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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Empirical findings with arson offenders].

Forensic, psychological and psychopathological findings on 40 arsonists, who were investigated in our psychiatric department between 1980 and 1990, are presented. The findings indicate that arsonists represent a diagnostically heterogeneous group of offenders. On the other hand, some common psychodynamic patterns can be seen; in particular, a high degree of suicidal and autoaggressive behaviour. As reported by other authors, arsonists appear to suffer from a disorder of impulse control. A historical review illustrates that since the mid-19th century a purely psychopathological model of pyromania has been found unsatisfactory, and suggests that psychodynamic aspects should not be over-emphasized. Analysis of the different motivation and abnormalities of arsonists could render the term pyromania obsolete. This requires however a radical reappraisal of the significance of psychiatric diagnosis within an anthropological framework.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2004

["Operationalised psychodynamic diagnostics in childhood and adolescence" (OPD-CA) in practice].

"Operationalised psychodynamic diagnostics in childhood and adolescence" (OPD-CA) has been completed in its first version after years of development. In a first interview with a 13-year-old boy, the diagnostic instruments of OPD-CA are presented by means of examples. The text passages of the transcribed first interview are evaluated in four sections by representatives of the respective working groups regarding the axes--relationships, conflict, structure and preconditions for treatment--and the diagnostic conclusions resulting from this are presented, thus providing a direct insight into the specific psychodynamic diagnostics of OPD-CA.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disaster planning--lessons learned from the fire disaster in Gothenburg].

The tragic fire disaster in Sweden 1998, killing 63 and wounding 213 teenagers was the result of arson fire in the basement of an overcrowded discotheque. Since the disaster occurred in a major city with substantial resources, all the injured could be hospitalised within two hours. The load on four local hospitals was initially severe due to the large number of injured. The patients suffered from inhalation injuries of different severity, whereas 25 of them also had deep skin burn injuries. Thirteen of the most severe burn injuries were transported to burn units in other parts of Sweden and to Norway. The vast psychosocial rehabilitation program initiated by health care staff, religious communions, schools and the community, has continued over the past years. This fire disaster emphasises the need for extensive preparation not only in the rescue and medical services, but also in many other areas of society.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[White-collar criminals--a homogenous offender population? Reflections on typical and atypical "white-collar criminals"].

Little has been written in German scientific literature on the personality structure of white-collar criminals. Often, the relevance of this level of investigation has downright been denied. Conventional psychopathology does not seem to be an appropriate approach to these character problems since there are not only deficits but also competences to be found which are useful while making a professional career. The author points out the inhomogeneity of this offender population and presents a case report of an atypical white-collar criminal. Over and above that, he introduces two psychological concepts which are apt to better describe the peculiarities of these individuals: Machiavellian intelligence is often the core competence when it comes to rising in hierarchies, whereas the newly defined psychopathy concept according to R. D. Hare makes plausible the moral and ethical failure of these offenders in their professional settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The Tarasoff dilemma in criminal court.

The duty to protect, or Tarasoff duty, has been conceptualized as arising solely in the context of a clinical setting. A recent California Supreme Court ruling in People v. Clark adds legal, clinical, and ethical dilemmas to the oftentimes contentious Tarasoff issue. Though the Tarasoff issue is but a minor legal point in Clark, a possible consequence of Clark is that a Tarasoff warning could be deemed nonconfidential and admissible in a criminal trial. Psychotherapists could therefore be testifying in criminal courts as prosecution witnesses. While the possibility of a chilling effect on patients' disclosure of violent ideation in the context of psychotherapy first caused apprehension after the California Supreme Court's 1976 decision in Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California, this same Court's ruling in People v. Clark some 14 years later may ensure that this fear finally becomes realized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Burning anger.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Disposition of insanity acquittees in the United States Military.

Recent amendments to the United States Code of Military Justice have essentially adopted the federal mental nonresponsibility rule or insanity defense. The prior standard, as outlined in the American Law Institute's Model Penal Code, has been abandoned. Notably absent is a system to address the disposition of the military insanity acquittee. This raises concerns regarding recidivism and the military's role in mitigating potential dangerousness. Relevant civilian and military law is reviewed, two cases described, and possible remedies proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Forensic psychiatric examination of arsonists].

The 116 persons charged with arson in Norway during the years 1980-87 are characterized by poor education, and lack of vocational, marital and social adjustment, combined with alcohol and some drug abuse. Few were psychotic at the time of the arson. Personality disturbance, mostly of an antisocial character was the most prominent diagnosis. Few were sexually deviant. Thoughts and feelings of vengeance, anger and hostility, combined with dysphoria or depression, were common at the time of the arson. Excitement, followed by release of tension upon lighting the fire is frequently reported. Sexual emotions were rather uncommon.

Adult↗