Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MISSOURI”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Relationship between conditional early acceptance into medical school and medical school leadership and academic performance: the Conley Scholar experience at the University of Missouri-Columbia.

UNLABELLED: The Conley Scholars Program at the University of Missouri-Columbia was created in 1987 to guarantee top flight students entrance to medical school without the frantic competition well known in undergraduate pre-med programs. The program provides greater freedom as undergraduates than most combined baccalaureate-MD programs. It is not known how this freedom and avoidance of the "pre-med syndrome" affects medical school performance and relative leadership qualities compared to traditional medical students. The goals of this study are to: a) compare relative composition and performance of Conley medical students to traditional medical students; b) assess the role of Conleys in leadership positions within medical school organizations. METHODS: Using the medical school computer data files and AMCAS application files, composition, academic, and leadership data were collected regarding all medical school classes containing Conleys. Statistical analysis was performed on all data. RESULTS: The results suggest that: a) Conley Scholars averaged significantly higher undergraduate GPAs than other medical students; b) Conley Scholars averaged higher GPAs throughout medical school; c) Conley Scholars are more likely to hold medical school leadership roles than traditional medical students. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the value of the Conley Scholar Program. Benefits extend beyond academic achievement to encompass the development of leadership skills recognized by faculty and peers.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1999

Transfusion-transmitted malaria--Missouri and Pennsylvania, 1996-1998.

Malaria is a rare but potentially serious complication of blood transfusion. During 1958-1998, 103 cases of transfusion-transmitted malaria in the United States were reported to CDC. This report summarizes the investigation of three cases that occurred during 1996-1998 in Missouri and Pennsylvania and illustrates the key features of transfusion-transmitted malaria and the importance of donor screening.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

A career of disease prevention, detection and control: an interview with Dr. Denny Donnell, State Epidemiologist of Missouri. Interview by Thomas Eppright, Shane Bradley, Maureen A. Allwood, James R. Slaughter.

Denny Donnell began his tenure as Missouri State Epidemiologist in 1973. Since that time, he has been instrumental in the prevention, detection and control of disease across the state. In this interview he reflects on the path that led him to disease control and he emphasizes the need for further training opportunities for physicians who wish to battle disease beyond the realm of one person at a time.

Epidemiology↗
PubMed1999

Heat-related illnesses and deaths--Missouri, 1998, and United States, 1979-1996.

Although heat-related illness and death are readily preventable, exposure to extremely high temperatures caused an annual average of 381 deaths in the United States during 1979-1996. Basic behavioral and environmental precautions are essential to preventing adverse health outcomes associated with sustained periods of hot weather (daytime heat index of > or = 105 F [> or = 40.6 C] and a nighttime minimum temperature of 80 F [26.7 C] persisting for at least 48 hours). This report describes four heat-related deaths that occurred in Missouri during 1998, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1996, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, especially in susceptible populations (young and elderly, chronically ill, and disabled persons), and recommends preventive measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Estimating time of death of deer in Missouri; a comparison of three indicators.

Estimation of time of death (TOD) of white-tailed deer is important to wildlife law enforcement officers. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a model for estimating TOD of white-tailed deer in Missouri. We compare the utility of carcass temperature, pupil diameter, and rigor mortis as TOD indicators. The effects of body size, ambient temperature, and various carcass handling methods on the estimate were also examined. Data were collected from 1484 deer during the 1995-96 and 1996-97 hunting seasons. Stepwise regression indicated that all three indicators were significant and that body size and ambient temperature could influence the model. Predictive equations were developed for various combinations of the indicators based on practicality and statistical probabilities. TOD was estimated for 28 animals where the exact TOD was known. There was no significant difference between the estimated and known TOD (p = 0.759) and the average of the absolute differences in 1 h and 28 min.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Physician satisfaction with Medicaid managed care: the Missouri experience.

BACKGROUND: Medicaid managed care is important to health reform at the state level. However, little is known about physician satisfaction with these programs. We sought to measure this satisfaction in Missouri and determine its predictors. METHODS: We surveyed a random sample of primary care physicians participating in Medicaid managed care (n = 670) or traditional Medicaid (n = 670). Primary outcomes measured were physicians' satisfaction Medicaid managed care, traditional Medicaid and commercial managed care. Satisfaction was measured on a 5-point Likert-type scale. RESULTS: The response rate was 52%. Physicians participating in Medicaid managed care were less likely to be satisfied or very satisfied with Medicaid managed care (28.6%) than with commercial managed care (40%) or their previous experience with traditional Medicaid (39.7%). Among physicians participating in traditional Medicaid, 29.8% were satisfied or very satisfied with traditional Medicaid. Physicians participating in Medicaid managed care were less satisfied with clinical autonomy under that system in comparison with their previous experience with traditional Medicaid (relative difference = 10.8%, P =.001). In multiple linear regression analyses, clinical autonomy (R2 = 0.40) was a strong predictor of overall satisfaction with Medicaid managed care. CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing physicians' clinical autonomy may result in improved satisfaction with Medicaid managed care. State Medicaid agencies should include physician satisfaction as a measure of Medicaid managed care plans' quality.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

Salmonellosis associated with chicks and ducklings--Michigan and Missouri, Spring 1999.

