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Results for “Lymphatic Abnormalities”

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Transient virus infection and pathogenesis of a new HIV type 2 isolate, UC12, in baboons.

We have previously shown that baboons (Papio cynocephalus) can be persistently infected with HIV-2 and some baboons progress to an AIDS-like disease with a CD4+ T cell decline, cachexia, alopecia, and Kaposi's sarcoma-like fibromatosis. In this study, we found that a new virus isolate, HIV-2UC12, replicated to high levels in baboon peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. Three baboons were subsequently inoculated and had plasma viral RNA loads that peaked between 15,000 and 7000 copies/ml at 2 weeks postinfection. Virus was isolated from the PBMCs for up to 6 months. Although PBMCs were subsequently virus culture negative, virus could be recovered from the spleen, lymph nodes, and tonsils, indicating that HIV-2 was sequestered within these lymphoid tissues. HIV-2-associated pathology included follicular lysis, vascular proliferation, and lymphoid depletion. This study indicated that HIV-2UC12 infection in baboons can cause HIV-associated pathological abnormalities within the lymphatic tissues and that the high level of HIV-2UC12 replication in vitro was not predictive of replication in vivo.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Abdominal lymphangioma masquerading as a pancreatic cystic neoplasm.

Lymphangiomas are congenital abnormalities of the lymphatics that occur predominantly in the head and neck, most often in children. We present an unusual case of a middle-aged man who had a large septated cystic lesion adherent to the pancreas that could not be differentiated from a pancreatic cystic neoplasm despite analysis by ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or percutaneous needle aspiration. The correct diagnosis was established only via laparotomy and subsequent pathologic interpretation. Although lymphangiomas are rare, they should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Congenital penoscrotal lymphedema complicated by sepsis associated with a streptococcal infection.

Congenital lymphedema is a relatively rare disease caused by congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system. Although bacterial infection frequently causes complications with lymphedema, severe sepsis in congenital lymphedema of the genitalia has not yet been reported. We describe a patient with congenital penoscrotal lymphedema complicated by cellulitis, lymphangitis, and severe sepsis associated with a streptococcal infection. This case represents the importance of obtaining a detailed clinical history and physical findings.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed2000

The post-thrombotic syndrome.

One of every three patients with deep-vein thrombosis of the lower extremities will develop, within 5 years, post-thrombotic sequelae that vary from minor signs to severe manifestations such as chronic pain, intractable edema, and leg ulceration. The post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) develops as a result of the combination of venous hypertension due to persistent outflow obstruction or valvular incompetence and abnormal microvasculature or lymphatic function. Among factors potentially related to the development of PTS, recurrent ipsilateral thrombosis plays a major role. Whether the extent and the location of the initial thrombosis are associated with the development of PTS is still controversial. The diagnosis of PTS can be accepted on clinical grounds for patients with a history of venous thrombosis. The combination of a standardized clinical evaluation with the results of compression ultrasonography and Doppler ultrasonography helps diagnose or exclude a previous proximal-vein thrombosis. Prevention of recurrent thrombosis and use of compression elastic stockings are the cornerstones of PTS prevention. The management of this condition is demanding and often frustrating. Although several surgical procedures have been tested, conservative treatment is largely preferable, as more than 50% of patients either remain stable or improve during long-term follow-up, if carefully supervised and instructed to wear proper elastic stockings. Clinical presentation helps predict the prognosis, being the outcome of patients who refer with initially severe manifestations more favorable than that of patients whose symptoms progressively deteriorate over time.

Bandages↗
PubMed2005

Axillary cavernous lymphangioma in pregnancy and puerperium.

BACKGROUND: Cavernous lymphangioma is a form of benign congenital abnormality grouped under lymphatic malformations, which can clinically manifest as a cystic tumor. Common areas are the neck and axillary region. Most cases are diagnosed in children under the age of 2, and occasionally the diagnosis is made in utero. CASE: We present the case of a 29-year-old primigravid woman with an axillary cavernous lymphangioma which rapidly increased in size during pregnancy, and describe the treatment plan in this unusual situation. CONCLUSION: The treatment of a large lymphangioma during pregnancy has to be well planned, considering the welfare of the mother and baby. Most of the current therapies have never been tested in pregnant or lactating women. We discuss the possible pathomechanisms for the growth of lymphangioma during pregnancy with the overproduction of cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lymphangiomyomatosis--newer concepts in pathogenesis and management--case reports.

