SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Arthrography”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources

PubMed1988

Direct coronal computed tomography arthrography of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus.

Although radiographs, arthrography, tomography, and computed tomography can all be used to diagnose osteochondritis dissecans of the talus, these imaging methods may not demonstrate whether an undisplaced osteochondral fragment has any attachment to the articular cartilage or bony bed of the talus. As lack of such attachment is a relative indication for surgery, we studied the feasibility of using coronal computed tomography (CT) after double contrast arthrography to demonstrate attachment in four patients with osteochondritis dissecans seen on radiographs. Direct coronal CT arthrographic images showed intact articular cartilage in three patients. In the fourth patient, overlying cartilage was virtually absent and contrast tracked beneath the fragment, an appearance that correlated with arthroscopic findings of partial articular cartilage attachment and no union at the osteochondral fracture line. Our initial experience suggests that direct coronal CT arthrography clearly shows the state of attachment of the osteochondritic fragment to the talus.

Air↗

PubMed1990

Diagnostic applications of wrist arthrography.

Arthrography of the wrist joint as a dynamic examination aids in confirming lesions of interosseous ligaments of the triangular fibrocartilage complex and soft tissue. The results of arthrography in 185 wrists, classified according to age of patients and pathological disorders with or without trauma demonstrate mostly post-traumatic discus lesions in younger patients. Older patients have an increase in pathological findings with a similar distribution between ligaments and discus. Soft-tissue injuries or discus lesions can be confirmed or excluded before osteoplastic surgery for distal radius fractures or reconstruction of ligaments in cases of carpal instability. Pathological changes of biomechanics of the hand and wrist are noticed more often and consequently are treated surgically. Arthrography of the wrist joint is a valuable means of diagnostic imaging.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

C1-2 arthrography.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the technique of C1-2 arthrography and recommend it as a suitable treatment for pain due to C1-2 abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with the following conditions were studied: cervical pain or neuralgia without radiographic changes (group 1, n = 23), osteoarthritis (group 2, n = 37), rheumatoid arthritis (group 3, n = 23), ankylosing spondylarthritis (group 4, n = 5) and diverse conditions (group 5, n = 12). The technique consists of lateral puncture of the posterior aspect of the C1-2 joint with a 20-gauge needle under fluoroscopic control, arthrography using 1 ml contrast medium, and a 1-ml long-acting steroid injection subsequently. RESULTS: The articular cavity has an anterior and a posterior recess. Sometimes the posterior recess is large. In 18% of cases the contralateral joint also opacifies. CONCLUSIONS: C1-2 arthrography appears to be an efficient and safe technique for the treatment of upper cervical pain due to C1-2 articular disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Costo-vertebral arthropathy. Diagnostic and therapeutic value of arthrography.

The authors report five cases of costo-vertebral (CV) joint arthropathies, without osteo-arthritis. The patients had referred pain, with misleading irradiations to the loin or to the abdomen, so that the diagnosis was difficult. The authors have performed in these five cases an arthrography of T11 and T12 CV joints. In every case, the arthrography triggered pain at one of these levels. The arthrography was followed by intra-articular injection of corticosteroid derivative in the symptomatic joint. In these cases, this procedure was a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic method. CV joint arthropathies are frequent, but often lead to incorrect diagnosis. These preliminary results encourage further use of this procedure in CV arthropathies.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[MR arthrography of the shoulder joint in a postoperative patient sample].

Indications of MR arthrography were analyzed in this prospective study. The aim was to evaluate possible advantages over conventional MRI, establish diagnostic criteria and to analyze its meaning further for the therapeutic management of postoperative patients. MR arthrography was performed in eight patients who had undergone surgical repair of rotator cuff lesions (modified Neer acromioplasty) and in six patients who had undergone arthroscopic therapy of recurrent unidirectional dislocation of the shoulder by combined arthroscopic intra- and extracapsular repair. MR investigations were performed before and after application of a contrast solution (2 mmol Gd-DTPA). All patients suffered from chronic postoperative pain. In patients with rotator cuff lesions, a partial tear could be verified in one patient and excluded in all others. In patients after arthroscopic therapy by combined intra- and extracapsular repair, a radiologically patulous-appearing capsule correlated with clinically recurrent dislocations. In all other patients diagnostic criteria, such as distribution of the intra-articular contrast solution, proliferation of scar tissue, nodular appearance of the glenohumeral ligaments and capsule thickness, correlated with a regular postoperative status. MR arthrography of the shoulder represents a promising method in the evaluation of the postoperative shoulder. It might further improve the evaluation of reactive capsule alterations, scar tissue proliferation, and the labroligamentous complex, as well as the ability to differentiate partial and complete rerupture from degenerative changes of the rotator cuff.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Utility of MR arthrography in the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis.

