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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Epidemic of pulmonary blastomycosis (Namekagon fever) in Wisconsin canoeists.

Epidemics of pulmonary blastomycosis have rarely been reported. The following epidemic occurred in a Minnesota family and several of their acquaintances after a canoeing trip in northwestern Wisconsin. The common exposure area was most likely a campsite, located along the upper reaches of the Namekagon River. The Namekagon River Valley is a known endemic area of Namekagon fever (blastomycosis) in dogs. Approximately one month after returning home, five of the eight members of the group had positive direct microscopic examinations and cultures of Blastomyces dermatitidis from their sputa, as well as abnormalities on their chest roentgenograms. Among these five patients, four were symptomatic, with fever, cough, and pleuritic chest pain. Of the three others, one had pleuritic chest pain with a transient lung infiltrate, the second was asymptomatic with a transient lung infiltrate, and the third was asymptomatic with a normal chest roentgenogram. Results of acute serologic tests (complement fixation and immunodiffusion) were negative in all five patients evaluated. None of the patients received antifungal therapy. Follow-up five years after the epidemic revealed that all eight were in excellent health, and none had evidence of continuing pulmonary or extrapulmonary disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Tracheal blastomycosis.

A patient with pulmonary blastomycosis is presented. In addition, the patient had extensive involvement of the trachea. This is the first known reported case of tracheal blastomycosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Late dissemination of pulmonary blastomycosis during ketoconazole therapy.

We report a patient with pulmonary blastomycosis who suffered relapse with dissemination of her disease after five months of apparent response to therapy with ketoconazole, 400 mg daily. Common causes of drug failure, including noncompliance and failure of absorption, were excluded, and there was no evidence of altered host immunity. Previous reports of relapse during and after ketoconazole therapy are reviewed; no previous case was found with recurrence near the end of a six-month period of apparently effective therapy. Close followup during the entire course of ketoconazole therapy for blastomycosis and following its completion is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Hyperendemic urban blastomycosis.

Within the United States, blastomycosis is primarily endemic in the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys, but reliable figures as to its prevalence and incidence are scarce. A review of pathology department files and medical records from three hospitals in Rockford, Illinois, revealed 32 documented cases of blastomycosis in an eight and one-half year period beginning in March 1981. Twenty-three of these cases were urban since they occurred within the Rockford census tract boundaries--an incidence more than 3.5 times greater than expected in an endemic area. Addresses of patients in 18 of the 23 cases were concentrated at the northeast and southwest ends of the city. Implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Diagnostic peritoneal lavage for identification of blastomycosis in a dog with peritoneal involvement.

A 6-year-old castrated male Dalmatian was evaluated because of hematemesis. The dog had lived its entire life in South Dakota and Wyoming and had never traveled outside of these states. Results of laboratory testing were compatible with iatrogenic acute renal failure and gastrointestinal tract ulceration secondary to previous nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and corticosteroid administration. Differential diagnoses for clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities that existed prior to these treatments included multisystemic infectious or inflammatory disease and neoplasia. Four-quadrant abdominocentesis did not yield any fluid, but because intra-abdominal disease was still suspected, diagnostic peritoneal lavage was performed. Fluid that was obtained was markedly cellular, and there were numerous extracellular structures with a round to oval shape; a 1-microm-thick, clear-staining capsule; a basophilic interior; and broad-based budding. Organisms were consistent with Blastomyces spp, and fungal culture yielded Blastomyces dermatitidis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and itraconazole was recommended but could not be initiated because of the client's financial constraints. At necropsy, disseminated blastomycosis involving the stomach, small intestines, urinary bladder, omentum, mesentery of the small intestine, and abdominal wall musculature was seen. To our knowledge, peritoneal involvement has not been reported in dogs with blastomycosis, and gastrointestinal tract involvement has only rarely been reported. Findings in this dog suggest that diagnostic peritoneal lavage may be a useful technique in determining the cause of infectious peritonitis when the amount of abdominal fluid is below the limit of detection for abdominocentesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blastomycosis granuloma involving the cranial vena cava associated with chylothorax and cranial vena caval syndrome in a dog.

