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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Development of faculty consultants in a problem-based third year community medicine clerkship.

This paper describes the development of consultancy groups in behavioral science, epidemiology and biostatistics, and information science in a required community medicine rotation with a twenty year history. The addition of consultants to individual student tutors and field preceptors has led to a structure which promotes student-project flexibility, development of critical assessment skills and independent learning while maximizing faculty expertise and effectiveness.

Behavioral Sciences↗
PubMed2003

General health problems of inner-city sex workers: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: A pilot study was designed to determine the general health problems of inner city sex workers. SAMPLE: The researchers worked with an agency that provides outreach services to these sex workers. Through this agency, they had access to a purposive sample of sex workers in a large Midwest city. METHODS: Nonparticipant observation was used to gather information about their health problems, the nature of information they may need, and the barriers to obtaining health care and health information. RESULTS: Sex workers (N = 75) ranged in age from nineteen to sixty-one years old. They identified a number of physical or psychological problems, such as rape, depression, and tuberculosis. HIV/AIDS was never mentioned. A major barrier to health care is a lack of information about where to go for treatment or how to obtain health insurance. CONCLUSIONS: More research needs to be done by library and information science professionals to determine the information needs of sex workers and the agencies that provide them with health and social services.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Clinical research databases: getting from current state to best practice.

Clinical research databases reside at the foundation of health sciences, yet experts outside of information science often manage research data. Improper data management presents risks to the researcher, research community, research subjects, and other patients. Data management must aim to preserve or maximize the value of data. We created a checklist tool for researchers and/or data administrators to use when evaluating their database operations. The tool addresses both liabilities and the value of the data.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed2004

Information needs at the end of life: a content analysis of one person's story.

During the last phase of life, a person may need a variety of information to help her or him cope with dying and death. This article describes the nature of information needed during this stage. A content analysis was done of a book of conversations between a husband who was dying and his wife who is a grief counselor to determine his information needs. Four categories of needs were proposed, including physical, emotional, spiritual, and financial. Information needs germane to each category were identified. More research needs to be done by library and information science professionals to determine the information needs of people who are dying, as well as those of their families and the health professionals who care for them.

Aged↗
PubMed1972

Reference books and computerized information services: partners in librarianship.

As a basis for thoughts on the roles of reference books and computerized information services in general, a comparison is made of the value to medical libraries of a comprehensive reference tool (the new dual media publication Biomedical Research in Progress) and a comprehensive information center file (the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, the national resource for information on research in progress). It is concluded that a detailed reference tool which is physically present for library users has several advantages, in particular the provision of both detailed and comprehensive retrieval of all biomedical research information at substantially less annual cost and with faster access time than is possible with comparable questions put to an information center. On the other hand, the information center is able to provide more up-to-date material in more flexible combinations. The recommendation is made that medical libraries avoid treating the comprehensive reference tool and the computerized information file as alternatives and instead view both as necessary and complementary to each other.

Computers↗
PubMed2005

An innovative partnership to recruit and educate biomedical information professionals.

There is a growing need for biomedical sciences information professionals who have strong backgrounds in the biomedical sciences. This project pilots an innovative model for recruiting and educating students with these backgrounds. The project includes recruiting students from undergraduate biomedical programs, creating and teaching a basic course in biomedical information management, and awarding ten fellowships for advanced study. The University of North Texas (UNT) and Texas A&M University (TAMU) administer the project.

Education, Graduate↗
PubMed1990

Health sciences libraries and information services in Bangladesh.

Basic problems relating to the status of health sciences libraries and information centers in Bangladesh are highlighted and discussed; strategies for improving the country's health sciences information services are suggested. A survey of libraries is reported, the country's national science and technology information policy is defined, and recommendations for action are proposed.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed2003

Our "Collegium Antropologicum" officially the most improved social science journal in the world for mid-2002.