OBJECTIVE: Arthrographically, adhesive capsulitis is characterized by decreased joint volume; histologically, the capsule and synovium are thickened. We therefore compared using MR arthrography the joint volumes and capsule/synovial thickness of patients with and without adhesive capsulitis in order to assess the utility of MR arthrography in diagnosing adhesive capsulitis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The 1.5 T MR arthrography images of 28 subjects with (n=9) and without (n=19) adhesive capsulitis were compared. Adhesive capsulitis was diagnosed when there was an injected glenohumeral joint volume of less than 10 ml. Two masked observers working in consensus assessed the images for the relative amount of fluid in the biceps tendon sheath and axillary recess, corrugation at the margin of the capsule, capsule/synovial thickness, abnormalities of the rotator interval capsule, and for the presence of a cuff tear. RESULTS: There was a trend towards differences in capsular and synovial thickness (P>0.07) between the subjects with and without adhesive capsulitis; however, the controls had thicker synovium/capsules. Surprisingly, the amount of fluid in the axillary recess and biceps tendon sheath was not significantly different between the groups (P>0.25). There were more tears of the rotator cuff in controls than in patients with adhesive capsulitis (6, 3 vs 1, 1: complete, partial). Also, both corrugation (7 vs 0) and interval abnormalities (7 vs 0) were more common in the controls. CONCLUSION: There appear to be no useful MR arthrographic signs of adhesive capsulitis. Capsular/synovial thickness, static fluid volume, and the presence of corrugation are inconclusive as MR arthrographic signs for distinguishing shoulders with adhesive capsulitis from those without.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

MR arthrography for evaluation of the acetabular labrum.

MR arthrography of the hip has provided new insights into the lesions underlying mechanical hip pain. Until now evaluation of these structures, especially the acetabular labrum, has been limited. With the joint distention provided by MR arthrography, labral detachments and intrasubstance tears can be identified and differentiated from the many varied appearances of the asymptomatic labrum. This article reviews the normal anatomy of the hip, the clinical presentation of internal derangement and the technique for performing MR arthrography. The variations in morphology and signal of the asymptomatic labrum are reviewed as well as the appearance of the abnormal labrum.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed2005

Wrist arthrography: a simple method.

A technique of wrist arthrography is presented using an adhesive marker-plate with radiopaque coordinates to identify precisely sites for puncture arthrography of the wrist and to obviate the need for fluoroscopic guidance. Radiocarpal joint arthrography was performed successfully in all 24 cases, 14 in the cadaveric wrists and 10 in the live patients. The arthrographic procedure described in this study is simple, safe, and rapid, and has the advantage of precise localisation of the site for puncture without need for fluoroscopic guidance.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Morbidity after temporomandibular joint arthrography is lower than after removal of lower third molars.

The morbidity after temporomandibular joint arthrography was studied as the amount of pain, use of pain medicine, and disturbed sleep and was compared with the morbidity after removal of lower third molars. The morbidity was substantially higher after surgery than after arthrography. It was concluded that the morbidity after arthrography can be kept at a low level and that it should not restrict the indications for this examination.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Temporomandibular joint: diagnosis of medial and lateral disk displacement with anteroposterior arthrography. Correlation with cryosections.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether it is possible to diagnose medial and lateral disk displacements by single-contrast lower-compartment arthrography with an anteroposterior projection. Contrast medium was injected into the lower joint space of 29 fresh temporomandibular joint autopsy specimens. Anteroposterior arthrograms and anteroposterior arthrotomograms were obtained. Enlargement of the medial or lateral recess of the lower joint space was considered an arthrographic indication of medial or lateral displacement of the disk. After arthrography the joints were deep frozen and cryosectioned in the coronal plane. Imaging findings were correlated to observations in the cryosections in a blind fashion. The anteroposterior arthrograms were 48% accurate in determining the position of the disk in the coronal plane. The anteroposterior arthrotomograms were 59% accurate. It was concluded that anteroposterior lower joint space arthrography as well as arthrotomography is not reliable for diagnosis of medial or lateral disk displacement.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized assessment of Bankart lesions under tension with magnetic resonance arthrography.

