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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Glyceride content of amniotic fluid cells as an index of fetal maturity.

A simple biochemical method has been used to determine the content of neutral lipid of washed cell pellets prepared from 114 samples of amniotic fluid. This was done to improve the large standard deviation of the conventional orange fat cell measurements. By relating the content of neutral lipids to the total protein content of the pellet, the error of cell counting is minimized. The resultant glyceride/protein ratio increases 20 times within the last 8 weeks of pregnancy. The results are not altered by associated diabetes, hydramnios or Rh isoimmunization.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2005

A kinetic study of the formation of beta-cyclodextrin complexes with monomolecular films of fatty acids and glycerides spread at the air/water interface.

The kinetics of formation of inclusion complexes between beta-cyclodextrin and monolayers of one-, two- and three-chained lipid molecules, namely, oleic acid (OA), monoolein (MO), diolein (DO) and triolein (TO), was investigated at various pH using three independent dynamic methods. The formation and solubilization of soluble inclusion beta-CD/OA and beta-CD/MO complexes was detected by measuring the decrease of the surface area and surface pressure of the OA and MO monolayers in the presence of beta-CD within a wide range of concentrations. A third approach, describing the dilatational properties of the monolayers, influenced by the formation and solubilization of the complexes, was developed. Using the three above-mentioned independent methods, the rate constants of formation (k1) and dissociation (k2) of beta-CD/OA and beta-CD/MO, were determined. We observed that solubilization flux i s for OA monolayer increases with pH and at pH 11 reached a value, which is closed to the diffusion flux iD and the process thus becomes diffusion controlled. For MO monolayer no significant effects of pH was observed above pH 6. The surface pressure (Deltapi)--area per molecule (A) and surface potential (DeltaV)--area per molecule (A) isotherms and rheological properties of DO and TO monolayers were measured in the presence or absence of beta-CD. DO and TO form water-insoluble complexes with beta-CD, as visualized by AFM images.

Air↗
PubMed2005

Synthesis, pharmacological activity and hydrolytic behavior of glyceride prodrugs of ibuprofen.

For reducing the gastrointestinal toxicity associated with ibuprofen its carboxylic group was condensed with the hydroxyl group of 1,2,3-trihydroxy propane 1,3-dipalmitate/stearate to give the ester prodrugs 3a and 3b. The release of ibuprofen from these prodrugs has been studied at pH 3, 4, 5 and 7.4 by HPLC using methanol and 0.05% phosphoric acid (80%) (70:30) as mobile phase. The prodrugs showed insignificant hydrolysis at pH 5 compared to pH 7.4 indicating that the prodrugs do not break in stomach but release ibuprofen at pH 7.4 in adequate amounts. In vivo hydrolysis studies in rats, the peak plasma concentration of ibuprofen was attained in 1.5 h in case of ibuprofen and in 2 h in prodrugs treated animals. The plasma concentration was found to be less at all times in animals treated with ibuprofen compared to the prodrugs treated animals. The maximum anti-inflammatory activity of ibuprofen was observed at 2 h whereas prodrugs showed maximum activity at 3 h and remained practically constant upto 8 h whereas a decrease in activity was observed with free ibuprofen. Further the prodrugs showed less gastric ulcers compared to ibuprofen. An average score of 0.16, 0.45, 0.97 and 0.20, 0.76, 1.02 of ulcers was observed with 3a and 3b compared to an average score of 0.75, 1.10, and 2.97 with ibuprofen. These prodrugs also showed significant protection against acetic acid induced writhings in rats. These finding suggested that both the prodrugs are better in action as compared to the parent drug and are advantageous in having less gastrointestinal side effects.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed2006

Development and evaluation of nitrendipine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: influence of wax and glyceride lipids on plasma pharmacokinetics.

Nitrendipine is an antihypertensive drug with poor oral bioavailability ranging from 10 to 20% due to the first pass metabolism. For improving the oral bioavailability of nitrendipine, nitrendipine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles have been developed using triglyceride (tripalmitin), monoglyceride (glyceryl monostearate) and wax (cetyl palmitate). Poloxamer 188 was used as surfactant. Hot homogenization of melted lipids and aqueous phase followed by ultrasonication at temperature above the melting point of lipid was used to prepare SLN dispersions. SLN were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and crystallinity of lipid and drug. In vitro release studies were performed in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 using Franz diffusion cell. Pharmacokinetics of nitrendipine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles after intraduodenal administration to conscious male Wistar rats was studied. Bioavailability of nitrendipine was increased three- to four-fold after intraduodenal administration compared to that of nitrendipine suspension. The obtained results are indicative of solid lipid nanoparticles as carriers for improving the bioavailability of lipophilic drugs such as nitrendipine by minimizing first pass metabolism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Synthesis of structured lipids and etherlipids with antioxidants: combination of a selena fatty acid and a selena fatty alcohol with a carotenoic acid in glyceride molecules.

Selenium and carotenoids show similar and complementary properties and protect against a variety of pathological processes. Mixtures of both compounds are found in nutritional supplements and are used to prevent several diseases. The synthetic connection of carotenoids with selenium in glycerols may increase the chemopreventive activity of the individual compounds. Beta-apo-8'-carotenoic acid and 7-selenacapryloic acid were esterified with glycerol to highly unsaturated stable di- and triglycerides. Intramolecular selenium:carotenoid ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 were obtained for 1-(7-selenaoctanoyl)-3-(3beta-apo-8 -carotenoyl)-glycerol, 1,3-di-(beta-apo-8'-carotenoyl)-2-(7-selenaoctanoyl)-glycero l and 1,2-di-(7-selenaoctanoyl)-3-(beta-apo-8'-carotenoyl)-glycero l, respectively. The carotenoic acid was likewise connected to the pharmacologically interesting 11-selenalaurylglycerolether forming an alkyl-acylglyceride: 1-(11-selenadodecyl)-3-(beta-apo-8'-carotenoyl)-glycerol.

Antioxidants↗