Lymphangiomyomatosis was first reported more than forty years ago. Although its incidence is rare, its occurrence is being increasingly recognized and has been the subject of a growing number of cases reports in recent years. This study adds 2 more cases to the file. Both cases involved young women with the characteristic symptoms of dyspnea, cough, abdominal discomfort and swelling, chest pain, and hemoptysis, with abundant formation of refractory chylous, serous ascites. Although the progression of the disease differed in each case, pulmonary function was affected in a similar way by the presence of obstructive and restrictive defects and a decrease in diffusing capacity. Underlying abnormalities were dilated lymphatics, thickened lymphatic walls, and muscular proliferation of leiomyomatous origin, leading to bronchial restriction. The authors point to the subtlety required in arriving at a differentiated diagnosis of lymphangiomyomatosis lymphangioleiomyomatosis and the difference between the two conditions. They also make particular recommendations in respect to the importance of preliminary hormone receptor tests and to the wisdom to be exercised in ligating a main lymphatic duct in the chest to control the formation of ascites. Pneumothorax, a frequent manifestation of lymphangiomyomatosis, is found to be the result of chronic air trapping due to a combination of narrowing of conducting airways and disruption of normal lung parenchyma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Total parenteral nutrition in the management of traumatic chylous ascites in infancy.

Chylous ascites is rare in the pediatric age group and usually of unknown etiology or due to congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system. This report describes an infant with posttraumatic chylous ascites, unable to tolerate dietary therapy, in whom total parenteral nutrition allowed successful management. The experience gained in this case clarifies the management of chylous ascites from all causes. Specific recommendations for a treatment protocol are made.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

Asymptomatic solitary mediastinal cystic lymphangioma: a rare entity.

Solitary mediastinal cystic lymphangioma is an extremely rare tumor-like abnormality of the lymphatic system, of congenital origin. From 1996 to 2003, 4 cases of solitary mediastinal cystic lymphangioma were managed in our department. The clinicopathologic characteristics were recorded and analyzed. The incidence proved to be 1.2% among all cases of mediastinal masses admitted to our department. All patients were asymptomatic, they shared common radiologic features, and all were managed by radical surgical excision. No recurrence or mortality were noted during follow-up ranging from 2 to 7 years. Complete excision of this benign entity has an excellent prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Intrapulmonary cystic lymphangioma in a 2-month-old infant.

Lymphangioma is an abnormal collection of lymphatics that are developmentally isolated from the normal lymphatic system. Lymphangioma rarely presents as a solitary pulmonary lesion. We report a rare case of intrapulmonary cystic lymphangioma involving the upper lobe of the right lung, which presented with dyspnea in a 2-month-old infant. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest demonstrated a well-circumscribed, multiseptate, cystic lesion in the upper lobe of the right lung, mimicking the feature of type I congenital cystic adenomatoid mal-formation. The tumor was removed by bilobectomy of the upper and middle lobes of the right lung, and its pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of an intra-pulmonary cystic lymphangioma.

Female↗
PubMed2000

A case of Noonan syndrome with pulmonary and abdominal lymphangiectasia.

Noonan syndrome is characterised by a Turner-like phenotype and a normal karyotype. Although it is reported to be associated with abnormalities of the lymphatic system, involvement of the pulmonary lymphatics is rare. We present a case of Noonan syndrome where a whole body scintigraphy revealed lymphangiectasia of the lower extremities, abdomen and lungs.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1975

[Chylometrorrhea. Clinical manifestation of primary chyle reflux].

Chylometrorrhea may be a manifestation of chylous reflux of great importance when it is the first symptom. The lymphography allows to show the kind of abnormalities: megalymphatics and lymphatics aplasy or hypoplasy. Finally the chirurgical therapeutic of this affection is difficult and must be caution.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Classification of angiomas: hemangiomas and superficial vascular malformations].

The present classification of angiomas is not only of nosological interest. If it has effectively replaced the previous multiple classifications, it is because it provides a perfect correlation between the clinical features of each type and its angio-architectural and haemodynamic features. In practice, this results in a well-established attitude since determining the clinical type makes it possible to select first the additional examinations required, then the therapeutic indications particular to each type. Angiomas are divided into two main groups: haemangiomas or pseudo-vascular tumours which are specific to infants and spontaneously resolve after the first months of life; superficial vascular malformations proper, with their elementary types each of them developed on a sector of the vascular blood system: capillary, venous or capillaro-venous, and arteriovenous malformations. These three types may be diversely associated in any given patient; they may also be associated with abnormalities of the lymphatic system, producing systematized and/or disseminated complex angiodysplasias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Chylous ascites in three dogs.

