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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Turning wheels for youth.

Reconditioned bicycles donated from Japan to family planning associations (FPAs) in the West Indies and the Caribbean are being used to assist the promotion of reproductive health/family planning services at the grass roots. The FPAs of St. Vincent, Belize, Grenada, and St. Lucia, respectively, received 75 bicycles each with spare parts in mid-1996. The bicycles were donated through the Municipal Coordinating Committee for Overseas Bicycle Assistance, an association of Japanese local governments and JOICFP. A low-cost, non-fuel means of transport, the bicycles are a convenient means for mobilizing grass-roots health agents and motivators. The St. Lucia Planned Parenthood Association distributed the bicycles to field workers conducting educational activities on sexual and reproductive health, home visits, group activities and counseling throughout the island. Peer counselors are also using the bicycles to assist with peer educational activities in schools, home visits and for other social activities. The Grenada Planned Parenthood Association is utilizing the bicycles to assist with youth activities. The bicycles are mobilizing key personnel of the Under Twenty Clubs (UTCs) who assemble youths in weekly meetings, and peer educators who provide counseling to their peers on sexuality and personal development. The bicycles donated to the Belize Family Life Association have bolstered the activities of the community workers who provide community outreach services, organize community meetings, and conduct educational sessions. The bicycles also support peer education activities by helping youths reach out to their peers to recruit them for the education program and to distribute educational materials.

Americas↗
PubMed1994

Europe without internal frontiers and international migration.

"This paper documents the process by which the freedom of movement of workers has been established in the European Community and uses data on migrant flows and stocks to assess whether such freedom of movement has had a significant effect in increasing intra-Community migration. Although the evidence suggests that the presence of Community workers increased in newly admitted Community member States, such as the United Kingdom during the 1970s and, more recently, Greece, Portugal and Spain, the numbers involved are small in relative terms. In contrast, the enactment of freedom of movement provisions has not contributed to a noticeable increase in the outflow of workers from the poorer to the richer member States."

Demography↗
PubMed2004

Better medication management for Aboriginal people with mental health disorders: a survey of providers.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences and training needs of service providers in relation to medication management for Aboriginal people with mental health disorders. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Aboriginal and mainstream health and human service organisations in metropolitan, rural and remote South Australia. SUBJECTS: Aboriginal health workers, nurses, mental health workers, substance misuse workers, managers, liaison officers, social workers, police, pharmacists, general practitioners, community workers, counsellors, paramedics, educators, family support workers and others. RESULTS: The major health service issues for Aboriginal people with mental health disorders and their carers are related to access to, and availability and appropriateness of services. Quality use of medications by Aboriginal clients is influenced by drug and alcohol misuse, cost, compliance, feelings about the value of medicines, sharing of medications and unwanted side-effects. Many workers providing services to Aboriginal people with mental health disorders lack adequate training and/or resources on mental health and safe medication management; yet, are required to provide advice or assistance on these matters. CONCLUSIONS: The survey provides new, reliable evidence relevant to mental health services and medication management for South Australian Aboriginal people. It highlights the major issues impacting on quality of care and service provision, demonstrates the wide range of health and allied workers providing medication advice and assistance to Aboriginal people, and reveals workforce development needs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Sustainability of a successful malaria surveillance and treatment program in a Runggus community in Sabah, east Malaysia.

The district of Kudat has one of the highest and most persistent malaria transmission levels in Sabah, Malaysia, with annual parasite incidence of 102 per 1,000 inhabitants per year. Due to this situation and the failure of DDT spraying to control malaria, a community participation health program (Sukarelawan Penjagaan Kesihatan Primer or SPKP) was developed as an adjunct to current anti-malarial measures during 1987-1991. SPKP is made up of unpaid community workers known as village health volunteers (VHVs). VHVs are selected by a village development and security committees training and supervision a member of the Vector-Borne Diseases Control Program (VBDCP). The beneficiaries of SPKP consisted primarily of Runggus people and other remote, and mobile populations who visit the home of a VHV for diagnosis and treatment. This group of febrile patients and their children who attend a participating school submit finger prick blood and personal details to the VHV. and receive a presumptive treatment for malaria. Thick and thin blood smears are examined by a VBDCP microscopist who then prepare and forward a radical or curative treatment to the VHV so that it can be administered to the microscopically-positive patient free of charge. Between June 1987 to June 1991, VHVs from 32 kampungs (villages) and 22 schools collected 56,245 slides representing 24.7% of total slide collection compared to 74.9% collected by passive case detection (PCD) posts in health centers and district hospital. The average volunteer treated 11.8 (range 10.4-13.4) and 31.4 (range 26-49) patients per month in kampungs and schools respectively. In contrast, non-SPKP posts in a district hospital, health centers and flying doctor service treated an average of 616.3 patients per month (range 134.8-1032.8). The slide positivity rate of blood smears taken by VHVs was 8.43% compared with 7.37% for non-SPKP posts. Average slide collection and slide positivity rates varied considerably from one community to another, despite their close geographic proximity. The monthly number of VHV-diagnosed patients from the school and kampungs communities and the monthly number of true malaria patients in the two groups were significantly correlated. Sustainability of SPKP was linked to an ongoing process of social change which involved co-operative networking between the government health sector and the community. This in turn provided a stimulus for malaria abatement efforts. When Runggus people themselves control and maintain ownership of community-based malaria programs, the function of SPKP as a malaria surveillance system and an antimalarial drug distribution network is vastly improved.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The development of the Mental Health Advice Centre in Lewisham Health District.

