful distraction osteogenesis was achieved in all patients. The amount of mandibular lengthening ranged from 17 to 32 mm. Complications with the external devices such as rotation of the proximal bony fragment (2 cases) and loosening of the external screws at the end of the consolidation period (1 case) were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the intraoral device can be used as the method of choice for distraction osteogenesis of the ascending ramus of the mandible in patients with large deficiencies. Preoperative and postoperative 3-dimensional computed tomographic scans are essential in treatment planning.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1996

Distraction osteogenesis in maxillofacial surgery using internal devices: review of five cases.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to show the feasibility and potential advantages of using internal devices for distraction osteogenesis in the management of maxillofacial skeletal deficiencies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Distraction osteogenesis was used to correct a variety of maxillofacial skeletal deformities in five patients. One patient underwent bilateral Le Fort III advancement aided by distraction, three patients underwent mandibular ramus lengthening, and one patient underwent segmental alveolar reconstruction by distraction. The devices were activated by either a transcutaneous or transmucosal pin. After achievement of the desired skeletal transport, the activating pins were disengaged and removed from the distraction device. This allowed the distraction device to remain submerged and to stabilize the site of the consolidating bone. RESULTS: All patients achieved lengthening of their jaws. However, premature consolidation was noted in two patients, and one patient had significant relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Development of internal distraction devices is important to address the limitations of currently available biphasic systems. Potential benefits of internal devices include 1) elimination of skin scarring caused by translation of transcutaneous fixation pins, 2) improved patient compliance during the fixation or consolidation phase because there is no external component, and 3) improved stability of the attachment of the device to the bone.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗
PubMed1978

A de-epithelialized free groin flap for facial contour restoration.

The transfer of de-epithelialized free groin flaps to restore facial contour after tumour resection and in hemifacial microsomia is described. The flap can be transferred in one stage and remodelled at a later minor operation. This provides an acceptable alternative to the other more difficult and often less successful methods of restoring soft tissue deficiencies of the face.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Syndromology's message for craniofacial biology.

Syndromology is a misunderstood specialty that has much to contribute to the understanding of cranio-facial biology in general and the study of craniofacial anomalies in particular. An introduction to the practice of syndromology and the rudiments of syndrome delineation is presented. The aetiology and pathogenesis of selected craniofacial anomalies (Robin complex, hemifacial microsomia, and craniosynostosis) are considered from the perspective of syndromology.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed1998

Soft and hard tissue correction of facial deformity associated with bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

Bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis in childhood can result in severe facial deformity characterized by both hard and soft tissue changes. The soft tissue deformity manifests as a submental hump of redundant soft tissue which has been displaced inferiorly due to deficiency of skeletal attachments. Improved results can be produced in these cases if the orthognathic correction is complemented by correction of the soft tissues. The presence of microgenia makes it possible to reach the subplatysmal plane through an intraoral incision allowing for the plication of platysma and relocation of the displaced soft tissues from the cervical to the mental region.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Effective use of the esophageal tracheal Combitube following severe burn injury.

We present the case of a patient status post previous burn injury, undergoing elective surgery in which the Combitube was used because contractural formation of the mouth and tracheal stenosis precluded tracheal intubation. The Combitube proved to be highly successful in this patient who had a very limited mouth opening.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1975

Aplasia of the first and second branchial arches.

This case report of an otocephalic monster gave the opportunity to study severe orofacial anomalies with a view to clarifying the present position in regard to the so-called first and second arch syndrome. Finding the causal mechanism of this syndrome will eventually lead to prevention and, it is hoped, eradication of this syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

Oral problems associated with CREST syndrome: a case report.

A patient with CREST syndrome is described, with such severe limitation of mouth opening that extractions were required before upper gastrointestinal endoscopy could be performed. Features of CREST syndrome of importance to the dental and oral surgeon are described.

CREST Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Distraction osteogenesis--a review.

This review describes the technique of distraction osteogenesis, outlining its application and current developments for the correction of craniofacial anomalies. Also described are some of the difficulties and complications which can arise with speculation on how this may be overcome. Finally, there is an exploration of how this technique might be routinely used to deal with orthognathic, orthodontic and alveolar problems.

Craniosynostoses↗
PubMed2003

Anaesthetic and airway management in a child with Hanhart's syndrome.

