Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Language Arts”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Frequency and voice: perspectives in the time domain.

SUMMARY: Frequency variation is one of the most primitive features of voice production, endowing language and communication with richness and efficiency and enhancing enjoyment of the voice arts. In the first of two tutorial articles, the subject of frequency is examined formally, beginning in the time domain. A companion article explores the topic of frequency and voice from the frequency domain perspective. Frequency is a well-defined quantity of the sinusoidal function and of periodic functions of time. However, voice is inherently nonstationary, even over short time segments, to degrees that range from minor (stable vowels of a healthy voice) to major (singing voice and voiced consonants). For signals that are not periodic, the notion of frequency is ambiguous and often altogether unclear, which has led to a multitude of frequency-measurement techniques and discrepancy of measures. This article identifies the source of these discrepancies for a variety of time-domain techniques that are examined in the absence of noise. In the time domain, the subject of frequency is inherently coupled to the topic of signal modeling, which is explored in some detail. Sinusoidal models having time-varying phase are examined with the objective of achieving a frequency description of voice that is both continuous and instantaneous. The analytic signal method of mathematical physics is discussed and applied to the technology of empirical mode decomposition to demonstrate that the frequencies of voice may be comprehensively examined from the time domain point of view.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Symbolic participation. The role of projective drawings in a case of child abuse.

Projective drawings have long been an invaluable tool in understanding the nonverbal, preconscious world of the patient, and it is well established that the drawings of children who have suffered physical and sexual abuse display predictable variations in the representation of visual symbols. However, careful attention to the individual symbol system of young children can reveal the unexpected, particular ways that trauma may be recorded in nonverbal and kinesthetic dimensions, especially when the trauma occurs before the acquisition of language. This essay explores the history of the psychoanalytic approach to the visual arts and the central ideas about the process of image-making in response to loss. A case is then presented in which one child's idiosyncratic visual symbol became a powerful communication between patient and therapist, through its ability to evoke a mutual, nonverbal, kinesthetic experience. Through the mechanism of projection, visual symbols can serve as a meeting ground in which the therapist may be able to participate in some of the nonverbal aspects of the patient's experience. In this instance, the emergence of a stable visual symbol in the intersubjective field facilitated first an unconscious identification with the patient and then a conscious understanding that had a mutative impact on the child's ability to organize nonverbal affect states within the therapy. This chapter illustrates the utility of a psychoanalytic understanding and attention to symbolic communication in a child whose manifest anxiety was phenotypically indistinguishable from Attention Deficit Disorder.

Child Abuse↗
PubMed1977

Artistic production in dyslectic children.

In the study of children with language problems, particularly in reading and writing, it has been observed that some have an outstanding ability to produce artistic pictures and objects. These productions are perceptive, well organized and generally contain much action. Despite their pictorial skill these patients may have only a rudimentary use of coded symbolic graphic forms. Others display moderate ability in reading and writing. These patients frequently have the disorganized overacctive behavior and the motor clumsiness that is so common in the dyslectic child; some, however, are biologically effective. From this material we entertain the hypothesis that picture (artistic) productions are generated by the sub-dominant cerebral hemisphere, and that this function is quite distinct from the coded graphic operations resident in the dominant hemisphere. If this hypothesis is correct, it would seem socially benefical to allow these patients to develop their unique artistic ability to its full capacity, and not to overemphasize the correction of the disturbed coded symbol operations in remedial training.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Visual art, creativity and dementia].