Thomson ISI's bimonthly web-product ISI Essential Science Indicators (ESI) is an in-depth analytical tool that regularly reports quantitative analyses of research performance and science trends, covering about 8,500 scientific journals from the entire world. In each issue ESI lists the scientists, institutions, countries and journals that are most improved from one update to the next, i.e. that show the largest percentage increase in total citations. In its edition of January 2003, it reported that our "Collegium Antropologicum" was the most improved journal in the field of Social Sciences during the period from July 2002 to September 2002. The field of Social Sciences is one of 22 categories of science regularly analyzed by ESI. It includes anthropology, public health, sociology, social work and policy, political science, law, education, communication, library and information sciences, environmental studies and rehabilitation. Due to journal's success, which is based on publications of predominantly Croatian scientists within the past seven post-war years, Croatia was also officially the most improved among more than 200 countries, and University of Zagreb was the most improved in the field of Social Science among thousands of other institutions. We hope that this is an early sign of revival of the scientific activity in our country after the War in Croatia (1991-1995).

Anthropology↗
PubMed2005

A current perspective on medical informatics and health sciences librarianship.

OBJECTIVE: The article offers a current perspective on medical informatics and health sciences librarianship. NARRATIVE: The authors: (1) discuss how definitions of medical informatics have changed in relation to health sciences librarianship and the broader domain of information science; (2) compare the missions of health sciences librarianship and health sciences informatics, reviewing the characteristics of both disciplines; (3) propose a new definition of health sciences informatics; (4) consider the research agendas of both disciplines and the possibility that they have merged; and (5) conclude with some comments about actions and roles for health sciences librarians to flourish in the biomedical information environment of today and tomorrow. SUMMARY: Boundaries are disappearing between the sources and types of and uses for health information managed by informaticians and librarians. Definitions of the professional domains of each have been impacted by these changes in information. Evolving definitions reflect the increasingly overlapping research agendas of both disciplines. Professionals in these disciplines are increasingly functioning collaboratively as "boundary spanners," incorporating human factors that unite technology with health care delivery.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

The informational perspective: an overview of the issue.

Papers arising out of the 1996 Conference on the Foundations of Information Science are introduced. A key motif is the continual violation and restoration of consistency, percolating and precipitating along vertical chains of informational objects.

Information Science↗
PubMed1986

The National Library of Medicine and the American medical information system: the physician's perspective.

During the past 150 years an excellent health sciences information system has been developed in the United States. Led by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the system grew along traditional lines until after World War II, when medical researchers, educators, and practitioners produced an enormous amount of new information. To cope with this growth, the power of computers joined traditional librarianship and MEDLARS was born. In 1965 Congress passed the Medical Library Assistance Act, which enabled NLM to lead the nation's and the world's health sciences professionals into the Information Age. Much as been accomplished by NLM, yet much remains to be done to make health information available cheaply, easily, and quickly to all who need it.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed2004

Training the next generation of informaticians: the impact of "BISTI" and bioinformatics--a report from the American College of Medical Informatics.

In 2002-2003, the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) undertook a study of the future of informatics training. This project capitalized on the rapidly expanding interest in the role of computation in basic biological research, well characterized in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Biomedical Information Science and Technology Initiative (BISTI) report. The defining activity of the project was the three-day 2002 Annual Symposium of the College. A committee, comprised of the authors of this report, subsequently carried out activities, including interviews with a broader informatics and biological sciences constituency, collation and categorization of observations, and generation of recommendations. The committee viewed biomedical informatics as an interdisciplinary field, combining basic informational and computational sciences with application domains, including health care, biological research, and education. Consequently, effective training in informatics, viewed from a national perspective, should encompass four key elements: (1). curricula that integrate experiences in the computational sciences and application domains rather than just concatenating them; (2). diversity among trainees, with individualized, interdisciplinary cross-training allowing each trainee to develop key competencies that he or she does not initially possess; (3). direct immersion in research and development activities; and (4). exposure across the wide range of basic informational and computational sciences. Informatics training programs that implement these features, irrespective of their funding sources, will meet and exceed the challenges raised by the BISTI report, and optimally prepare their trainees for careers in a field that continues to evolve.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed2006

The public health informatics infrastructure: anticipating its role in cancer.