The Mental Health Advice Centre in Lewisham, South East London, represents an innovation in psychiatric service aiming to integrate primary health care with mental health professionals and to provide easy access for patients to psychiatric and psychological help. The Centre has been operating for 3 years and is staffed by a multi-professional team comprising psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychotherapists, social workers, community psychiatric nurses, occupational therapists, research workers, and volunteers. This report outlines the development of the Centre and presents the results of two years' evaluative work. Social, demographic, and psychiatric characteristics of the clients who attended the Centre during these two years are described.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2006

Complementary foods associated diarrhea.

The World Health Organization regards illness due to contaminated food as one of the most widespread health problems in the contemporary world. Food safety especially in the weaning groups is one of the major concerns that have posed a threat to health of the children. Millions of children in the world die each year from diarrheal diseases; hundreds of millions suffer from frequent episodes of diarrhea and consequent impairment of nutritional status. Contaminated foods play a major role in the occurrence of diarrheal diseases. Apart from food contamination, transmission of infection occurs by direct contact, highly favored by the habits and customs of the people. Improper storage and handling of cooked food is equally responsible for food-borne illnesses, as during storage especially at ambient temperature (28-38 degrees C) there is the risks of multiplication of pathogenic organisms increase. Food safety education is a critical prerequisite and is an essential element in control and prevention of diarrheal diseases. However, no preventive measures can ever be successful without the acute involvement of the caretakers, other family members and the community. To sensitize the community in a catalytic manner, health workers, community leaders and community volunteers can act as effective change agent, to bring about a behavior that can lead to improvement in their real life practices, thereby reducing the prevalence of diarrheal episodes in young children. Food Safety Education Programs that involve volunteers are cost effective as they can be reached to a maximum number of people through limited health personnels, and by this, the community can be made responsible for its own health problems.

Child↗
PubMed2005

Sero-prevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis and Taenia solium taeniasis in California, USA.

OBJECTIVES: Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. METHODS: Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant farm worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. RESULTS: The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant farm worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. CONCLUSION: The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Community-based model boosts BP control in high-risk population.

It's one of medicine's thorniest problems: We know how to treat high BP, but less than half of those with the condition are under adequate control. And the hardest-hit populations are low-income, urban communities with high percentages of African American and Hispanic residents. A model developed at Johns Hopkins University is attacking the problem and has produced impressive results through the use of community health workers.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1999

GIS/GPS to document increased access to community-based treatment for tuberculosis in Africa. Geographic information system/global positioning system.

Application of geographic information system (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS) technology in the Hlabisa community-based tuberculosis treatment programme documents the increase in accessibility to treatment after the expansion of the service from health facilities to include community workers and volunteers.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1993

'To make a difference'. The Lincoln Collective.

The Lincoln Collective was born in 1970 as a grassroots effort of health and community workers to start the kind of nonhierarchical community-oriented program described in this article. The idea of two residents who were already at Lincoln Hospital, the notion was given official approval because of the influx of young, American-trained physicians and nurses it would bring. But, as the experiment was advertised by word of mouth to members of the Student Health Organization, the Medical Committee for Human Rights, and other health workers involved in antiwar activities, the hospital, administration got more than it bargained for.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Culturally sensitive prenatal care for Southeast Asians.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success of the Southeast Asian Health Project in terms of client satisfaction with the prenatal care and other services. To obtain additional data about Southeast Asian women's health practices regarding childbearing. DESIGN: Survey through questionnaires administered as interviews. SETTING: In clients' homes or via telephone. PARTICIPANTS: 119 women from SEAHP's case files of recently delivered clients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Interviews were conducted by four community workers fluent in Cambodian or Lao. The majority of women were satisfied with SEAHP, particularly the interpretation and education in native languages. Women were also satisfied with SEAHP, encouraging others to seek care. CONCLUSIONS: SEAHP appears to meet prenatal care needs of Southeast Asian women in Long Beach, California. More objective outcome data await analyses, but the program's approach may ensure access to and use of health services.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed1993

Is the medical community ready for worker notification?

Although the potential for early detection of disease has been of central importance in the evolution of worker notification policy and practice, it is not the only positive outcome of medical intervention. The provider-patient encounter also creates an important opportunity for patient-centered risk communication that may result in workplace modifications as well as lifestyle changes to reduce the likelihood of subsequent illness and injury--both work and nonwork related. At the same time, it may signal the beginning of a series of social, legal, and political actions that may have positive or negative consequences for notified workers. This article identifies several important roles for members of the medical community relating to worker and community notification programs and explores the readiness of health care professionals in assuming these roles. It is suggested that health care providers lack both the training and sociopolitical sensitivity needed for meaningful participation in the notification process. This article addresses possible short-term and long-term approaches to enhancing the readiness of health care providers and suggests that effective intervention with notified workers requires a willingness to step beyond the confines of the medical model.

Communication↗