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Results for “Colitis, Microscopic”

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Plasma cell alterations in ulcerative colitis. An electron microscopic study.

Colon biopsies from 37 young patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) were investigated by electron microscopy with special regard to the inflammatory infiltrate of the lamina propria mucosae, which is characterized by lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells. There are close topographical relations between plasma cells and other inflammatory cells. In particular, different forms of plasma cells occur, which mainly differ in shape and contents of their rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The different degrees of development and dilatation of the RER express different functional states. The frequent occurrence of Russell bodies, Mott cells and necrobiotic plasma cells is explained as a--at least partial--pathologic alteration of plasma cells in UC. In context with recently published immunohistochemical findings these observations permit the assumption of an imbalance of the local Ig-system in UC.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1975

Colonic epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in ulcerative colitis. An electron-microscopic study.

The following study cinfirms previously reported electron-microscopic findings in ulcerative colitis and agrees with the nonspecific nature of those findings. The study extends these observations in regard to relationship of PMN leukocytes, eosinophil leukocytes, and mast cells to colonic epithelial cells. Strong, though not conclusive, data that PMN and eosinophil leukocytes extensively invade epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis is presented. This finding also is not specific to ulcerative colitis and was found with much less frequency in Crohn's disease of the colon and in salmonella colitis. The presence of intravascular degranulation of PMN leukocytes in ulcerative colitis is confirmed. This study adds additional support to the concept that the major abnormality in ulcerative colitis resides within the colonic epithelial cell.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Neuroimmune interactions in experimental colitis. An immunoelectron microscopic study.

With its abundance of neurons and immunocytes, the gut is a potentially important site for the study of the interaction between the nervous and immune systems. In this electron microscopic study we have investigated the distribution of substance P (SP)- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive (IR) nerve terminals and the immunocytes during experimental colitis in the rat. A mild colitis was induced by a luminal enema containing trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. The most severe inflammation was detected after 2 days and the density and the distribution of the SP- and VIP-IR nerve terminals as well as the immunocompetent cells were studied at that time. Many SP- and VIP-IR nerve terminals were observed in a very close situation to the inflammatory cells. The number of VIP-IR nerve terminals slightly increased in the inflamed area. The gap between the axolemma of the nerve terminals and immunocytes was 20-200 nm. Some lymphocytes and plasma cells were also IR for SP in the inflamed area, whereas no IR immunocytes were observed in the control and in noninflamed area from the same animal. The very close apposition of the SP- and VIP-IR nerve terminals to the inflammatory cells as well as the presence of SP-IR immunocytes in inflamed area support the suggestion that bidirectional neuroimmunomodulation exists in the colon.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in collagenous or lymphocytic colitis with or without celiac disease.

Microscopic forms of colitis, including lymphocytic and collagenous colitis, have been observed in both those with and without celiac disease. Although perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) occur in most patients with ulcerative colitis, investigations in microscopic, particularly lymphocytic, colitis are still needed. In this study atypical p-ANCA was evaluated in 55 patients, including 27 with celiac disease alone, 13 with celiac disease and concomitant lymphocytic colitis, and 15 with microscopic forms of colitis, including lymphocytic and collagenous colitis. Nine patients (16.3%) had atypical p-ANCA, including six with celiac disease and three with a microscopic form of colitis alone. Although five of the six positive celiac disease patients had lymphocytic colitis, all three celiac disease patients with associated primary sclerosing cholangitis--a separate risk factor for a positive assay result--were serologically positive for atypical p-ANCA. These results indicate for the first time that this serological marker may occur in histologically defined celiac disease with or without concomitant lymphocytic colitis. Furthermore, these results suggest that the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis differs from that of lymphocytic colitis and further emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of these newly recognized types of colonic inflammatory mucosal disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Small intestine in lymphocytic and collagenous colitis: mucosal morphology, permeability, and secretory immunity to gliadin.

There is a recognised association between the "microscopic" forms of colitis and coeliac disease. There are a variety of subtle small intestinal changes in patients with "latent" gluten sensitivity, namely high intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) counts, abnormal mucosal permeability, and high levels of secretory IgA and IgM antibody to gliadin. These changes have hitherto not been investigated in microscopic colitis. Nine patients (four collagenous, five lymphocytic colitis) with normal villous architecture were studied. Small intestinal biopsies were obtained by Crosby capsule; small intestinal fluid was aspirated via the capsule. IEL counts were expressed per 100 epithelial cells, and intestinal IgA and IgM antigliadin antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Small intestinal permeability was measured by the lactulose:mannitol differential sugar permeability test. IEL counts were normal in all cases, median 17, range 7-30. Intestinal antigliadin antibodies were measured in six cases and were significantly elevated in two patients (both IgA and IgM). Intestinal permeability was measured in eight cases and was abnormal in two and borderline in one. These abnormalities did not overlap: four of nine patients had evidence of abnormal small intestinal function. Subclinical small intestinal disease is common in the two main forms of microscopic colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Microscopic activity in ulcerative colitis: what does it mean?

To determine the prognostic importance of microscopic rectal inflammation we followed up 82 patients (aged 21 to 78 years, 44 men) with chronic quiescent ulcerative colitis over 12 months. At trial entry each patient underwent a rectal biopsy and sections were graded independently by two histopathologists. A chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate of varying severity was present in all biopsy specimens, and 58% had crypt architectural irregularities. In addition, 32% had evidence of acute inflammatory activity: 28% acute inflammatory cell infiltrate, 11% crypt abscesses, and 22% mucin depletion. Agreement between the two histopathologists for the presence of each of these features was 94% (90-98%). During the 12 month follow up 27 patients (33%) relapsed after a mean interval of 18 weeks (range 3-44 weeks). Relapse rates were unrelated to duration or extent of disease or to the type of maintenance drug treatment. In patients with an acute inflammatory cell infiltrate 52% relapsed, whereas in the absence of such an infiltrate only 25% relapsed (p = 0.02). Similarly, relapse rates were higher in the presence of crypt abscesses (78% v 27%, p less than 0.005), mucin depletion (56% v p less than 0.02), and breaches in the surface epithelium (75% v 31%, p = 0.1). The presence of a chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate or crypt architectural irregularities, however, bore no relation to the frequency of colitis relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Electron microscopic studies in ulcerative colitis].

In 26 patients with the classical clinical picture of an ulcerous colitis and in 8 healthy control persons in the course of a rectoscopy in about 15 cm depth tissue was taken bioptically and underwent an electron-microscopic investigation. Moreover, enzyme-histological examinations were performed. Summarizingly, clear references to immune-pathological processes for development and course of ulcerous colitis are the result.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis.

The most recently recognized and least understood forms of inflammatory bowel disease are two types of idiopathic microscopic colitis-collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis. These disorders share many clinical and histologic features, but they have a few notable differences. Whether these are two distinct entities or different presentations of the same disease remains controversial. Bismuth subsalicylate is effective in some patients and treatment is symptomatic and empirical in others. Unlike ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, these forms of inflammatory bowel disease rarely require surgery. Ileostomy with or without colectomy is curative for the rare patient with severe symptoms that are refractory to medical measures. Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are not associated with an increased risk of malignancy.

Biopsy, Needle↗