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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Endometrial carcinoma in young women].

Two hundred and fifty-four patients with endometrial carcinoma were diagnosed and treated from Feb. 1956 to Apr. 1987. Of these, 35 patients were below the age of 40 years at the time of diagnosis. These patients were analyzed and compared with those aged above 40. The main clinical manifestations were primary sterility and irregular menstruation. An endometrial carcinoma should be suspected in young women with menstruation disorder, sterility and follicular cyst of ovary refractory to treatment. The highly differentiated endometrial carcinoma in young women was easily confused with adenomatous hyperplasia and should be diagnosed with caution. In young patients with stage I well-differentiated disease desirous of childbirth, treatment by large dose of progestogens without hysterectomy may be the method of choice. Estimation of estrogen and progesterone receptors was very helpful in selecting therapeutic modalities and predicting prognosis. The difference of 5-year survival rates between these two groups of patients were not statistically significant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Menstrual patterns after female sterilization: variables predicting change.

Previous studies of the changes in menstrual pattern characteristics following sterilization have been flawed by methodologic errors. As a result, contradictory findings have been reported. Appropriate methodologic approaches to the study of poststerilization menstrual patterns are presented, and a new methodologic approach-an index of menstrual pattern change-is offered, which evaluates four menstrual parameters simultaneously. A carefully controlled study using this index indicates that most women report no change in menstrual pattern at 12 months poststerilization, and among those who do experience change, changes in one direction are balanced by changes in the other direction. The changes reported include improvements as well as changes for the worse. The best predictor of whether a woman would experience menstrual pattern change after sterilization is whether her pattern had any abnormal characteristics during the three months prior to the procedure. Surgical variables and special subgroups of women are also evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Late diagnoses of 21-hydroxylase deficiencies in children (after the age of 3 years].

To evaluate the heterogeneity of 21-hydroxylase deficiency with delayed symptoms, clinical and laboratory findings at presentation in 29 patients whose first symptoms occurred after three years of age were analyzed retrospectively. In 12 patients, these data were confronted with the results of molecular CYP21B gene analysis. Age at onset was 7 years on average and was comparable in boys and girls. Premature puberty was the most common presenting symptom [n = 24], whereas hirsutism, clitoral enlargement, and menstruation disorders were less frequent. Six cases were diagnosed as the result of routine studies of family members of index patients. The bone age over statural age ratio was greater than 1 in 19 of the 27 patients. Baseline 17-OH-progesterone levels were elevated in 22 of the 27 patients; magnitude of the elevation varied widely. Levels of 17-OH-progesterone after stimulation with immediate-action tetracosactide were closely correlated with baseline values and established the diagnosis in doubtful cases. Four patients had post-stimulation 17-OH-progesterone levels under 10 ng/ml, suggesting that were heterozygous for the disease. An important finding was that the magnitude of the devation in 17-OH-progesterone was not clearly correlated with clinical findings at presentation (age at onset, growth rate, advance in bone age). Molecular CYP21B gene analysis performed in 12 patients disclosed a homozygous 281 Val Leu mutation in 6 cases. This is the most commonly reported mutation in delayed onset forms. Two patients were heterozygous for the 281 Val Leu mutation and had an allele associated with severe disease, suggesting that the least severely affected chromosome governed clinical presentation of the disease. One boy had an allele associated with neonatal onset on both chromosomes; molecular analysis indicated a risk of antenatal masculinization of female fetuses in this family. This study showed that delayed onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a heterogeneous entity and that molecular analysis is essential to genetic counseling.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1982

Menstruation and its disorders in adolescence.

This monograph has presented a review of menstrual disorders in adolescents. It has been emphasized that health care professionals who deal with youths should consider a comprehensive approach that places the youth with a menstrual problem within the framework of her adolescent and pubertal development. Thus, a discussion of psychologic growth as well as important aspects of puberty were presented. A thorough medical history and carefully done pelvic examination remain the basis for any evaluation of these young women even in this age of rapidly-advancing medical technology. Many of the menstrual dysfunction problems are related to the sequential, physiologic events of puberty and can be effectively handled by the well-trained general clinician. Specific, complex situations should be referred to the appropriate specialist, preferably someone with an understanding of adolescence. Three basic types of menstrual disorders have been considered: dysmenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and amenorrhea. Our conclusion is that there is much the general clinician can do for the adolescent who presents with menstrual dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The experience of menstruation and its disorders in 603 women using contraception in 1999].

