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Results for “Legislation as Topic”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of China's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) law with the European Union (EU) EIA Directive.

In this paper, we first review the development of China's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system in the past 30 years. Then we compare the framework and operational procedures of China's new EIA law with those of the EU EIA Directive. We also compare public participation, as well as sanctions and control in the two EIA systems. In addition, we identify where the processes in both EIA systems are similar or different from one another. By comparison, we noted that there are at least three obvious weaknesses in China's EIA system: (1) the application of new models for EIA legislation; (2) the improvement of EIA guidance and education; and (3) the enhancement of public participation in EIA process. Our study indicates that these three major shortcomings should be overcome and improved in China's EIA system, when compared with the EU EIA system.

China↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HIV serosurveillance of newborns. A clinician's perspective on legislative, political, and ethical issues.

This article reviews the complex issues surrounding the anonymous HIV testing of newborns to monitor the prevalence of HIV infection in women of childbearing age. This serosurveillance of newborns has become a topic of legislative debate focusing on disclosure of currently anonymous results of HIV antibody tests of newborns, thus revealing the serostatus of the mother. This, in effect, would mandatorily test women without their consent. The discussion includes the following topics: (a) the historical demographics of incidence rates of AIDS, (b) current political and legislative issues raised by serosurveillance, (c) professional and ethical issues confronting health care providers, and (d) why HIV testing of newborns is a mandatory testing of all women of childbearing age. It is recommended that principles of patients right of self-determination be respected, that mandatory testing would be counterproductive and would disproportionately impact on minorities. The integration of education, counseling, and voluntary testing will result in the most effective way to get both women and children into the health care system.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Any willing provider meets the formulary.

Like doctors who would legislate less restrictive provider panels at HMOs, some drug makers are trying to muscle their products onto managed care formularies.

Drug Industry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Legal status of persons with mental illness in Serbia].

In this study, legal status of the mentally ill has been discussed in the context of Serbian legislation. The topics covered are the following: 1) the admission of persons with mental illness to psychiatric institution, 2) general (legal) competence, 3) marital relations of persons with mental illness, 4) legal definitions of sanity and security measures of medical character. Serbia still has no general law on mental health which would be in accordance with European standards, and the existing legislation which deals with the rights of persons with mental illness is, to a large extent, incomplete and obsolete. The author appeals for passing the law on mental health which should: a) follow modern trends in psychiatry concerning the protection of human rights with the basic goal to protect society and mentally ill persons, b) to protect the professional and moral integrity of psychiatrists, c) to provide ethically and professionally acceptable authorization for the use of force, if necessary, in order to prevent criminal acts and/or self-injuries in patients suffering from severe psychical disorders, d) to conceptualize forensic psychiatric treatment (the security measures, corrective psychiatry) and the programs of rehabilitation as an integral part of the community mental health protection system.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗
PubMed1999

California law poses serious threat to DM programs.

California legislators have sent shock waves through the disease management community with laws that require physician authorization for DM enrollment. Find out what the new laws say and how federal regulations due soon may--or may not--counter this setback.

California↗
PubMed1996

Spain's competent authority initiatives.

In Spain, only the Active Implantable Medical Device Directive has been transposed into national legislation, with the Medical Device Directive relevant Decree still in a draft edition. However, the notification of serious adverse incidents is compulsory for manufacturers and users, both for CE-marked devices and non CE-marked devices. Manufacturers of all medical devices classes must be registered at the national competent authority, though the directives do not require it.

Equipment and Supplies↗
PubMed2005

Expected impacts of the Cannabis Infringement Notice scheme in Western Australia on regular users and their involvement in the cannabis market.

The effect on the cannabis market is one area of interest in the evaluation of the new 'prohibition with civil penalties' scheme for minor cannabis offences in WA. One goal of the scheme is to reduce the proportion of cannabis consumed that is supplied by large-scale suppliers that may also supply other drugs. As part of the pre-change phase of the evaluation, 100 regular (at least weekly) cannabis users were given a qualitative and quantitative interview covering knowledge and attitudes towards cannabis law, personal cannabis use, market factors, experience with the justice system and impact of legislative change. Some 85% of those who commented identified the changes as having little impact on their cannabis use. Some 89% of the 70 who intended to cultivate cannabis once the CIN scheme was introduced suggested they would grow cannabis within the two non-hydroponic plant-limit eligible for an infringement notice under the new law. Only 15% believed an increase in self-supply would undermine the large scale suppliers of cannabis in the market and allow some cannabis users to distance themselves from its unsavoury aspects. Only 11% said they would enter, or re-enter, the cannabis market as sellers as a result of the scheme introduction. Most respondents who commented believed that the impact of the legislative changes on the cannabis market would be negligible. The extent to which this happens will be addressed in the post-change phase of this research. Part of the challenge in assessing the impact of the CIN scheme on the cannabis market is that it is distinctly heterogeneous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1964

PHARMACY.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Pharmacy↗
PubMed1995

Germany at the crossroads: national identity and the challenges of immigration.

"In Germany the discussion [of immigration] is taking place between two extreme positions, one that denies Germany is de facto an immigration country...and one that compares Germany with traditional immigration societies like the United States, Canada, or Australia. As will be demonstrated, both arguments are too simplistic.... To illustrate the importance of migration movements for Germany's national fabric, first an overview of the history of pre- and postwar migrations and refugee movements as well as their effects on the domestic situation in Germany are presented. Next, the origins of the contradictory nature of the current asylum, citizenship and naturalization regulations and the need to redefine Germany's legal framework, immigration policy, and national identity after unification are discussed."

Demography↗