A four-year-old, sexually intact, male dachshund was diagnosed with pulmonary blastomycosis. Itraconazole was administered for 60 days, and the dog was considered to be disease-free at three- and 12-month reevaluations. Two years following discontinuation of itraconazole, the dog developed a granuloma of the cranial vena cava resulting in chylothorax and cranial vena caval obstruction. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a blastomycotic granuloma involving the vena cava reported in the dog. Blastomycosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for both chylothorax and cranial vena caval syndrome in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Blastomycosis in wild wolves.

Blastomycosis was fatal to a wild wolf in Minnesota, and serologic evidence of blastomycosis was found in a Wisconsin wolf. No unusual movements were detected in the Minnesota animal from October 1983 through October 1985. However, by early December 1985, this wolf was weak and debilitated, and it perished on 14 December after approaching a human residence.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blastomyces dermatitidis blastomycosis in Africa. First Algerian case].

A case of fatal generalized Blastomycosis is reported. It was the first case of that mycosis observed in Algeria. The parasitic yeast-like cells of the fungus were seen in pus and tissue sections and Blastomyces dermatitidis cultured from pathological specimens. Yeast-like form was obtained in vitro on Kurung's agar at 37 degrees C. Male hamsters infected with this strain failed to develop an experimental disease. The occurrence and distribution of Blastomycosis in Africa are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological diagnostic problems in a case of peritoneal blastomycosis].

Blastomycosis is a mycotic disease, caused by a fungal infection. It has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, and, particularly, can mimic neoplastic disease. Correct diagnosis of the illness requires fungal culture and biopsy. In Romania, mycotic histopathology is insufficiently developed, and morphological tests are recommended to very few people who present this type of pathology. The paper discusses a case of peritoneal blastomycosis found at a patient with an abdominal pseudotumoral mass. The microscopic exam revealed the characteristic histologic features and budding yeast, in specific dyes, typical to the Blastomyces dermatidis (PAS, silver-methenamin). Authors of this paper hereby intend to draw pathologists' attention on the existence and diagnosis of mycotic lesions, whose number is continuously increasing nowadays.

Blastomyces↗
PubMed1992

Blastomycosis in Africa: a new case from Tunisia.

Although blastomycosis is prevalent in the North American continent, it occurs only sporadically in Africa. We describe a 42 yr old patient who complained of intermittent cough and haemoptysis. Clinical findings were strongly suggestive of lung cancer. The diagnosis of pulmonary blastomycosis was made at thoracotomy. This rather unusual disease in our areas caused a considerable delay in securing the diagnosis and we suggest that this infection may be found elsewhere in Africa and the distribution may be wider than has previously been suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Blastomycosis: a reminder of Kentucky's other fungus.

Although not as common as Histoplasmosis, the disease caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis is also endemic in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Greater clinical awareness of this systemic mycosis and the newer effective forms of treatment may lessen the significant morbidity and mortality of this potentially serious infection. To illustrate the varied manifestations of this illness, we contrast the presentation of an urban female with blastomycosis and atypical chest radiographic changes to the more classic features of blastomycosis described in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cutaneous blastomycosis.

We report on a patient with cutaneous blastomycosis and no evidence of systemic involvement. This diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical findings and confirmed by histologic examination and results of culture. The primary lesion in blastomycosis is almost always pulmonary. However, occasionally, as in our patient, the pulmonic focus resolves spontaneously before the patient presents. Disseminated lesions occur most often in the skin, followed by bone, genitourinary tract, and central nervous system. Our patient had an excellent response to ketoconazole without adverse effects.

Arm↗
PubMed2003

Cutaneous blastomycosis presenting as non-healing ulcer and responding to oral ketoconazole.