AIM: An epidemiological survey completed during the first quarter of 1999 assesses the frequency of menstrual disorders as well as their effects on the lives of women using contraception. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results presented involve a sample of 603 women, with 405 using the pill and 198 fitted with an IUD. The average age of onset of menstruation in the sampled population was 12.8 years. Although most women declared that they felt no anxiety at the time, over one-third of the women surveyed explained that they felt a certain hesitancy in discussing the topic. Even today, certain feelings, such as shame or pride, are still evoked in the interviews. Although over half believe that it is normal to menstruate, the process is nevertheless considered "somewhat bothersome" by certain women who also refer to "purification." Traditional cultural perspectives remain a strong influence. Menstrual disorders predating the initial use of contraception were reported in 150 women (occasional intermenstrual bleeding, 130 cases; other anomalies excluding metrorrhagia, 27 cases). Even if most of the women believe these problems to be inevitable, they also claim to be relatively troubled by these disorders, which often involve a considerable degree of discomfort. Such disorders are significantly more frequent in the "IUD" group, as well as in women who claim a very early onset of menstruation and those who consider explanations provided by the physician as "insufficient." CONCLUSION: The difference creates a certain fear with respect to any social or individual norm that may have been internalized. Thus the information presented in this study may provide ways and means to better understand women in general and our women patients in particular.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Suppression of prolactin secretion by lisuride throughout the menstrual cycle and in hyperprolactinaemic menstrual disorders.

Normally menstruating volunteers as well as patients with hyperprolactinaemic menstrual disorders were treated with lisuride hydrogen maleate (200 micrograms b.i.d.), an ergoline derivative with dopaminergic properties. Within 3 h after an oral dose of 200 micrograms lisuride, PRL levels decreased significantly in all subjects to a plateau which lasted up to 3 h. Thereafter a gradual increase of serum PRL was noted. In the normally menstruating volunteers lisuride treatment did not result in any significant change of gonadotrophin or of sex steroid secretion, while both, basal as well as metoclopramide (MTCL) stimulated PRL release were significantly diminished. The inhibition of PRL secretion in patients with short luteal phases resulted in an increase of luteal progesterone output. In both treated groups ovulation occurred 1 to 5 days earlier in cycles on lisuride than in control cycles. LF-RH/MTCL tests performed in the patient bearing a pituitary prolactinoma before and after lisuride treatment revealed a continuous increase of pituitary LH pools, while PRL secretion decreased under lisuride therapy. Subsequently ovulation and menstruation occurred. The data presented demonstrate that lisuride is a potent inhibitor of PRL secretion and has proven its clinical usefulness for treatment of hyperprolactinaemic menstrual disorders. Application of lisuride resulted in an increase of luteal progesterone secretion in previously demonstrated corpus luteum insufficiency as well as in restoration of normal cyclical feedback mechanisms in tumorous hyperprolactinaemic anovulation. The MTCL-PRL stimulation test is suitable to monitor PRL suppression during lisuride treatment, while LH-RH testing reveals the effectiveness of lisuride by demonstrating an increase of pituitary gonadotrophin pools.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2005

[Sarcoidosis localized in endocrine glands].

INTRODUCTION: There is a relationship between sarcoidosis and endocrine diseases: hypothalamus, hypophysis, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland and calcium metabolism disorder. DISCUSSION: Neurological disorders, obesity, secondary hypogonadism, and thirst as a result of diabetes insipidus, dominate the clinical picture of hypothalanmic sarcoidosis. Diseases of adenohypophysis present with gonadotropic insufficiency and prolactin increase. They may cause disorders in menstruation and ovulation. Disorders of neurohypophysis manifest with moderate polyuria and polydipsia. Disorders of thyroid gland function in systemic sarcoidosis present with hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism or thyroiditis. Sarcoidosis of the parathyroid gland is rare. Sarcoidosis of adrenal cortex may cause primary insufficiency of the suprarenal gland The secondary insufficiency of the suprarenal gland is caused by hypothalamic and pituitary sarcoidosis. In sarcoidosis, calcium metabolism disorder and hypercalcemia are frequent. Vitamin 1.25(OH)2D has an important role since it is increasingly produced in renal and extra renal regions. Hypercalcemia leads to hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis, while the level of parathyroid hormone usually decreases. Increased levels of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) are also important markers in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. CONCLUSION: Clinical manifestations of endocrine disorders depend on the localization of sarcoid lesions. The treatment of disorders is directed to the treatment of structure and functional disorders of glands involved, as well as to sarcoidosis. Successful treatment of sarcoidosis may cause regression of granulomatous lesions in the involved glands.

Endocrine System Diseases↗