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PubMed1978

The Christian administrator in a secular society.

While government involvement with hospitals complicates an administrator's operating environment, much of what government and consumer advocates want is at least philosophically good. In the midst of conflicts between a secular society and the goals of church-related hospitals, Christian administrators must demonstrate integrity and would do well to see adversity as a challenge promoting greater strenghts for themselves and for their hospitals.

Christianity↗
PubMed1993

A case of metastatic carcinoma from Christian Sayala (Egyptian Nubia).

The paper deals with a case of a most probable metastatic carcinoma, found in skeletal remains of a 35-45 year old female who lived in Sayala, Egyptian Nubia, during the Christian Period. The macroscopic and radiographic morphology supported by microscopic investigation by M. Schultz (Göttingen) revealed the predominating osteoclastic process in the lesions, combining with the slightly expressed osteoblastic component. Single lesions located in the skull, spine, sacrum, sternum, ribs, clavicle, scapula, radius, metacarpals and hand phalanges, ossa coxae, femur and tibia were described. Of the various differential diagnostic possibilities, the diagnosis was focused on distinction between myeloma multiplex and lytic metastatic carcinoma. The growing evidence of incidence of metastatic carcinoma, its relative frequency compared with that of myeloma multiplex, and the most probable primary source of metastases of our case--the carcinoma of the breast--were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Human dignity and Christian ethics].

The jurisdiction of most states presumes that human dignity is unconditional. Yet a last reason for this dignity cannot be furnished by a state jurisdiction. Christian ethics for instance argue on a line beyond strictly rational interpretation: human dignity roots in man's affirmation by God. Beyond a simply negative definition it is essential today to define the conditions of human dignity in a positive way.

Christianity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Religious insistence on medical treatment. Christian theology and re-imagination.

Families and surrogates sometimes use religious themes to justify their insistence on aggressive end-of-life care. Their hope that "God will work a miracle" can halt negotiations with health care professionals and lead to litigation. The possibility of "re-imagining" religious themes, to broaden their scope and present a wider vision of the Christian tradition, may offer a solution.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed2005

Population continuity vs. discontinuity revisited: dental affinities among late Paleolithic through Christian-era Nubians.

The present study revisits a subject that has been a source of long-standing bioarchaeological contention, namely, estimation of Nubian population origins and affinities. Using the Arizona State University dental anthropology system, frequencies of 36 crown, root, and intraoral osseous discrete traits in 12 late Pleistocene through early historic Nubian samples were recorded and analyzed. Specifically, intersample phenetic affinities, and an indication of which traits are most important in driving this variation, were determined through the application of correspondence analysis and the mean measure of divergence distance statistic. The results support previous work by the author and others indicating that population discontinuity, in the form of replacement or significant gene flow into an existing gene pool, occurred sometime after the Pleistocene. This analysis now suggests that the break occurred before the Final Neolithic. Samples from the latter through Christian periods exhibit relative homogeneity, which implies overall post-Pleistocene diachronic and regional population continuity. Yet there are several perceptible trends among these latter samples that: 1) are consistent with documented Nubian population history, 2) enable the testing of several existing peopling hypotheses, and 3) allow the formulation of new hypotheses, including a suggestion of two post-Pleistocene subgroups predicated on an age-based sample dichotomy.

Africa↗
PubMed1981

Reactivation of Hand-Schüller-Christian disease six and thirteen years after discontinuation of systemic therapy.

We present two cases of reactivation of Hand-Schüller-Christian disease or multifocal eosinophilic granuloma 6 and 13 years after discontinuation of systemic therapy. Both patients received oral therapy with methotrexate and prednisone continuing for 2--3 years after the disease was thought to be in remission. Relapses were detected because of disease symptoms and treated with surgery with or without radiation. Neither patient has required reinstitution of systemic therapy. These cases are cited as evidence of the chronicity of the disorder and as a reminder that reactivation is possible after years of disease inactivity. Therefore, long-term clinical follow-up of patients in remission is indicated.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Eosinophilic granuloma of the bone in Hand-Schüller-Christian disease: extensive in vivo eosinophil degranulation and subsequent binding of released eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) to other inflammatory cells.

