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PubMedDate not supplied

Morbidity and mortality conference: enhancing delivery of surgery residency curricula.

PURPOSE: To determine the exposure of surgical residents to educational subjects contained in the APDS 2000 Curriculum from a weekly Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) conference. METHODS: The departmental quality assurance data base was queried for content presented in a residency program's M&M conference. The presentation topics, the services involved, and the occurrence causation were all cataloged to assess the extent of material covered. The topic was logged if the case occurrence generated discussion beyond a superficial notation. An attending moderated the discussions, with resident and faculty interaction on causality determination. Imaging studies were available as appropriate to the case discussed. RESULTS: At least 95 discrete topics in 149 separate occurrences were covered in the weekly M&M conference in 1 academic year from July 1999 through June 2000. Common topics included wound infection (9), deep venous thrombosis (7), small bowel obstruction (5), and pulmonary embolus (4). Five topics were discussed 3 times, 23 were discussed twice, and 63 were discussed once. Although many occurrences had multiple causes, Pareto analysis of causation determined that nature of disease was prominent in 78 (52.4%), diagnostic difficulty in 31 (20.8%), technical error in 27 (18.1%), and error in judgment in 13 (8.7%). Pareto analysis of the surgical domains addressed included trauma (37, 24.8%), general surgery (35, 23.5%), common issues independent of service (32, 21.5%), vascular (20, 13.5%), cardio thoracic (11, 7.4%), critical care (9, 6.1%), and all other services (5, 3.4%). CONCLUSIONS: A weekly M&M conference in a residency program provides broad exposure to material contained in the APDS 2000 curriculum. A peer-reviewed M&M conference provides ongoing examination of common problems encountered in the delivery of surgical care. By so doing, it promotes interactive teaching of the most relevant surgical problems.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

A computer-assisted personalized approach in an undergraduate plant physiology class

We used Computer-Assisted Personalized Approach (CAPA), a networked teaching and learning tool that generates computer individualized homework problem sets, in our large-enrollment introductory plant physiology course. We saw significant improvement in student examination performance with regular homework assignments, with CAPA being an effective and efficient substitute for hand-graded homework. Using CAPA, each student received a printed set of similar but individualized problems of a conceptual (qualitative) and/or quantitative nature with quality graphics. Because each set of problems is unique, students were encouraged to work together to clarify concepts but were required to do their own work for credit. Students could enter answers multiple times without penalty, and they were able to obtain immediate feedback and hints until the due date. These features increased student time on task, allowing higher course standards and student achievement in a diverse student population. CAPA handles routine tasks such as grading, recording, summarizing, and posting grades. In anonymous surveys, students indicated an overwhelming preference for homework in CAPA format, citing several features such as immediate feedback, multiple tries, and on-line accessibility as reasons for their preference. We wrote and used more than 170 problems on 17 topics in introductory plant physiology, cataloging them in a computer library for general access. Representative problems are compared and discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1974

Three-way division combined with conversion to Medical Subject Headings(MeSH) in a medium-sized medical library.

Conversion to MeSH and other reasons are enumerated for the division of an undivided dictionary card catalog into a three-way divided catalog, consisting of Proper Names, Titles, and Topical Subjects sections. Methodology of division is described. Conversion from Library of Congress Subject Headings to Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) as an authority list stimulated such concurrent changes as (1) the introduction of a guide card system that eliminates typing of subject headings on catalog cards and (2) the adoption of a filing system that employs reverse chronological order for all types of sequential material in the Proper Names and Titles sections and for all material in the Topical Subjects section. The ancillary decisions, procedures, and methods necessitated by these major conversions are also described.

Catalogs, Library↗
PubMed1999

Supply chain management.

This article describes how Do It Best Corp. has used technology to improve its supply chain management. Among other topics it discusses the company's use of electronic data interchange, the Internet, electronic forecasting, and warehouse management systems to gain substantial savings and increase its competitiveness.

Catalogs, Commercial as Topic↗
PubMed1991

Using computer software to improve group decision-making.

This article provides a review of some of the work done in the area of knowledge-based systems for strategic planning. Since 1985, with the founding of the Center for Knowledge-based Systems for Business Management, the project has focused on developing knowledge-based systems (KBS) based on these models. In addition, the project also involves developing a variety of computer and non-computer methods and techniques for assisting both technical and non-technical managers and individuals to do decision modelling and KBS development. This paper presents a summary of one segment of the project: a description of integrative groupware useful in strategic planning. The work described here is part of an ongoing research project. As part of this project, for example, over 200 non-technical and technical business managers, most of them working full-time during the project, developed over 160 KBS prototype systems in conjunction with MBA course in strategic planning and management decision making. Based on replies to a survey of this test group, 28 per cent of the survey respondents reported their KBS were used at work, 21 per cent reportedly received promotions, pay rises or new jobs based on their KBS development work, and 12 per cent reported their work led to participation in other KBS development projects at work. All but two of the survey respondents reported that their work on the KBS development project led to a substantial increase in their job knowledge or performance.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1983

Intraocular lens data.

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Catalogs, Commercial as Topic↗
PubMed1983

Comparative material on automated and semiautomated perimeters-1983.

In reviewing all the responses from the private practitioners and clinicians in Departments of Ophthalmology throughout the United States and Canada, it would appear that the majority of individuals are quite happy with the automated perimeters they have purchased. Clinicians should be aware that this is a rapidly changing field and several devices which were previously available are no longer being manufactured. In addition, because of the competition which has recently developed in the automated perimetry industry, prices are continuing to come down. Some practitioners have been unhappy with the fact they paid a higher price for a device which is currently selling at a lower price. However, a similar phenomenon has happened in the computer world and is to be expected as competition increases. The major problems which seem to be of concern to all ophthalmologists, are the difficulty in interpreting data and the management of the data. We believe one of the major frustrations of all practitioners using automated perimeters relates to the fact that this is a totally new technique, which requires time and practice to gain familiarity. In general, it would appear that most of the practitioners have been happy with the service provided by various companies, although there are a few exceptions. Read the enclosed responses and develop your own conclusions. We hope you find the information useful.

Catalogs, Commercial as Topic↗