Chylous ascites was diagnosed in 3 dogs. Mesenteric lymphangiography was performed in 2 dogs and helped delineate abnormalities of the lymphatic system. The cause of chylous ascites in each dog appeared to be different. In 1 dog, a ruptured mesenteric lymphatic was identified at surgery. Evidence of abdominal lymphatic obstruction was found in another dog. Chylous ascites in the third dog appeared to be a complication of mesenteric lymphangiography for chylothorax.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

OK432 (picibanil) efficacy in an adult with cystic cervical lymphangioma. A case report.

Cervical cystic lymphangioma (CCL) is a rare and benign tumour involving congenital and cystic abnormalities derived from lymphatic vessels. The most accepted treatment continues to be surgical excision. However, when this infiltrates vital neurovascular neck structures, complete excision is difficult and if only partial, the recurrence rate is very high. The most frequently used alternative treatment is to inject sclerosants into the lesion. The use of these techniques has reported good results in children; however, there are few references thereof with regard to adults. We are reporting on a cervical cystic lymphangioma in a male aged 22, treated with an intra-lesion injection of 20 cc with 0.01 mg/cc dilution of OK-432 (picibanil) in physiological serum. Sole complications were fever and local reaction where the solution was injected. One month after treatment the lymphangioma had totally remitted and sixteen months later continues in remittance.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems posed by 2 cases of exudative enteropathy].

The authors report two cases of exsudative enteropathy characterised by the existence of oedema of the lower limbs associated with hypoproteinemia and marked lymphopenia with disturbances of the P.V.P. test. In both cases lymphography demonstrated major abnormalities with obvious obstruction in one case, and signs of slowing of lymph flow with appearances of dysplasia in the other. Surgery permitted us in one case, to discover a calcified lymph node probably due to tuberculosis. The etiology of these cases is discussed and seems to be mainly related to abnormalities of the lymphatic system. A low fat diet and administration of medium-chain triglycerides, gave an undoubted improvement when the treatment was followed by the patient. These two cases illustrate well the difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problems sometimes raised by syndromes of exsudative enteropathy, in particular owing to the many possible causes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Generalized lymphangiectasis in a dog with subcutaneous chyle and lymphangioma.

A 2 1/2-year-old spayed Great Dane was evaluated for large, fluctuant, chyle-containing swellings on the ventral portion of the left side of the abdomen. Multiple abnormalities of the lymphatic system were diagnosed, including thoracic duct obstruction, lymphangioma, subcutaneous chyle reflux, intestinal lymphangiectasia, and dilatation of hepatic, mesenteric, and pleural lymphatic vessels. Mesenteric lymphangiography revealed leakage of contrast medium into the subcutaneous tissues adjacent and to the left of the second lumbar vertebral body. Dietary and surgical management to control the chylous reflux were unsuccessful, and the dog died approximately one year after the skin lesions were first observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[From lymphangioma to lymphangiomatosis. Apropos of 10 cases].

Seven cases of lymphangioma and 3 cases of diffuse lymphangiomatosis have been studied with computed tomography (CT). In the 7 cases of local involvement, the tumor was located in the mediastinum (3 cases), the mesentery (2 cases), the spleen (1 case), and the pelvis (1 case). The disease was diffuse in 3 cases, involving the mesentery, the pelvis, the posterior mediastinum, the retroperitoneal space and the bones in the first case; in the second case, lymphangiomatosis was located in the posterior mediastinum, the spine (T12 and L3) and the right iliac wing; the third case showed diffuse involvement of the posterior mediastinum and of the spleen. The CT study allows suspecting the disease when it demonstrates an encapsulated tumor with liquid or fatty density and thin walls enhancing with contrast. Other, less typical appearances may be observed, which should not lead to challenging this diagnosis. The CT exploration provides a complete assessment of the lesions, including the detection of tumors not seen on plain radiographs. In addition, CT is useful for the prognosis since it identifies the diffuse forms, which are naturally prone to aggravation, or recurrence when surgery has been indicated. Lymphangioma and lymphangiomatosis seem to be different forms of the same abnormality of the lymphatic system, either local or scattered.

Adolescent↗