The eosinophils from bone granuloma, bone marrow, and peripheral blood of a patient with Hand-Schüller-Christian disease (HSCD) were studied by electron microscopy and cytochemistry. Impressive eosinophil degranulation was observed. Extracellular release of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and EPO binding to surrounding cells were seen in the granuloma and bone marrow. Cells with peroxidase-positive plasma membrane were also observed in peripheral blood. The pattern of eosinophil degranulation showed quite different features from those described so far. In the granuloma, the process begins with intracytoplasmic release of the granule matrix content, as revealed by both extensive extragranular accumulation of EPO and progressive decrease of the matrix electron density. Core dissolution follows thereafter, leading to complete disappearance of the granules. At the end of the process, the cells show rupture of the plasma membrane and release of their content into the surrounding environment. This pattern of secretion was also observed in blood and marrow eosinophils of the patient. In view of the previously reported findings that EPO binding to inflammatory cells influences their functions, EPO release and binding to surrounding cells in HSCD may play a role in the evolution of the inflammatory lesion in the disease.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Friedrich-Christian Rosenthal-biographical note.

A short biographical note about Friedrich-Christian Rosenthal, a German anatomist, disciple of Reil, born in Greifswald on the 3rd of June 1780, died prematurely in the same town on the 5th of December 1829, leaving unfinished an important work on the anatomy of the brain and cranial nerves. His name is still associated with the spiral canal of the inner ear and to the basal cerebral vein.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1985

[Histiocytosis X. Follow-up for over 20 years in a patient with Hand-Schüller-Christian disease].

Since 1963 we have observed a patient with Hand-Schüller-Christian disease with involvement of the skeleton, skin and hypophysis/hypothalamus with diabetes insipidus. The diabetes insipidus was successfully treated initially with chlorpropamid and later with carbamazepin. Alterations of the lung parenchyma were seen radiologically in 1966, and two years later the patient complained of exertional dyspnea. The lung disease was progressive with the deterioration of lung function despite corticosteroid and D-penicillamine treatment. The patient now has marked dyspnea even at rest. The osteolytic lesions have not changed in recent years.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Creation of the first university chair in psychiatry: Johann Christian August Heinroth in Leipzig].

Much research has been done on the work of the alleged "psychicist" Johann Christian August Heinroth (1773-1843). However, his academic career has not yet been investigated in depth. For the first time, original archive material and other sources are quoted to illuminate his history and that of the first European chair of psychiatry at Leipzig University in Germany. Heinroth was first appointed associate professor (without a specific subject), and on 21 October 1811 he became the first associate professor of "psychic therapy". Despite his efforts, this chair was not transformed into a fellow professorship in 1815. In 1819, Heinroth succeeded in being appointed fellow professor, but for medicine in general and not psychiatry in particular. Thus his position was upgraded but his subject was not. After Heinroth's death in 1843, Justus Radius (1797-1884) took over psychiatry as a third, "part-time" chair. After several shifts in responsibilities, he ceased being explicitly referred to as professor of psychiatry.

Faculty, Medical↗
PubMed2006

[Hans-Christian Jacobaeus (1879-1937): The inventor of human laparoscopy and thoracoscopy].

Already 94 years ago in 1910, Dr. Hans Christian Jacobaeus performed the first clinical laparoscopic surgery in Stockholm. His pioneering procedure was based on the animal experiments of Georg Kelling (1866-1945), a German physician from Dresden, who performed the first laparoscopic intervention in 1901 using a Nitze cystoscope in a dog. In 1910 Jacobaeus published his first experiences with laparoscopic surgery in the Münchner Medizinische Wochenschrift under the title "The possibility to perform cystoscopy in examinations of serous cavities." He used this technique for diagnostic purposes in unclear abdominal complaints and functional impairment. Jacobaeus was the first who pointed out the possibility of causing injury to organs, especially the gut, by inserting the trocar. In 1910 Jacobaeus recognized the immense diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of laparoscopic surgery, but also the difficulties and limits. He also was the first who recognized the need to complete training sessions on animals and corpses. He demanded the development of special laparoscopic instruments to optimize and simplify the operation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Weber-Christian disease presenting with ocular manifestations.