BACKGROUND: Visual art is an expression of neurological function and how it organizes and interprets perception. The art is predominantly in the right hemisphere, in contrast, the left side, have inhibitory effects on artistic expression. In normal subjects, inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms could interact in a complex harmony, reflecting a paradoxical functional facilitation. Brain diseases such as dementia could change this harmony and then, alter the artistic abilities. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the art expression in the degenerative diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Artistic abilities of 3 painters with degenerative diseases were assessment. RESULTS: Patient 1: A 83 - year old right handed female, diagnosis: Alzheimer's disease. Artistic description: low productivity, simplified versions of earlier and alteration of the visuospatial organization. Patient 2: A 78-year-old right handed female, diagnosis: Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Artistic description: oversimplified drawings which maintaining overall spatial organization, without impair artistic skills. Patient 3: A 68 year-old right handed woman, diagnosis: Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD). Artistic description: Increased artistic activity, originality, freedom, utilization of intense colours with perseverative and repetitive copying of similar paintings of her own work. CONCLUSIONS: Visual art in Alzheimer's disease is a consequence of visuospatial and constructive disabilities. In contrast, the conservation of this cognitive functions and left asymmetrical involved, in FTD and PPA respectively, suggest artistic preservation, independently of the language injury. The disproportionate functional prevalence of the right over the left could lead to a release of novelty - seeking in art and can contribute to emergent creativity. These observations suggest an organization for art in the brain and proposed bases for further investigations in dementias.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Possible effects of drawing on the language and re-education of an aphasic patient (author's transl)].

Various studies have demonstrated that the ability to draw may be unaffected in motor aphasia, and even in some cases of sensory aphasia when there is no associated constructive apraxia. An artist, who was both a satirist and a caricaturist, was followed up for three years during re-educational therapy following the onset of an overall aphasia, and this raises the problem of the possible effects of drawing on recuperation of language, and the role of the right hemisphere in this recuperation. The question arises as to whether drawing should be restricted to certain particular cases during re-education or be employed in a more general manner?

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A construct validation study of the Human Figure Drawing Test.

To assess whether the Human Figure Drawing Test provides an assessment of nonverbal cognitive maturity, correlations for 31 youngsters who ranged in age from 6-0 to 10-10 on the Human Figure Drawing Test and the Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised (WISC--R) were examined. Significant correlations were observed for each of the scales, but the value of .69 for drawings and WISC--R Performance IQs was significant, suggesting the assessment that these tests are largely nonverbal. Implications for the role of language were posited.

Art↗
PubMed2005

A Conversational Model of art therapy.

This paper illustrates a 'Conversational Model' of art therapy. The Conversational Model was jointly created by Robert Hobson and Russell Meares. It is a developmental theory unique in its clinical application. The focus of the paper is two sessions that altered the course of therapy. In these sessions, variations on Donald Winnicott's "squiggle-game" and Hobson's "party game" were used to engage an isolative, reluctant incarcerated patient. The interventions illustrate the basic tenets of the Conversational Model. The theoretical process--from disruption to repair--is visually recorded in the artwork. The central argument of the paper is that interactive art therapy interventions can be effective, when used appropriately. By engaging the patient in a 'visual' conversation, he/she may develop an emotional vocabulary, a prerequisite for a psychotherapeutic conversation. The paper begins with a brief historical overview of the interface between art and psychoanalysis, the context out of which 'art therapy'--a distinct body of theory--evolved. Theory interweaves with clinical material in a narrative style. What I say and do in therapy is aimed at promoting understanding: a 'conversation', a meeting between two experiencing subjects (an I and a Thou), here and now, in such a way that learning can be effective in other relationships. If, as I believe, psychotherapy is a matter of promoting a personal dialogue, then we need to know how to receive, express, and share feeling: how to learn a language of the heart in its 'minute particulars'.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Challenges in the development and testing of a reference terminology model for nursing interventions.

The purpose of this paper is to report the work of the Interventions Group of the first Nursing Terminology Summit (1999) and to describe the challenges and insights of this group as they have evolved a reference terminology model for nursing interventions. When the group began its work as part of the first meeting of the Nursing Terminology Summit, it had the overall objective of proposing the intervention component of a reference terminology model for nursing. Although there is not a definitive proposal for this to date, the group's exploration and analysis has clarified and explicated both the types of models of clinical information and the current " state of the art" of formal representations of nursing interventions as well as the relationship of nursing languages to these formal representations. In addition, it is our perspective that the work of this group is representative of the process and challenges facing many similar groups currently engaged in modeling efforts. Consequently, critical success factors of such efforts are identified and discussed. This paper reports both the specific outputs of the group related to progress in defining a terminology model of nursing interventions and observations and lessons learned regarding consensus modeling work.

Models, Theoretical↗