During the spring of 1999, outbreaks of salmonellosis associated with handling chicks and ducklings occurred in Michigan and Missouri. This report summarizes the epidemiologic information for the outbreaks and provides an overview of legislative efforts to control the distribution of chicks and ducklings. These outbreaks demonstrate that handling chicks and ducklings is a health risk, especially for children, and highlight the need for thorough handwashing after contact with chicks, ducklings, and other young fowl.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Transitions in drinking in adolescent females: evidence from the Missouri adolescent female twin study.

BACKGROUND: Data from adult community samples indicate that alcohol dependence originates in late adolescence, thus marking that period as a fruitful one for the study of transitions in drinking. METHODS: Using retrospective data about the timing of alcohol symptom onset from 1799 female twins who participated in the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS), we integrated person-centered (PC) and variable-centered (VC) analyses to study 1-year transitions in alcohol symptomatology. A person-year data set reflecting the onset of 15 alcohol dependence symptoms was constructed, with each year in the young woman's life from the year of her first drink to her current age counting as one observation. Latent class analysis--a PC technique--identified classes of alcohol symptomatology for each person-year, and a lag function was used to identify class membership 1 year earlier. One-year transitions in drinking--a VC analysis--were then studied. RESULTS: Smoking, marijuana use, and conduct problems were consistent promoters of transitions to more severe drinking classes, but depressed affect was not a significant predictor. Parental history of alcohol problems or excessive drinking, particularly maternal history, was a significant predictor of more serious transitions to moderate and dependent problem drinking. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that even over a 1-year time frame there was considerable change in drinking patterns in this adolescent sample. Smoking was as potent a risk factor as conduct problems in promoting the progression of alcohol symptomatology, and the role of familial factors was found to be influential in transitions at the more severe end of the drinking spectrum.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting contraceptive use in women seeking pregnancy tests: Missouri, 1997.

CONTEXT: If the national health objective of reducing unintended pregnancy is to be met, a better understanding is needed of barriers to women's acquisition and use of contraceptives. METHODS: A sample of 311 Missouri women who were seeking pregnancy tests in public health department clinics in 1997 and who said their potential pregnancy was unintended were asked about potential barriers to family planning. Factors affecting contraceptive use among these women were examined by frequency of use, insurance status, education and race. RESULTS: In general, the women mostly disagreed that particular factors were potential barriers to contraceptive use. For only one item--worry over the potential side effects of the hormonal injectable contraceptive--did a majority agree or strongly agree that it was a barrier to method use in the previous six months. Women who used a contraceptive infrequently were more likely than frequent users to identify 33 factors in nine areas as being potential barriers to contraceptive use. These ranged from factors involving access to services and condom-specific issues to cost-related concerns, social norms, pregnancy denial, embarrassment over discussing or obtaining birth control, worry about side effects and experience with forced sex, among others. Perceived barriers differed somewhat by insurance status in the areas of access, embarrassment, side effects and forced sex. For example, women with no insurance coverage reported a higher level of agreement that transportation problems had hindered their access to a clinic than did women with private insurance. Level of education affected agreement only in the area of side effects, with more-educated women expressing greater concern about side effects than less-educated women. The respondent's race affected agreement in six areas: access, social norms, pregnancy denial, embarrassment, forced sex and other miscellaneous concerns, such as condom use and relationship issues. CONCLUSION: Better education and improved access to and delivery of services might address several factors affecting contraceptive use that are associated with unintended pregnancy. Some barriers, however, such as those related to self-efficacy, self-esteem and fatalistic attitudes about pregnancy, would be much harder for family planning providers to resolve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Dietary heterocyclic amines and the risk of lung cancer among Missouri women.

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) such as 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx,), and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) are found in meats cooked at high temperatures. In rodents, MeIQx induces lung tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate lung cancer risk posed by different HCAs in the diet. A population-based case-control study of 593 cases and 623 frequency-matched controls including both nonsmoking and smoking women was conducted in Missouri. An administered food frequency questionnaire with detailed questions on meat consumption, degrees of internal doneness, surface browning/charring, and cooking technique was linked to a database that provided exposure estimates of three HCAs. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression. When comparing the 90th and 10th percentiles, significant excess risks were observed for MeIQx (OR, 1.5; CI, 1.1-2.0), but not for DiMeIQx (OR, 1.2; CI, 0.9-1.6) or PhIP (OR, 0.9; CI, 0.8-1.1). MeIQx consumption was associated with increased risk of lung cancer for nonsmokers (OR, 3.6; CI, 1.3-10.3) and light/moderate smokers (OR, 2.1; CI, 1.3-3.3), but not for heavy smokers (OR, 1.0; CI, 0.7-1.5). There was elevated risk with MeIQx intake for subjects with squamous cell carcinomas (OR, 1.9; CI, 1.2-3.1) and "other histological cell types" (OR, 1.6; CI, 1.1-2.5), but not for subjects with small cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Neither DiMeIQx nor PhIP showed an association with smoking categories or lung cancer histology. In conclusion, MeIQx may be associated with lung cancer risk, but DiMeIQx and PhIP are probably not associated with lung cancer risk.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Fluoroquinolone-resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Hawaii, 1999, and decreased susceptibility to azithromycin in N. gonorrhoeae, Missouri, 1999.