Hanhart's syndrome (oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndrome) is a rare disease characterized by hypoglossia/aglossia, various distal limb defects and micrognathia. Difficult airway due to micrognathia may complicate anaesthetic management in this syndrome. We describe the anaesthetic management of a child with Hanhart's syndrome undergoing plastic reconstructive surgery.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2002

Is hemifacial microsomia linked to multiple maternities?

Hemifacial microsomia describes a congenital orofacial malformation in which there is insufficient or disrupted development of the mandible affecting one side of the face. The aetiology of this condition remains unclear, but it has been postulated that twins (predominantly monozygotic) are more liable to be affected than singletons. This study investigates the incidence of multiple births amongst a large number of affected individuals and their families. Data were collected on 145 individuals with hemifacial microsomia and microtia, using postal questionnaires and interviews in a hospital setting. These data were compared with the mean age-standardised twin maternity prevalence for England and Wales between 1975 and 1995 of 1.06% and the triplet maternity prevalence for England and Wales for 1995 of 0.034% (a multiple maternity being where more than one baby is born, either alive or stillborn). The prevalence of twin maternities amongst the affected individuals was 3.96% (P>0.05) and amongst their siblings it was 4.02% (P<0.02). There was also an excess of twins in the rest of the family groups, predominantly due to a stronger history of twinning on the maternal side. As there were more twins amongst the affected individuals than in the general population, it seems likely that whatever the aetiology of hemifacial microsomia and microtia, the presence of a co-twin (or co-triplets) may make the causal event, or series of causal events, more likely to occur. This study supports the hypothesis that hemifacial microsomia and microtia are in some way linked to multiple births. Analysis of this link may provide new directions for research into the aetiology of a variety of congenital defects.

Diseases in Twins↗
PubMed2001

Original sagittal split osteotomy revisited for mandibular distraction.

Introduction: A malformed mandible and an abnormally positioned mandibular foramen make it difficult to plan an ideal osteotomy line for mandibular distraction. In addition, there have been reports of such complications as nonunion, damage and stretch injury of the inferior alveolar nerve and tooth germ damage when conventional osteotomy or corticotomy are used for mandibular distraction. The authors utilized the original sagittal split ramus osteotomy for mandibular distraction. Patients and Methods: Five patients (three unilateral hemifacial microsomia, one bilateral hemifacial microsomia, and one mandibular retrusion) were included in this study of distraction osteogenesis using the sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Extraoral distraction devices were applied to the first four patients. An intraoral device with mono-cortical screw fixation was used for the fifth patient. Result: In all five cases, the results of the distraction were satisfactory. Complications (as listed) of conventional osteotomy when used for distraction were avoided. Satisfactory results were achieved and these were also well maintained postoperatively (mean follow up: 36 months). Conclusion: The authors believe that sagittal osteotomy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis makes it possible, to avoid injury to the inferior alveolar nerve during operation and stretching injury during distraction and to prevent tooth germ injury. It is also possible to diversify the osteotomy line for various force vectors to enlarge the bony contact surface area. Therefore, we suggest that sagittal split ramus osteotomy should be used as a preferred modification of osteotomy for mandibular distraction. Copyright 2001 European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Is early osteodistraction a solution for the ascending ramus compartment in hemifacial microsomia? A literature study.

AIM: In hemifacial microsomia, osteodistraction before skeletal maturation claims to induce both bone- and soft-tissue generation in such a way that conventional bone grafting and soft-tissue grafts are not necessary. Early osteodistraction in facial microsomia would have a positive effect on the 'functional matrix', and allow symmetrical vertical and sagittal expansion of the midface and mandible. The aim of this literature survey was to find evidence for this hypothesis by analysing long-term follow-up reports on distraction histiogenesis in the ascending ramus. MATERIAL: Only eight published studies were found, of which only two had more than ten patients, two were case reports, and three were from the same institution. RESULT: Invariably, the results pointed towards over-correction, repeated osteodistraction procedures, soft-tissue stretching (but no lateral augmentation), and to soft-tissue complications. The studies did not allow a conclusion to be made as whether increased vertical gain in the ascending ramus was unstable because of decreased growth on the affected side, inborn or iatrogenic, or due to resorption of the bone generated by distraction. To date, there is no evidence that osteodistraction produces better results and has lower morbidity than conventional growth centre transplantation and separate soft-tissue augmentation. CONCLUSION: Recommendations for prospective studies are: sharp differentiation between the four Pruzansky-Kaban mandibular types, multi-centre study of a surgical protocol to increase the sample number using a standard three-dimensional evaluation protocol, and differentiation between decreased growth and collapse of the newly generated bone.

Age Factors↗