Accurate anatomic depiction of Bankart lesions based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for the treatment of posttraumatic recurrent dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. MR arthrography, the intraarticular injection of dilute gadolinium before MR imaging, improves sensitivity in the detection of shoulder pathology. Abduction and external rotation (ABER) of the shoulder places dynamic stress on the inferior capsular pouch and anterior labroligamentous complex, important structures for anterior shoulder stability. This study sought to determine whether MR arthrography, by use of computerized image analysis, can visualize Bankart lesions better with the shoulder in the neutral position or in ABER. We evaluated 12 shoulders after traumatic anterior dislocation. The MR images were analyzed with image-analyzing software. We compared 3 parameters at 5 levels of the glenoid in the neutral position and in ABER: detachment (the length of detachment between the anterior glenoid rim and the anterior periosteal attachment), displacement (the distance between the anterior glenoid rim and the tip of the displaced labrum), and Bankart area (the area bounded by the detachment line, the displacement line, and the anterior aspect of the Bankart lesion). MR images revealed that Bankart lesions were under tension in ABER and lax and redundant with the shoulder in the neutral position. All 3 parameters were greater in ABER than in the neutral position in all cases (P = .012, P = .0006, and P = .012). Computerized image assessment of MR arthrography with the shoulder in ABER provides excellent visualization and evaluation of Bankart lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Assessment of radionuclide arthrography in the evaluation of loosening of knee prostheses.

BACKGROUND: Radionuclide arthrography (RNA) is an established technique in the evaluation of hip prostheses but there is scant literature on its role in knee prostheses and no data specifically related to unicompartmental knee prostheses. We reviewed our experience with radionuclide arthrography in total (TKRs) and unicompartmental (UKRs) knee arthroplasties. METHODS: A retrospective review of 66 consecutive RNA studies that either had direct surgical correlation or arthroscopic assessment in conjunction with at least 12 months of clinical and radiological follow-up. These formed the basis of our case note review. 26 studies had a confirmed diagnosis of prosthetic loosening. RESULTS: By using standardised criteria for diagnosis and an early and late imaging protocol at 30 min and 4 h, RNA had an overall sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 88% for the diagnosis of prosthetic loosening. The individual sensitivities and specificities were 93% and 86% for TKRs and 82% and 92% for UKRs. The technique was unable to detect femoral component loosening unless a long femoral stem was present, although only 8% of episodes of prosthetic loosening did not involve the tibial component. CONCLUSION: Radionuclide arthrography should be considered as a useful diagnostic test for the evaluation of loosening of the tibial component of knee prostheses but requires early and late imaging and close attention to detail to achieve optimal results.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Magnetic resonance arthrography: current status.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently considered the best method of diagnosis in musculoskeletal disorders. Intraarticular fluid improves joint assessment by helping to delineate intraarticular structures, separating otherwise closely-apposed structures, and filling potential spaces which lie within or communicate with the joint. Initially, it was anticipated that plain MRI would replace arthrography. The message from our surgical colleagues is that this ideal has not yet been achieved. Greater precision should reduce the need for more invasive techniques, such as diagnostic arthroscopy which is why direct and indirect MR arthrography are being employed. This article reviews the current status of MR arthrography as an evolving technique in the imaging of joint disorders.

Arthrography↗

PubMed1998

Hip arthrography, aspiration, block, and bursography.

Hip arthrography in children with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is used to determine the optimal position of the femoral head for immobilization during the process of epiphyseal healing and in developmental dysplasia of the hip as a guide to operative treatment. In adult hips, arthrography and aspiration are useful techniques for demonstration of prosthetic implant loosening and infection. Aspiration of the hip joint and culture of aspirated fluid helps to diagnose septic arthritis. Anesthetic hip arthrography helps to distinguish between pain originating from the hip and radicular pain from the spine. Iliopsoas bursography may be used to diagnose bursal enlargement and its cause.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Saline magnetic resonance arthrography in the evaluation of glenohumeral instability.