A Japanese patient with Weber-Christian disease (WCD) presenting with ocular symptoms is reported. Panniculitis in the retrobulbar fat was diagnosed according to the histological findings from biopsy specimens, and improved over a month under steroid administration. Only three patients showing ocular manifestations have previously been reported. Panniculitis was in the late stage and a medium dose of prednisolone was effective in this patient. A biopsy of the orbital fat was useful for diagnosis. However, it is important to recognise that the stage of inflammation varies according to the fat tissue involved by WCD.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Weber-Christian disease presenting with intractable fever and periorbital swelling mimicking angioedema.

A 22-year-old male patient with Weber-Christian disease (WCD) presenting with periorbital swelling is a very rare occurrence. Lobular panniculitis in the periorbital and anterior tibial skin was diagnosed in this patient, based on the histological findings from biopsy specimens. The differential diagnosis was done before administering systemic corticosteroid. A dramatic response was achieved several days later, but relapse with intractable fever occurred 1 month later. The use of other immunosuppressive agents failed, and he died of septic shock 2 months later. The preceding infection may have been the immunopathologic factor in the development of WCD. Other effective treatments for WCD may be described in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Multifocal eosinophilic granuloma ("Hand-Schuller-Christian disease"). Report illustrating H-S-C chronicity and diagnostic challenge.

We have described an unusual case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma ("Hand-Schueller-Christian disease") in a middle-aged woman. The case underscores the varied and subtle nature of the disease presentation and the extent to which many organ systems may become involved. Unusual features of her case include atypical bone roentgenograms, cutaneous anergy, panhypopituitarism and evidence of diffuse central nervous system dysfunction. Several features of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma present in the older age group are different from those presenting in children and young adults. Finally, multifocal eosinophilic granuloma may present all the clinical and laboratory features of a progressive, chronic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Beyond the myth: the mermaid syndrome from Homerus to Andersen. A tribute to Hans Christian Andersen's bicentennial of birth.

Mermaid or sirens have been part of the cultural tradition of the sailors during the first expeditions in the western world. The Siren's Myth appeared for a first time with Homer, who described in the Odyssey some singing creatures that lured the enchanted sailors to death. More frequently described with a bird body and a female head, sometimes the female part was extended to torso, with arms prolonged in sturdy claws. In the Latin literature Publius Ovidius Naso presented in the Métamorphoses these creatures. Proposed ethymology for the word "siren" seems to confirm the prerogatives of these creatures, related to magnetism, seduction, charm. The first figuration of Sirens resembling to fish-women was in the second century bc. Hans Christian Andersen provided to leave us the strongest legend of Siren in the well-known fairy tale "The Little Mermaid". Following this story, Sirens are definitely considered as beautiful half-fish women who lived in the bottom of the sea, having a lovely voice to be used when they rise up to allow sweeter the agony of the wrecked sailors. Beyond the Myth, may the Siren really exist? It can be hypothesized that these creatures probably were individuals affected by sirenomelia. In our literature and medical review, we describe the etiology of the disease, and we illustrated the anatomical features of fetuses affected by this pathology using MDCT 3D reconstructions. Syrenomelia is a condition not compatible with the normal life, however nine cases of "mermaid" survived to reconstructive surgery have been reported until now. In our report we also presented a case of survival baby girl affected by sirenomelia, before and after surgery, with correlative radiologic imaging findings. The most important characteristic that seems to allow survival of the affected individuals is the presence of one functional kidney, displaced in pelvis. As so dramatically tragic was the history of the Andersen Little Mermaid, so unattended pleasant would be the destiny of a modern mermaid, who can hope to finally marry her prince, without the risk to "loose her head", as the Copenhagen City's Symbol did in the past years, for a story beyond the Myth.

Denmark↗
PubMed2005

Staphylococcus cohnii as a cause of multiple brain abscesses in Weber-Christian disease.

We report a patient with multiple brain abscesses due to Staphylococcus cohnii. While these brain abscesses markedly responded to the antibiotics, this patient was subsequently suffered from subcutaneous inflammatory nodules in the adipose tissue, which diagnosed him as having Weber-Christian disease (WCD). This is the first report that subcutaneous inflammatory nodules in the adipose tissue, which lead the diagnosis of WCD, followed multiple brain abscesses. To our knowledge, S. cohnii has not yet been reported to cause multiple brain abscesses in humans. Although the etiology of WCD is unknown, an immune mechanism has been implicated in the pathogenesis. Therefore, we should notice that patients with WCD could be immunocompromised hosts with a higher risk to suffer from severe opportunistic infections.

Adipose Tissue↗