In 1999, 360,076 cases of gonorrhea were reported in the United States (1). Gonorrhea is a major cause of pelvic inflammatory disease, often leading to ectopic pregnancy and infertility, and it can facilitate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission (2). During the 1980s, resistance to penicillin and tetracycline among gonococcal isolates became widespread; as a result, CDC recommended that other antimicrobial agents be used to treat gonorrhea. This report summarizes investigations of an increase in fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Hawaii and of a cluster of N. gonorrhoeae infections with decreased susceptibility to azithromycin in Missouri.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Missouri HMO decentralizes access to data in system overhaul.

At what point is it cheaper to invest in new technology than suffer along with an antique data system? Officials at RightChoice of Missouri discuss the market and internal pointers that helped them make the decision and share tips that made the transition bearable.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2001

Asthma in Missouri: recent trends and sociodemographic risk factors.

This study describes recent trends in asthma morbidity and mortality rates across Missouri, and identifies several population-based risk factors that account for the geographic variation in asthma hospitalizations and emergency room visits among counties. The percentage of African-American residents was the best predictor of high asthma treatment rates, explaining 77% of the variation in hospitalizations and 57% of the variation in ER visits. All other sociodemographic predictors combined explained less than 10% of the statewide variation in rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Allergy epidemiology in the St. Louis, Missouri, area. I. Fungi.

1728 patients prick skin tested for eight fungi in the St. Louis, Missouri metropolitan area exhibited overall a rather low level of allergenicity as well as a general lack of cross-reactivity. Alternaria, however, elicited a high allergic reaction in both reactivity level and reaction frequency in the population. Response of pediatric patients was higher than that of adults, and the extract concentration and source varied the allergenic response only slightly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Allergy epidemiology in the St. Louis, Missouri, area: II grasses.

3219 patients for seven species of grass pollen extracts and mixtures of these grasses in the St. Louis, Missouri, metropolitan area exhibited specific levels of allergenicity to different grasses, as well as a degree of cross-reactivity among all species tested. Adult patient reactions to these extracts generally were similar to those of the pediatric patients tested. Mixed grass pollen preparations proved to be inadequate as a gauge of patient allergenicity to individual species. Intersection of the prick skin testing method and the intracutaneous technique was found at specific concentrations. For the first time phylogenetic and taxonomic conclusions regarding the grass family are supported by immunological data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Allergy epidemiology in the St. Louis, Missouri, area. IV. weeds.

Weeds elicit two levels of allergenicity, a high level by the Ragweeds and other members of the Asteraceae, and a much lower level by members of the families Amaranthaceae (Pigweed, Western Water Hemp), Chenopodiaceae (Lamb's Quarters, Kochia, and Russian Thistle), and Plantaginaceae (Plantain) in the St. Louis, Missouri area. The frequency of reaction among both adults and children as well as the cross-reactivity values are similarly divided.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed2002

Substance abuse and dependence in physicians: the Missouri Physicians Health Program--an update (1995-2001).

Substance abuse and dependence (alcohol and drugs) are behavioral disorders and treatable medical diseases. There is growing concern in the medical community for physicians impaired by these diseases. The Missouri Physicians Health Program has been established to help impaired physicians return to healthy personal and professional lives. This confidential voluntary program of early referral, intervention, treatment, monitoring, and advocacy has been highly successful. The recovery rate in this study of 168 participants was 89%. New concepts of the "Behaviorally Disruptive Physician" and the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health Care Organization requirements regulating physician impairment are also discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2002

Fixed obstructive lung disease in workers at a microwave popcorn factory--Missouri, 2000-2002.

In May 2000, an occupational medicine physician contacted the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (MoDHSS) to report eight cases of fixed obstructive lung disease in former workers of a microwave popcorn factory. Four of the patients were on lung transplant lists. All eight had a respiratory illness resembling bronchiolitis obliterans with symptoms of cough and dyspnea on exertion, had worked at the same popcorn factory (factory A) at some time during 1992-2000, and had spirometric test results that were lower than normal for both FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio. Employment durations ranged from 8 months to 9 years. MoDHSS requested assistance from CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in evaluating factory A for respiratory hazards to workers. This report summarizes the epidemiologic findings motivating the technical assistance request and preliminary results. The findings of this investigation indicate that workers exposed to flavorings at microwave popcorn factories are at risk for developing fixed obstructive lung disease. Public health authorities, employers, and health-care providers are collaborating to prevent obstructive lung disease in popcorn factory workers.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans↗