Sixty-five patients underwent magnetic resonance (MR) shoulder arthrography. Forty-eight of these patients underwent examination under anesthesia (EUA). MR images were retrospectively evaluated for signs felt to be imaging indicators of shoulder instability, including evaluation of various capsular measurements and the presence of glenoid labral tears, as well as Hill-Sachs fractures. Statistical analysis of the results showed that no correlation between capsular indicators with EUA-documented instability was found. However, there was a statistically significant correlation between the presence of a Bankart cartilaginous deformity (p = 0.000) and Hill-Sachs fractures (p = 0.022) with EUA-documented instability. Sensitivity to labral tears was 89% and specificity was 98%, whereas Hill-Sachs fracture detection was 69% and 87%, respectively. We believe that MR saline arthrography is of benefit in the evaluation of the anterior labrum when unenhanced MR imaging is inconclusive, and we speculate on the role of MR arthrography as a primary investigative tool.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[A prospective study on the detection of lesions of the labrum glenoidale by indirect MR arthrography of the shoulder].

PURPOSE: Aim of this prospective study was the evaluation of signal-alterations of anatomic shoulder structures before and after intravenous application of Gd-DTPA. Furthermore the tested clinical value of indirect MR-arthrography in detecting labrum lesions was tested. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 52 patients with suspected shoulder injury were examined on a 1.5 T system: Sequences were T1-weighted axial and oblique-coronary, additionally oblique-coronary T2-weighted, PD-weighted- and axial FLASH-2D-Sequences. After intravenous injection of contrast medium T1-weighted sequences were repeated. Signal-intensities (SI) of anatomic structures were measured by ROI-technique, the percentual contrast-enhancement (CE) and alterations in SNR (signal-noise-ratio) and CNR (contrast-noise-ratio) were calculated. Labrum tears were graded by three observers, their results could be confirmed by arthroscopy or open surgery in 24 patients. RESULTS: Contrast-enhancement was shown in all structures, most remarkable in the joint cavity. In pathologic findings of the labrum the SI and CE were significantly higher compared to intact strictures (p < 0.05). Sensitivity and specificity in the detection of labrum tears were 70% and 71.4% without contrast media, respectively 100% and 71.4% with indirect arthrography. CONCLUSIONS: The indirect arthrography improves the signal parameters of the structures. The detection of labrum lesions is improved, but still remains difficult.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Spiral CT arthrography of the postoperative knee.

Computed tomography (CT) has gained multiplanar capability and submillimeter spatial resolution due to the development of spiral acquisition mode and multidetector row technology. Multidetector spiral CT arthrography of the knee is a valuable imaging modality for the assessment of lesions of the meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and articular cartilage. This article presents the value of spiral CT arthrography in the assessment of the postoperative knee with emphasis on the postoperative meniscus, articular cartilage, and ACL graft. This technique may be proposed as an alternative to magnetic resonance arthrography.

Arthrography↗

PubMed2004

[Direct MR-arthrography of the shoulder with maximum capsular distension for surgical planning].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of direct MR arthrography of the glenohumeral joint with maximum distension of the joint capsule in patients with glenohumeral instability for preoperative diagnosis and for determining the method of surgical intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR arthrography of the shoulder joint was performed on a 1.5 T system in 38 patients. All patients suffered from anterior or bidirectional instability. Using a fluoroscopically guided posterior approach, a 1 % dilution of dimeglumine gadopentetate (5 mmol Gd-DTPA/l) was injected until full capsular stretching was achieved. MR imaging protocol included fat-saturated transversal, oblique-coronal and oblique-sagittal T1-weighted spin-echo, T1-weighted 3-D and transversal T2-weighted Flash-2D. RESULTS: MR imaging revealed significant capsule distention in 22 patients and ventral capsule defects in 9 patients. Labral lesions were depicted in 25 patients, bicipital tendon lesions in 4 patients and partial ruptures of the rotator cuff in 3 patients. 15 of the 38 patients underwent surgery. Areas of pathologic laxity of the glenohumeral capsule were correctly described in all cases. In 12 of 15 patients, the best method of intervention could be determined prospectively. In 3 of 15 patients, the necessary operation was overestimated. Regarding labral ruptures, MRI had a sensitivity of 88 %, a specificity of 86 %, and a diagnostic accuracy of 87 %. CONCLUSION: Direct glenohumeral MR arthrography allows accurate preoperative evaluation of labral and tendinous structures. Judging the capsular laxity allows the determination of the optimal method of surgical intervention. The maximum extent of a stabilizing operation can be predicted preoperatively.

Adult↗