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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Synthesis, biological data and correlation analysis in a set of analgesic drugs.

A set of ortho-disubstituted benzene derivatives (2-X--C6H4NH--Y) designed as analgesics has been studied. Some physicochemical properties which are potentially correlated with the considered pharmacological activities are determined. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) show that the analgesic potency (writhing test) is a function of the hydrophobic-lipophilic parameters associated with the structures under study. Since the derivatives are inactive or very poor inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis, the appropriate modulation of substituents may maximize the differentiation between anti-nociceptive and analgesic activity.

Acetates↗
PubMed1981

Effects of [Na+], [Cl-], carbonic anhydrase, and intracellular pH on corneal endothelial bicarbonate transport.

Sodium removal from the solution bathing the isolated rabbit corneal endothelium caused a reduction in both unidirectional and net flux of bicarbonate, whereas chloride withdrawal from the solution had no effect on the net bicarbonate flux but increased the unidirectional fluxes. These data correlate with previously published data on the effects of similar solution manipulations on both fluid movement and potential difference across the endothelium and strongly implicate bicarbonate as the primary ion involved in the maintenance of corneal hydration. Carbonic anhydrase (1 mg/ml) added to the solution bathing both sides of the endothelium markedly increased unidirectional and net bicarbonate fluxes, possibly by maintaining a high bicarbonate/CO2 concentration close to the membrane and thereby eliminating chemical gradients in the unstirred layer adjacent to the membrane. Determinations of intracellular pH with the 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidine-dione method indicate that at more acid ambient conditions there is a lesser gradient between cell and bathing medium for H+; similar ambient conditions in other experiments resulted in larger unidirectional bicarbonate fluxes than at neutral pH. The data are suggestive of a nonvectorial H+-HCO3- exchange occurring across the endothelial cellular membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A parametric model for cluster correlated categorical data.

A fully parametric copula model for symmetric dependent clustered categorical data is discussed. The model accommodates any marginal regression models of interest and admits a broad range of within-cluster association. The form of the distribution is independent of cluster size and may be used to model data with varying cluster sizes. The model contains an association parameter that is estimated from the data to give a measure of strength of the within-cluster association and also a test of independence. Two examples are given to illustrate methods.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

[Development of the auditory ossicles in the human embryo: correlations with data obtained in mice].

The comparison of human middle ear ossicles developmental features with morphological and experimental data obtained in the mouse embryo reveals some points of convergence. The stapes develops mainly form Reichert's cartilage, but the malleus and incus derived partially from the first arch cartilage (Meckel's) and from a Reichert's cartilage-derived blastema parallel to the tubo-tympanic recess. These results permit to validate the mouse model in teratological studies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intracranial cysts of different etiologies--the correlations between data from ultralow-field magnetic resonance tomography and results from biochemical analysis].

The paper presents the results of comprehensive examination of 7 patients with intracranial cysts of various etiology and 1 with cholesteatoma. In addition to magnetic resonance imaging with an ultralow magnetic field intensity of 0.4 T, a biochemical assessment of the content of cysts was made. The cystic contrast range on T1 and T2 tomograms was evaluated. The levels of protein, total iron, and percentage of total solids of the cystic content were measured in the biochemical study. On T2 tomographs, the intensity of a signal from cysts on T2 tomographs was significant and differed in each case to a lesser extent. On T1 tomographs, the intensity of a signal was different in each case and increased virtually linearly as the concentration of protein increased up to 10%. The presence of paramagnetic active iron ions (reduced hemoglobin) in the cysts resulted in a much greater elevation of a signal on T1 tomograms. The findings are given as plots that associate the relative intensity of a signal with the concentration of protein. The total solids in the cysts examined predominantly showed protein.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of geomagnetic activity on the human body in extreme conditions and correlation with data from laboratory observations].

It was hypothesized based on previous laboratory observations and theoretical concepts that astronauts working at the "Mir" station under zero gravity conditions exhibit enhanced sensitivity to geomagnetic disturbances. The result of studies made it possible to reveal the dynamics of changes in cardiovascular characteristics separately in the main phase and the phase of storm restoration. A similar dynamics of cardiac activity was observed in experimental rabbits during geomagnetic storms.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: a systematic review.

CONTEXT: Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is the time from manifestation of the first psychotic symptom to initiation of adequate treatment. It has been postulated that a longer DUP leads to a poorer prognosis. If so, outcome might be improved through earlier detection and treatment. OBJECTIVES: To establish whether DUP is associated with prognosis and to determine whether any association is explained by confounding with premorbid adjustment. DATA SOURCES: The CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health), EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychLIT databases were searched from their inception dates to May 2004. STUDY SELECTION: Eligible studies reported the relationship between DUP and outcome in prospective cohorts recruited during their first episode of psychosis. Twenty-six eligible studies involving 4490 participants were identified from 11 458 abstracts, each screened by 2 reviewers. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted independently and were checked by double entry. Sensitivity analyses were conducted excluding studies that had follow-up rates of less than 80%, included affective psychoses, or did not use a standardized assessment of DUP. DATA SYNTHESIS: Independent meta-analyses were conducted of correlational data and of data derived from comparisons of long and short DUP groups. Most data were correlational, and these showed a significant association between DUP and several outcomes at 6 and 12 months (including total symptoms, depression/anxiety, negative symptoms, overall functioning, positive symptoms, and social functioning). Long vs short DUP data showed an association between longer DUP and worse outcome at 6 months in terms of total symptoms, overall functioning, positive symptoms, and quality of life. Patients with a long DUP were significantly less likely to achieve remission. The observed association between DUP and outcome was not explained by premorbid adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: There is convincing evidence of a modest association between DUP and outcome, which supports the case for clinical trials that examine the effect of reducing DUP.

Adaptation, Psychological↗