Primary cutaneous blastomycosis is a rare infection of the skin that usually follows trauma and presents as a papule or nodule that ulcerates. Although this infection often heals spontaneously, we present a case of a nonhealing ulcer following surgical drainage of cellulitis. Blastomycosis was diagnosed by histopathological examination and the infection responded well to oral ketoconazole therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Blastomycosis.

Blastomycosis is an uncommon, sometimes self-healing, sometimes fatal, infectious disease caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis. Although amphotericin B is still considered the drug of choice, ketoconazole and several other imidazole drugs--miconazole, itraconazole, econazole--have shown promise in the treatment of blastomycosis.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1988

Blastomycosis in cats: five cases (1979-1986).

Medical records of 5 cats with blastomycosis examined at the University of Tennessee Veterinary Teaching Hospital from 1979 to 1986 were reviewed. Clinical signs of blastomycosis varies depending on the organ(s) affected, but respiratory tract disease was most common, followed by CNS signs and ocular problems. A definitive diagnosis was made by identification of characteristic fungal organisms in biopsy or necropsy specimens. Two cats treated with amphotericin B did not respond to treatment and died or were euthanatized. The lungs, brain, eyes, and lymph nodes commonly were affected, but one cat had only cutaneous and regional lymph node involvement. The respiratory tract appeared to be a common primary site of infection, with dissemination to other organ systems. The typical host response was a pyogranulomatous cellular infiltrate with numerous fungal organisms evident.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiologic aspects of blastomycosis, the enigmatic systemic mycosis.

A growing body of epidemiologic information derives from the study of sporadic cases and seven epidemics of blastomycosis, although a complete epidemiologic description of the disease is impeded by the absence of a skin test and difficulty isolating the causative fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, from nature. Most cases occur sporadically in humans and dogs in a worldwide distribution. Endemic areas in the United States include southeastern, southcentral, and midwestern states, particularly Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Wisconsin. Blastomycosis is acquired by inhalation of spores from nature and acute disease occurs 21 to 106 days (median 43 days) after exposure; cutaneous inoculation and sexual and intrauterine transmission are rare. Most human cases are in middle aged men with occupation-, or leisure-related activities involving the soil or wooded areas. Identification of a point source in nature at a beaver pond and lodge was first accomplished during a 1984 Wisconsin epidemic, advancing knowledge of the natural habitat and ecology of the fungus. Blastomcyces alkali- and water-soluble antigen, utilized for in vitro lymphocyte transformation studies during the epidemic, may hold considerable promise for incorporation into a skin test.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Disseminated blastomycosis in a pregnant woman successfully treated with amphotericin-B. A case report.

An 18-year-old woman developed disseminated blastomycosis in the 30th week of pregnancy. She was treated with amphotericin-B. Simultaneous maternal-infant blood levels at birth were 1.9 and 1.3 micrograms/mL, respectively. The amphotericin-B level in the amniotic fluid was 0.3 microgram/mL at delivery. The infant was normal and without ill effects from either the blastomycosis or the amphotericin-B. The skin lesions and pulmonary infiltrates in the mother improved rapidly, without unexpected side effects from the therapy. The limited experience with amphotericin-B indicates that it is both well tolerated and effective in this clinical situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

North American blastomycosis: a review.

North American blastomycosis, first reported in 1894, and once thought to be a geographically localized disease, has now been reported worldwide. The greatest number of cases occur in the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio River basins. The organism enters the body via the lungs with subsequent dissemination to other organs, including the skin, eyes, bones, and genitourinary system. Patients most often present with cutaneous or pulmonary complaints. Demonstration of characteristic fungal morphology in microscopic smears or in histologic specimens is highly suggestive of Blastomyces dermatitidis. However, proof of the diagnosis is obtained only by mycologic culture. Some progress has been made using other laboratory methods to produce a rapid diagnosis. This paper reviews in detail the varied clinical presentations of blastomycosis, the laboratory diagnosis, and current treatment.

Amphotericin B↗