Cancer information and surveillance, historically conducted with manual data collection and submission, are viewed increasingly as inherently dependent on the effective application of information science. One challenge is to use information technology (IT) in a manner that improves cancer-related decision-making and ultimately the quality of care that is offered to patients with cancer. In this article we begin by envisioning a future view of IT-supported surveillance and care that can be made available for application in cancer and its management. We then ask what barriers need to be overcome and what forces are at work that may help us in our efforts to effect the necessary changes. Our future vision for surveillance and information, although appealing and widely shared, requires major cultural change, financial investment, and logistical planning. Competition in the medical marketplace, coupled with fiscal pressures affecting providers and health systems, suggests that leadership for regional and national coordination will need to come from elsewhere-and likely from governments.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Medical informatics in population health: building Wisconsin's strategic framework for health information technology.

Medicine is increasingly practiced through the application of information sciences. Medical informatics deals with optimal information use within bioinformatics, imaging, clinical, and population health domains. Population health informatics plays an important role in that it critically informs practice in each of the other domains. Proper functioning of health care systems requires an advanced health information network that supports clinical care, personal health management, population health, and research. But this infrastructure does not yet exist in the United States. A number of federal initiatives are underway to address this problem, including the development of a framework for a national health information network and funding for implementation. This network will be facilitated by federal leadership, but public and private partnerships, and state, regional, and local implementation and policy development will play a critical role. In this article, we describe several Wisconsin initiatives that are keys to developing a strategic framework and building the state's electronic health information infrastructure.

Biomedical Technology↗
PubMed1995

On the foundation and structure of medical informatics.

The authors from China and the United States take medical informatics from theory to practice by improving its research, application, and dissemination and by expanding its educational potential. We built a theoretical model and discussed its definition, approach, foundation, principles, and structure. Medical informatics is the interdisciplinary study of information science applied to medicine and health care. Its developing approach is transplantation. The foundation of medical informatics has "building blocks" of knowledge. They are: information procedure models; information classification principles; information processing methodologies; and functional hierarchical principles of information systems. The structure of medical informatics includes the main knowledge branches and their logical relations. There are four big branches: computer tools and systems methods; engineering equipment and methods; medical fields information systems; and health care management systems. Based on the investigation of the professional status (its theory and application, and its forms and the contents) of medical informatics, it can be seen that this new discipline is becoming mature.

China↗
PubMed1996

Consciousness, privacy, and information.

The challenges for a scientific study of conscious experience are discussed, as well as the importance of such research for the foundations of information science. A three pronged approach to the investigation of consciousness and its functions is suggested.

Consciousness↗
PubMed1988

Biomedical knowledge in explanations of clinical problems by medical students.

This paper was motivated by a controversy concerning the role of basic sciences in medical education. A problem underlying this issue is that it is unknown how basic science is used in clinical reasoning. The experiment was designed to address this issue. Three texts were constructed dealing with basic science knowledge relevant to a clinical problem. Subjects were asked to read and recall the texts. Next, the subjects were required to read and recall the clinical text describing a patient problem. Finally, they were asked to provide a diagnosis and an explanation of the underlying pathophysiology. Subjects were first-, second- and fourth-year medical students. Detailed analysis of subjects' protocols are presented. In general, the results show that when basic science information is given before the clinical problem, the basic science knowledge is used either incorrectly or inconsistently in explaining the clinical problem by all subjects. The authors interpret these results to indicate that the basic sciences and the more practical clinical knowledge form two separate domains with their own individual structures and the clinical information cannot be embedded into the basic science knowledge structure.

Biology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Information management in quality assurance.

Because much current health science information is irrelevant to immediate decision needs of quality assurance and care, because much of what is relevant may be inaccessible, and because much of that which is relevant and accessible may be invalid or scientifically unsupportable, health care personnel should work toward resolution of this problem on a national level as well as on an individual level. This article presents evidence supporting the above premises together with data from illustrative publications and a suggested strategy to help cope with the general problem of information management in quality assurance.

Humans↗